Exam 2018 Flashcards
The Internet Protocol originates from the early nineties
false
The DNS (Domain Name Service) existed before the Web was invented.
true
SMTP and DNS are technologies developed by Tim Berners-Lee
false
The notion of “hypertext”, text with links, existed before the Web was invented.
true
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is the successor of IPv4.
true
The IPv4 address space can encode 2^32 addresses, while IPv6 can encode 2^128
addresses.
true
192.16.196.210 is a valid IPv4 address
true
The concept of a “port” in the TCP protocol is part of the IP protocol
false
The World Wide Web was originally invented by the US military.
false
A web server should always send back exactly the same syntactic representation
of a resource for a given URL
false
The WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) sees the HTML specification as a “Living Standard” that needs continuous maintenance as the language evolves.
true
To implement the patented HTML5 specification, browser developers need to buy a license from W3C.
false
HTML5 documents represent a tree with the html element as the root of the tree.
true
HTML5 is more strict about syntax details than earlier versions of HTML.
false
A div element cannot have a class attribute when used as semantic markup.
false
The new title element replaces the old h1 elements
false
The article element is an alternative for the title element.
false
Browsers normalize extra spaces when displaying an HTML file.
true
The header element is used to group the header-related elements of a document
or section.
true
The selector div.question indicates that a style rule should be applied to all div elements that have a class attribute with the value "question".
false
CSS3 media queries are used to write styles rules that adapt the rendering of
HTML to a wide variety of devices.
true
The rule p {font-weight: bold;} is a correct CSS style rule for making p
elements bold.
true
page-break-after is a CSS property intended for print media usage
true
To refer to a CSS style sheet embedded in an HTML document, you can use ‘.’
False
The “small world phenomenon” means that on the web, most pages are not
indexed by search engines.
False
If Zipf’s law applies to a corpus, then there are a few terms that appear very
frequently, and a long tail with many terms that appear infrequently
true
An inverted index lists for each term the document ids in which that term appears
true
Heaps’ law predicts that if you index many documents, you will have quickly
encountered all unique words in the collection.
false
Using JavaScript host objects, you can create a pop-up window
true
JavaScript has no “print” or “echo” statements as part of the language.
true
The external JavaScript file must contain the tag “script”
false
With JavaScript and the DOM API, you can replace the src attribute of an img
element in response to a mouse click
true
With JavaScript and the DOM API, you cannot remove a p element after the document has been loaded into the browser.
false
The Document Object Model (DOM) models a document as a tree data structure
true
The DOM API can be used in JavaScript, but also in many other programming
languages.
false
An event handler is a function that is called in response of a specific event (for
example, a mouse click).
true
To change the content of the HTML element <h1>Anyone
there?</h1>, you can use the Javascript line: document.getElementById(“h1”).innerHTML = “Hello World!”
false
With AJAX technology, you can replace parts of the page without refreshing the
entire page
true
AJAX technology makes inaccessible sites accessible
false
Websites no longer need to use cookies if they upgrade to AJAX.
false
Websites no longer need to use CSS if they upgrade to AJAX.
false
An HTTP server responding to an AJAX request must respond by serving the
HTML representation of any requested resource
false
If JavaScript code on a web page from www.siteB.com tries to sends an AJAX
request to www.siteA.com, modern web browsers add a HTTP request header Origin:
http://www.siteB.com/ to indicate this to site A.
true
If the HTTP server is designed to be used by an AJAX client, it should never
respond to HTTP POST requests.
false
A drawback of AJAX is that HTTP servers can no longer use the common HTTP
response codes.
false
The HTTP request method must be either GET, POST or PUT.
false
HTTP response codes starting with ”5” indicate a server-side error.
true
HTTP requests are sent by the client, HTTP responses by the server.
true
HTTP is a ”stateless” network protocol.
true
To be able to successfully perform an operation on a Web resource, a Web client
and server need to agree on the URL to access the resource.
True
To be able to successfully perform an operation on a Web resource, a Web client
and server need to agree on the HTTP method(s) allowed on the resource
true
To be able to successfully perform an operation on a Web resource, a Web client
and server need to agree on whether the server will generate the resource dynamically or not
false
To be able to successfully perform an operation on a Web resource, a Web client
and server need to agree on the acceptable representation formats of the resource
true
Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) is a mechanism to allow restricted
resources on a web server to be requested by scripts on pages from another domain.
true
Cookies can be used to adapt sites to the personal preferences of the user.
true
Cookies are a frequent source of “Trojan horses”.
false
Cookies were introduced in HTML5.
false
Cookies can be used to pass on private and sensitive information.
true
A responsive web document conforms to the W3C accessibility guidelines
(WCAG) 2.0.
true
To support screen readers, you should use the ALT tag to only indicate that this
is an image. For example alt=”this is a picture”
false
W3C’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 deal only with visual
disabilities
false
In order to be completely (level AAA) compliant with W3C accessibility
guidelines, one needs to create five separate versions of a web page: a normal one and one each for
visually, auditory, motoric and cognitively impaired users.
false
Auto-play option for videos increase accessibility of web pages.
false
The goal of A/B testing is to analyze the difference in behaviour on a web page
for two different user groups (for example male/female users)
false
HTTP log files are typically stored client-side.
false
You can make a “low-fidelity mockup” with pen and paper.
true
A web site owner hypothesizes that more than 80 percent of his visitors click the
first link on his page and analyzes user logs to test this. This is a typical example of a explorative study
False
A web site owner hypothesizes that more than 80 percent of his visitors click the
first link on his page and analyzes user logs to test this.
In the above scenario, the independent variable is the link clicked, the dependent
variable is the number of visitors.
true
Web Science is the mathematical study of the Web.
false
The term ”Web Science” was coined by Tim Berners-Lee in 1985.
false
Scale-free networks (such as the Web) have nodes with on average many more
in-links than out-links.
false
Scale-free networks have many nodes that have few links and few nodes that have
many links.
true
Open Data are free to use by anyone, without payment
true
If a company such as Facebook provides free Internet to a specific region, and
they do not favour or slow down IP packets from specific services, they still violate Net neutrality principles as the company acts both as service and network provider.
false
It is a violation of the principle of Net neutrality if Internet service providers cut
off specific Web sites or services such as BitTorrent or YouTube.
true
The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a W3C standard for
interchanging data on the Web
true
The RDF data model uses two-valued tuples to link text strings into graphs (for
example: ”Victor” - ”TeachesAtVU”).
false
