Exam 2016 Flashcards
What is the purpose of a question mark (give mark)
End of a question (?)
What is the purpose of a exclamation mark (give mark)
End of command / exclamation (!)
What is the purpose of a comma ? (Give mark)
- short pause
- listing
- stages in a set of instructions (,)
What is the purpose of a semi colon (give mark)
- balances 2 equally related or parallel ideas
- indicates opposite ideas
- often replaces with a conjunction (;)
What is the purpose of a colon
- more info to follow
- introduces a quotation
- dialogue (:)
What is the purpose of a hyphen ?
- joins 2 words to make a compound word (word with more then one part)
- separates vowels
- words that don’t fit in a line (end of syllables )
What is the purpose of a dash ?
- twice as long as a hyphen
- additional info
- pause longer then a comma
- dramatic pause leading to climax
What is the purpose of a bracket ?
- additional info
- side info
- less important second thought ()
What is the purpose of an inverted comma / quotation marks
- shows exact spoken words
- exact words from a piece of writing
- titles
- words or phrase being used in an unusual way “favorite”
Who is the writer of private peaceful
Michael Morpurgo
What does each chapter of private peaceful indicate
Time passing
Raises tension
Evidently countdown towards novels climax
What is wrong with big joe
He has learning difficulties , always looks out of fam
When did tommo meet Molly
The first day of school
How does tommo feel left out
Charlie and Molly get close , they are both older then tommo
Where did Charlie and tommo fight WW1
Belgium
What did tommo record his feelings in
Novel
How did Charlie disobey Sargent Hanley
During a charge on the German line , Charlie and disobeys a direct order and stays wit tommo while he is injured on no - mans land
What was Charlie accused of
Accused of cowardice and given court martial
What do the book chapters count down to
The moment Charlie is executed
What song does Charlie sing when he dies
Oranges and lemons
How does Charlie end the story
In the present tense , promising to keep Charlie’s secret and look after Molly and the baby , little tommo
What is a common noun
Naming words , ordinary everyday thing
What is an example of a common noun
Desk , chair , classroom
What is a proper noun
Names of people , places
What is an example of a proper noun
Mrs Jones , England , history ,
What is a collective noun
Names a collection of group
What is an example of a collective noun
A staff of teachers A class of students
What is an abstract noun
Not visible or tangible
A feeling
What is an example of an abstract noun
Intelligence , perseverance
What is a pronoun
Stands in place of the noun
What is an example of a pronoun
I , me , mine
You , you , yours
He , him , his
What is an adjective
Describing word
Give an example of a adjective
Clever boy
Athletic boy
What is a verb
Doing word
Give an example of a verb
Work , play . Swim
What is an adverb
Tells you more about the verb
Give an example of an adverb
Fast , at the race , yesterday
What is a conjunction
Joining word
Give an example of a conjunction
Although , because
What is a proposition
Small word , which an relate two words or phrases together
Give an example of a preposition
On , behind , in , to
What is a homonym
Spelt the same , sounds the same , different meaning
Give an example of a homonym
He hit the ball
Cinderella went to the ball
What is a homophobe
Sounds the same , spelt different , different meaning
Give an example of a homophone
We talk aloud
We are allowed to go
What is a synonym
Words of the same or similar meaning
Give an example of 2 synonyms
Active - energetic
Anger - wrath
What is a antonym
Words of opposite meaning
Give an example of a antonym
Above - below
Useful - useless
What is a acronym
Initials of a group of words used to form new words
Give an example of a acronym
AIDS - acquired immune defiancy syndrome
SCUBA - self control underwater breathing apparatus
What is an abbreviation
Not pronounced as written , shortened form of a word
Give an example of an abbreviation
USA - United States of America
CNN - cable news network
What are the different uses of an apostrophe
Contractions
Possession
What is a contraction
Letters that have been omitted
Give an example of a contraction
I’m - I am
I’ve - I have
If the owner is singular where does the apostrophe come
Immiedietly after singular noun
If the owners are plural where does the apostrophe come
Placed after the plural form of the noun
If a name or word ends in an s
We add apostrophe s
If a biblical or classical name ends in an s
We add a apostrophe
If a common noun ends in SS
We add an apostrophe s
What do not get an apostrophe
Possessive pronouns - ours , yours , theirs
Abbreviations - VIPs , pms , mps , CEOs
Plural dates - 1960s , 1970s
Who wrote in Flanders field
Lieutenant colonel John McRae
Explain the term “the poppies grow” (FF)
Symbol of death , changes idea of poppies to rememberance
Explain the term “we are the dead” (FF)
Surrounded by dead
Dead are given voice by poet
Direct address of living by the dead
Explain the term “in the sky the larks “(FF)
Poetic symbols of nature , beauty and freedom
Contrast with the war
Nature provides idealized backdrop to the war provides contrast with mans actions
Explain the term “take up your quarrel with the foe “ (FF)
Continue the war
Explain the term “we throw the torch” (FF)
Emotive image of passing on a burning torch to light the way forward . Held high , an object of pride
Explain the term “if ye break faith with us who die / we shall not sleep
The suggestion is a curse on those who do not remember the dead , an old and powerful idea
Explain the term “though poppies grow “ (FF)
Reminds us the somnolent (sleep inducing) power of the poppy
Who wrote the poem the rear - guard
Siegfried Sassoon
Explain the term “groping along the tunnel” (TRG)
Sense of struggle
Sense of touch on which solider is dependent
Difficult to negotiate tunnel
Explain the term “ winked his prying torch with patching glare “ (TRG)
Darkness , torch acts as searching eye , soldier can’t see all around him adding sense of threat . The only light of life is him
Explain the term “sniffed the unwholesome air” (TRG)
Denied vision , smell becomes acute . Lack of vision is symbol of lack of rationality . Unwholesome air because lingering gas or death
Explain the term “tins , boxes , bottles , mattress of a bed “ (TRG)
First stanza is world without light . Second stanza more familiar objects . Sense of weird uneasiness , of the familiar appearing strangely .
