Exam 2 Terms

Question 1

Dynamic Memory Allocation

Answer 1

Memory that is allocated during runtime. The memory is allocated on a heap data structure, and relies on pointers to access the information

Question 2

Dynamic Memory Allocation (Usage)

Answer 2

Sometimes we don’t know the size of memory that we need, sometimes memory usage is limited

Question 3

Dynamic Memory Allocation (Syntax)

Answer 3

New - allocated a new memory pointer
Delete - frees the desired allocated memory

Question 4

Pointer memory allocation

Answer 4

Allocating memory using a pointer. (Done using the keyword “new”)

Question 5

Ad Hoc polymorphism

Answer 5

Defining multiple functions with the same name, but changing their context (parameters). AKA - function overloading and operator overloading

Question 6

General polymorphism

Answer 6

The ability for an object or a function to behave differently

Question 7

Function output

Answer 7

the returned value after a function has been executed

Question 8

Function overloading

Answer 8

multiple functions that have the same key signature (name) but have at least ONE different parameter, and the return value can be different

Question 9

Operator overloading

Answer 9

Giving custom behavior to already defined operators. These only work with objects of a specified class

Question 10

Friend functions

Answer 10

Have access to private and protected members of a class

Question 11

Friend functions (drawbacks)

Answer 11

It breaks encapsulation, and data hiding, these are key pillars of OOP

Question 12

What will you do if the list is empty and you want to add an item?

Answer 12

Using the object passed in, or by creating a new one, the firstPtr is set to the object, and the nextPtr and lastPtr are still pointing to the nullptr

Question 13

What will you do if you want to add at the end of the list?

Answer 13

The object currently at the end of the list’s nextPtr is now pointing to the new object, and the new object is pointing to nullPtr

Question 14

What will you do if you want to add at the first of the list?

Answer 14

The object we’re sending in nextPtr is set to point at the first object, and then we set the firstPtr to point to the new object we sent in

Question 15

What will you do if you want to add before a given index?

Answer 15

Iterate across the list until you reach the desired index, then go back an object to insert the new object