Exam 2 Stuff

Question 1

Caudate nucleus and putamen —> globes pallidus and substantial nigra?

Answer 1

GABA (inhibitory)

Question 2

Cortex—> caudate nucleus and putamen?

Answer 2

Acetylcholine (excitatory)

Question 3

Multiple pathways from brainstem?

Answer 3

Norepinephrine, serotonin (inhibitory), encaphalin

Question 4

Multiple glutamate pathways?

Answer 4

Provide most of the excitatory signals

Question 5

Lesions globus pallidus?

Answer 5

Frequently leads to spontaneous and often writhing movements of a hand, an arm, the neck, or the face, movements are called Athetosis

Question 6

Lesions in subthalamic nuclei?

Answer 6

Leads to sudden flailing movements of an entire limb, an condition called—hemiballismus

Question 7

Lesions in striatum?

Answer 7

Leads to flicking movements in the hands, face, and other parts of the body, called—chorea

Question 8

Lesions in the substantia nigra?

Answer 8

The common and extremely sever disease of rigidity, akinesia, and tremors known as –Parkinson’s

Question 9

Layers of the gut tract wall (OUTSIDE IN)?

Answer 9

• serosa
• longitudinal smooth muscle
• myenteric plexus (of Auerbach)
• circular smooth muscle
• meissner’s plexus (submucosal plexus)
• submucosa
• mucosa

Question 10

Substantial nigra —> caudate nucleus and putamen?

Answer 10

Dopamine (inhibitory)