Exam 2 Slide Ids Flashcards
Soissons Cernunnos
Celtic
ca 100 BCE-100 CE
- Cernunnos is a Celtic god associated with horned, antlered animals. He has horns too.
- torque indicates royalty, coins indicate wealth.
- Apollo and Mercury to the sides of Cernunnos. Rome is kinda sitting on this part of France att.
- Celts kind of appropriating Greco Roman gods. looking at Roman art too based on the style, Contrapposto, pediment, etc.
Desborough Mirror
Celtic
1st c CE
- niello
- Rounded horn-like shapes.
- pattern with the niello looks kind of like a carbon fiber pattern on a bike or something, sort of herringbone…
Gold Buckle from Sutton Hoo Site
Insular/Hiberno-Saxon
7th c
Buckle Pattern-Intertwined serpents
Sutton Hoo Burial–
might have been a king named — buried here.
-purse of coins found with turkish minted coins that are dated.
-some things custom made for the burial.
-collecting things from all over, exotica, couple of Christian items. Also some domestic items, indicated an idea of afterlife that requires. Some things like bowls from eastern mediterranean.
Book of Durrow
(Opening of the Gospel of Matthew)
Insular/Hiberno Saxon
7th c
Irish monasticism/Haberno Saxon style has a history of manuscripts.
One of the earliest, fully decorated texts.
basically 4 colors, black, red, green, yellow
each of the authors of the gospels gets a portrait in the book (matthew for matthew)
not really used to doing human forms att. Really odd looking.
looks like taking old school metal work and translating it into the manuscript.
–Eagle symbolizing Mark
–Lion for John
-Carpet pages, fully decorated
-The start of each book gets its own huge initial to start
Incipit (first phrase of something) of Book of Mark
Book of Durrow
(Carpet Page)
Insular/Hiberno Saxon
7th c
Irish monasticism/Haberno Saxon style has a history of manuscripts.
One of the earliest, fully decorated texts.
basically 4 colors, black, red, green, yellow
each of the authors of the gospels gets a portrait in the book (matthew for matthew)
not really used to doing human forms att. Really odd looking.
looks like taking old school metal work and translating it into the manuscript.
–Eagle symbolizing Mark
–Lion for John
-Carpet pages, fully decorated
-The start of each book gets its own huge initial to start
Incipit (first phrase of something) of Book of Mark
Lindisfarne Gospels (Carpet Page with Cross)
Eadfrith
Insular/Hiberno-Saxon
ca 710-725
Incipit of Matthew
Big panels of different colors of knot work
Animal interlace again. Knots of ducks or something. Spirals.
Set of canon tables, again like concordance, 16 pages
Opening pages of John, a little bit more anatomically correct than like the bell shaped dude
John Incipit
Earliest known English translation of the bible, written in like 10th c, right in the original text, penned on
Image of prophet Ezra Maybe copied the Codex Amiatinus, or. Both copied a theoretical model themselves
Oldest still existing Latin copy of the text
Lindisfarne Gospels
Eadfrith
Insular/Hiberno-Saxon
ca 710-725
Incipit of Matthew
Big panels of different colors of knot work
Animal interlace again. Knots of ducks or something. Spirals.
Set of canon tables, again like concordance, 16 pages
Opening pages of John, a little bit more anatomically correct than like the bell shaped dude
John Incipit
Earliest known English translation of the bible, written in like 10th c, right in the original text, penned on
Image of prophet Ezra Maybe copied the Codex Amiatinus, or. Both copied a theoretical model themselves
Oldest still existing Latin copy of the text
Aberlemno Cross
Insular/Hiberno-Saxon
pre-716
-same kind of motifs that were used in older metal working techniques.
animals,
Christian theme in the form of a cross, bit Latin cross, but the rest of it less religious. On the back is a battle scene.
-the helmeted warriors probably meant to be Angles, bad guys.
Eagle Fibula
Visigothic
6th c CE
Visigoths, last of the Germanic tribes moving around. Clovis Frank moves them into Spain later on…at 6th c living within roman orbit
Cloisonné,
Fibula–like a closure for a cape
Not glass here, stones that were cut really carefully
San Juan de Baños
Cerrato
Visigothic
7th c
Visigothic church
Ashlar masonry
Rectilinear, transept with little additions at the ends of the transept.
Still considered basilica, though weird
Barre vaulted apse
Apparently the Visigoths also independently developed the horseshoe arch apart from Islamic art tradition
San Juan de Baños
Cerrato
Visigothic
7th c
Visigothic church
Ashlar masonry
Rectilinear, transept with little additions at the ends of the transept.