Explain the term “ exploring fifty feet below/ the rosy gloom of battle overhead “ (TRG)
Extreme depth . Absolute removal from the world of the surface and the fighting above . Rosy gloom is attractive quality to grim scene above . Rosy - red flares or blood
Explain the term “tripping he grabbed the wall”(TRG)
A return to the use of the verb beginning the line . Loss of control ,desperate dependency on touch
Explain the term “ God bless your neck !(for days he’d had no sleep)” TRG
Tension solider feels leads to frustrated outburst . Not functioning because of lack of sleep
Explain the term “savage ,he kicked the unanswering heap “ TRG
About humans reverting to a less developed , animalistic , inhuman state .
Explain the term “the livid face / terribly glaring up” TRG
Livid can mean angry , but here it means black and blue - colour of bruises . Use of present tense glaring gives disconcerting sense that the dead man is dead , yet somehow alive
Explain the term “yet whore / agony dieing hard “ TRG
Still look of suffering , frozen in a death- mask of horror and agony
Explain the term “fists of fingers” TRG
Repulsive and frightening world of touch , here clutching festering wound
Explain the term “ alone he staggered on” TRG
Line begins with state , then moves to verb , unlike lines already commented on . Sense of isolation and loneliness
Explain the term “ dawns ghost “ TRG
Weak light of dawn evoked in this supernatural metaphor , light coming through . Part of the bleakness of poem is that neither upper nor lower realm has any sense of peace or consolation. Unrest dominates both spaces
Explain the term “ the dazed muttering creatures underground “ TRG
No human beings . But by those reduced to inhuman creatures , demons
Explain the term “ who hear the booms of shells in muffled sound “ TRG
Onomatopoeia , continuous din from world above
Explain the term “with sweat of horror in his hair “ TRG
Cold , fearful sweat creep over the crown of his head . Use of alliteration suggests heavy breath of soldier
Explain the term “ he climbed through darkness to the twilight air” TRG
Escapes tunnel and the dark into the half light of the world above
Explain the term “ unloading hell behind him step by step “ TRG
Poem ends bleakly where it began . In ponderous movement step by step , every step he takes he gets further away from hell
Explain the term “ if I should die “ TS
Possibility of death
Explain “that there’s some corner of a foreign field “ TS
Big foreign field (many other countries ) and a small corner was England
Explain “in that rich earth , a richer dust concealed “ TS
If he is buried here , he makes the earth richer because he is English
Explain “ a dust whom England bore , shaped , made aware “ TS
England gave birth to it (bore) shaped it , made it aware , England plays the role of the dust soldiers mother .
Explain “gave once her flowers to love , her ways to roam “ TS
England once gave this dust her flowers to love and gave it her ways to roam . The dust is the soldier .
What is the dust in the soldier
The soil or land or the dead body , not a person just a corpse
Explain “ a body of England’s , breathing English air , washed by the rivers , blessed by the Suns of home “ TS
This dust experienced all England had to offer . Breathing English sir is present tense . Does he die and still imagine he is breathing or is it a metaphor of his Englishness
Explain “ and think , this heart , all evil shed away “ TS
Think (consider) that the soliders heart shed away all bad and evil
Explain “a pulse in the eternal mind no less “ TS
“Eternal mind “ idea of God . When he goes to heaven he will become part of that larger un - ending being and re - experience in the form of a pulse all the thoughts by England given
Explain “ her sights and sounds , dreams happy as her day and laughter learnt of friends “ TS
England in the sky . Joyous picture of life after death , much like happiest times spent in England
Explain “ and gentleness , in hearts at peace , under an English heaven “ TS
Gentleness in the hearts of those that get into this English heaven . Hearts are at peace . Different heavens for different people . Afterlife filled with familiar comforts of home .
