Exam 2 Study Guide (Ch.9-11)

Question 1

spontaneous process

Answer 1

proceeds without outside intervention. Its reverse rxn is non spontaneous

Question 2

Thermodynamics vs kinetics

Answer 2

direction vs speed

Question 3

Is more or less disorder favored?

Answer 3

More disorder is favored

Question 4

What is the driving force of spontaneous processes

Answer 4

entropy

Question 4

Isothermal process

Answer 4

Process where system and surrounding temps remain constant (dT and dE equal 0)

Question 5

How is entropy associated with probability?

Answer 5

Because it is more probable to have more entropy / disorder

Question 6

Infinite steps

Answer 6

The more steps it takes to get from point A to point B, the more work (most optimal)

Question 7

Machine Work Summary

Answer 7

Expansion: work done BY machine

Question 8

compression

Answer 8

Work done ON machine

Question 9

Entropy

Answer 9

measure of randomness / disorder

Question 10

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 10

entropy of the universe is increasing (dS > 0 is favored)

Question 11

Gibb’s free Energy

Answer 11

a state function

Question 12

Entropy vs. Temp

Answer 12

Entropy is directly proportional to temperature

Question 13

How is entropy related to the number of molecules?

Answer 13

The more molecules, the more disorder

Question 14

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 14

Hess’ law applies to ALL state functions

Question 15

Thermodynamics

Answer 15

Study of energy and how it is transferred