Exam 2 Vocab

Question 1

African music characteristics

Answer 1

• dense textures
• conversational music (call and response)
• polyrhythm
• ostinato
• -2 phrases repeated
• buzzy timbres
• ground & elaboration parts
• participatory music
• -contrast with presentational music

Question 2

bards

Answer 2

direct equivalent to griots
historians
musicians
harpers

Question 3

Bela Fleck

Answer 3

world-famous banjo player

Question 4

bira

Answer 4

spirit possession ceremony

dead ancestor inhabits body of a medium

Question 5

bloody 17th century

Answer 5

1600s

English army pushed people westward under leadership of Oliver Cromwell

Question 6

call and response

Answer 6

texture of African music

conversational music

Question 7

Captain Francis O’Neill

Answer 7

captain of Chicago police
piper
Literate musician
—wrote down tunes of other Irish musicians around him

Question 8

ceili

Answer 8

participatory dance party

musicians are there for the dancers

Question 9

chain migration

Answer 9

when one person comes, the rest follows

how large Irish communities came to be in the US

Question 10

civil service

Answer 10

government jobs where Irish men could get jobs

one of the only places they could get jobs

Question 11

colonialism

Answer 11

foreign occupation for extracting resources

Question 12

crossroads dances

Answer 12

traditional music-making venue in Ireland

where Irish music could be played in secret, away from the sheriff

Question 13

Edward Hall

Answer 13

anthropologist
did work from the roof of the school
conclusion: all engaged in constantly changing synchronized behavior

Question 14

Egalitarian society

Answer 14

society where power is shared equally

everyone contributes equally

Question 15

feis

Answer 15

competitive traditional music-making event

Question 16

Fleadh Cheoil

Answer 16

all Ireland championship

Liz Carroll - Chicago fiddle player

Question 17

flow

Answer 17

state of mind where you are totally immersed in the moment

optimal experience

Question 18

Great Famine

Answer 18

Ireland in 1840 - potato famine

single crop that people relied that failed

Question 19

griot

Answer 19

musician and historian
same as bards
high prestige that carries the history of their people and tells the history in song

Question 20

ground and elaboration

Answer 20

African music characteristic
Rhythm section is doing one thing over and over again and someone else is doing an elaboration part
–like an improve
rhythm and lead

Question 21

harp

Answer 21

string instrument that the bards played
symbol of ancient glorious Ireland
—days before the conquest

Question 22

hedge schools

Answer 22

schools conducted by priests in the 18th century when it was illegal to educate Irish kids

Question 23

Hell or Connaught

Answer 23

Connaught - western Ireland
–very hard to grow crops
Where people were pushed during the conquest
famous phrase said by Oliver Cromwell

Question 24

Hosho

Answer 24

rattle played with the mbira

played in the bira ceremony

Question 25

immigration

Answer 25

coming into a place

Question 26

emigration

Answer 26

moving out of a place

Question 27

Liz Carroll

Answer 27

Great fiddler player from Chicago

Question 28

marimba

Answer 28

``` instrument played in Africa played by 6 musicians in movie wooden planks instead of metal keys idiophone resonator: the pit dug underneath ```

Question 29

mbira

Answer 29

instrument thumb piano spiritual tool to connect with the dead played with two hands

Question 30

Michael Coleman

Answer 30

fiddle player 1920s 80+ recordings from Sligo

Question 31

No Irish Need Apply

Answer 31

signs that businesses put out to discourage Irish people from applying for jobs

Question 32

nostalgia

Answer 32

the newfound feeling when in America | Longing for a sweet past that may not even have happened

Question 33

O'Neill's Anthology

Answer 33

the collection put together by captain Francis O'Neill

Question 34

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 34

Lord high protector of England | conquered Ireland in the 17th century

Question 35

optimal experience

Answer 35

experience that creates a sense of flow

Question 36

participatory music

Answer 36

music that you engage in bodily | session/ceili/feis

Question 37

penal laws

Answer 37

laws of punishment for Irish 18th century - after Cromwell cannot teach kids how to do math etc

Question 38

planxty

Answer 38

tune written in honor of somebody | harp tune by Turlough O'Carolan

Question 39

polyglot

Answer 39

someone who speaks multiple languages

Question 40

presentational music

Answer 40

music that you do not engage in | ex. river dance

Question 41

receiving cities

Answer 41

New York, Boston, Montreal | Where the Irish moved to and settled in

Question 42

spirit medium

Answer 42

person who channels the spirit of the dead

Question 43

spirit possession

Answer 43

whole phenomenon | music, medium, everything

Question 44

stratified society

Answer 44

society where power is held at many different levels opposite of egalitarian society western society is stratified

Question 45

synchronizing

Answer 45

what we have to do in order to survive synchronizing with each other in sync over time

Question 46

Titon "onion model"

Answer 46

five levels of context (from middle to outside) 1. music 2. musicians 3. audience 4. community 5. history

Question 47

Turlough O'Carolan

Answer 47

last of the great harpers Irish composer that came up with 200+ tunes blind harper

Question 48

Zimbabwe

Answer 48

country in southern Africa where the Shona live | where spirit possessions happen

Question 49

Sligo

Answer 49

county where Michael Coleman is from Western Ireland poor produced many musicians