Who wrote dulce e decorum est
Wilfred Owen
Explain “bent double like old beggars under sacks , knock -kneed , coughing like hags ,we cursed through sludge “ DEDE
Soldiers are crippled . Mentally and physically overcome by the weight of their experiences in war . Images of how twisted the bodies of soldiers have become
Explain “ till on haunting flares we turned our backs , and towards our distant rest began to trudge”
Battle about to end for the day . Irony to distant rest . Could be barracks or death
Explain “men marched asleep “ DEDE
Zombies , walking as if they are dead they are so exhausted . Full stop in middle of line gives pause
Explain “ many had lost their boots but limped on , blood - shod “ DEDE
Alliteration of l sound making it long and hard to say . Blood is clothing them . War figuratively and literally is enveloping them
Explain “ all went lame , all blind , drunk with fatigue , deaf even to the hoots , of tired , outstripped five mines that dropped behind “ DEDE
Choppiness mimics tired men . Drunk and deaf people overwhelmed by never ending battles . Even shells are tired and outstripped . The whole war seems worn out
Explain “ gas ! Gas! Quick boys! An ecstasy of fumbling , fitting clumsy helmets just in time “ DEDE
Repetition of frantic cry draws us to action . Panicked , disorientated
Explain “ but someone still was crying out and stumbling and floundering like a man in fire or lime “ DEDE
Lime is chemical compound that burns through the body . Speaker can’t face it head on , has to describe it through similes .
Explain “ dim through the misty planes and thick green light , as under a sea of green , I saw him drowning “ DEDE
Repetition of the word green gives us illusion the green fog is surrounding us as well . Slow motion . So horrible we have to pause to take it all in . Long ees
Explain “ in all my dreams , before my helpless sight , he plunges at me , guttering , choking , drowning “ DEDE
Out of second stanza because it’s now in present tense . He is haunted . Onomatopoeia . Can’t do anything
Explain “ if in some smothering dreams you too could pace , h
Behind the wagon that we flung him in “ DEDE
Heavy , big , tossed
Explain “ and watched the white eyes writing in his face , his hanging face , like a devils sick of sin” DEDE
The body of soldier writhes in surreal agony . Alliteration of s like hissing
Explain “ if you could hear at every jolt , the blood come gargling fro, the fourth corrupted lungs , obscene as cancer , bitter as the cud , of vile incurable sores on innocent tounges “ DEDE
Disgusting as he wants to show us how degrading , humiliating and surreal the destruction of human body can be
Explain “ my Friend , you would not tell which such high zest to children ardent for some desperate glory , the old lie “ DEDE
Bitterly says war efforts begin at home . People convince children they find glory on the battlefield . Zest - sarcastic or high enthusiasm
Explain “dulce et decorum pro pratria mori” DEDE
Only 10 syllables makes awkward silence . Silence of death ,it is sweet and proper to die for ones country .
In poetry what is the theme
Subject , central idea , underlying thought
In poetry what is the intention
Reason or motive poet had
We can then understand how the poet wants us to feel
In poetry what is diction
Vocal , choice of words
In poetry what is tone
Attitude , towards subject and readers , not always consistent
In poetry what is the rythem
Flow of words , beat , creates mood or atmosphere , convey a theme , set particular pace
In poetry what is rhyme
Repetition of familiar sounds
Usually vowel sound followed by consonant
Occurring at the end of lines
What are the figures of speech
Simile , metaphor , personification , alliteration , assonance , onomatopoeia
What is a simile
Comparison between 2 things using the words like or as
Give an example of a simile
He is like a pig
What is a metaphor
Direct comparison without like or as
Give an example of a metaphor
He is bill gates
What is personification
Giving human qualities to inanimate objects
Give an example of personification
The pine trees shook with hysterical laughter
What is a sound decide and name them
Phrase or word using sounds to add or convey meaning
Alliteration , assonance , onomatopoeia
What is alliteration
Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words
Give an example of alliteration
Football Fever Fuels the Fans
What is assonance
Repetition of vowel sounds
Give an example of assonance
Clap your hands and stamp your feet
What is onomatopoeia
Imitate and reproduce real life sounds and actions
Give an example of onomatopoeia
The sky expelled with a crash , bang and hissing of fireworks
What is the purpose of a full stop (give a full stop)
End of a statement (.)