Still considered basilica, though weird
Barre vaulted apse
Apparently the Visigoths also independently developed the horseshoe arch apart from Islamic art tradition
Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel,
Aachen, Germany
Carolingian
792-805
Aachen is old Roman township site. grid plans.
Charlemagne
chapel is designed by Odo of Metz first architect we have named north of the Alps. Dedicated to Virgin Mary by Pope Leo III—always had
Looks like San Vitale layout at Ravenna
Very tall center area with dome at top. Tallery level called a Tribune level basically a gallery
Westwork—one of the first time seeing this, will become very common in this era. Basically really tall built up Narthex that basically turns into a tower.
Interior of octagonal dome area very Roman, with roman arches, very classic, pretty treatment on the face although made of stone. More blunt treatment of the design, not as graceful as a place like san vitale.Dome itself not really rounded, kind of segmented, flat panels type so no squinches/pendentives needed.
Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel,
Aachen, Germany
Carolingian
792-805
Aachen is old Roman township site. grid plans.
Charlemagne
chapel is designed by Odo of Metz first architect we have named north of the Alps. Dedicated to Virgin Mary by Pope Leo III—always had
Looks like San Vitale layout at Ravenna
Very tall center area with dome at top. Tallery level called a Tribune level basically a gallery
Westwork—one of the first time seeing this, will become very common in this era. Basically really tall built up Narthex that basically turns into a tower.
Interior of octagonal dome area very Roman, with roman arches, very classic, pretty treatment on the face although made of stone. More blunt treatment of the design, not as graceful as a place like san vitale.Dome itself not really rounded, kind of segmented, flat panels type so no squinches/pendentives needed.
Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel,
Aachen, Germany
Carolingian
792-805
Aachen is old Roman township site. grid plans.
Charlemagne
chapel is designed by Odo of Metz first architect we have named north of the Alps. Dedicated to Virgin Mary by Pope Leo III—always had
Looks like San Vitale layout at Ravenna
Very tall center area with dome at top. Tallery level called a Tribune level basically a gallery
Westwork—one of the first time seeing this, will become very common in this era. Basically really tall built up Narthex that basically turns into a tower.
Interior of octagonal dome area very Roman, with roman arches, very classic, pretty treatment on the face although made of stone. More blunt treatment of the design, not as graceful as a place like san vitale.Dome itself not really rounded, kind of segmented, flat panels type so no squinches/pendentives needed.
Monastery plan of St. Gall,
Carolingian
c 817
meant to be something like a baseline of the ideal monastery plan. Not a representation of the monastery of St. Gall in actuality.
Note on the plan—Abbot to St. Gall
another unusual west side, lots experimentation att with the west side
dormitories, dining hall, kitchen, latrines, etc surrounding the church and cloister.
a little self sustaining microcosm.
chapter house below the dormitory—meeting place for the monks.
in the church there is a complicated liturgical division of space
19 altars in the church. families in the local populace funding the altars.
The abbot who sent this plan was from Reichenau
Monastery plan of St. Gall,
Carolingian
c 817
meant to be something like a baseline of the ideal monastery plan. Not a representation of the monastery of St. Gall in actuality.
Note on the plan—Abbot to St. Gall
another unusual west side, lots experimentation att with the west side
dormitories, dining hall, kitchen, latrines, etc surrounding the church and cloister.
a little self sustaining microcosm.
chapter house below the dormitory—meeting place for the monks.
in the church there is a complicated liturgical division of space
19 altars in the church. families in the local populace funding the altars.
The abbot who sent this plan was from Reichenau
St. Matthew Coronation Gospels of Charlemagne
Carolingian
800-810
4 author pages
not much looking like the Haberno Saxon style, looking more like something else. classical-shading/ modeling with a variation of value. shadows, contour being indicated by the play of light on things.
the four evangelists-each have their own poses, space kind of divided off into cells…
St. Matthew, Ebbo Gospels
Carolingian mid
9th c
made for Arch Bishop of (Rand?) who was named Ebbo.
linear and colorful.
unusual style, strange mixture
the initial page that goes with it more solidified tho. interlace work
St. Mark, Ebbo Gospels
Carolingian mid
9th c
Lindau Gospels–binding (front)
Carolingian
c 870-80
pearls, jewels, repousse treatments. Christ on cross.
back cover, really cool. Cloisonee evangelists. big panels. Serpant interlace. corners-little nailed on panels that look taken from somewhere else and affixed later on.
Lindau Gospels–binding (back)
Carolingian
c 870-80
pearls, jewels, repousse treatments. Christ on cross.
back cover, really cool. Cloisonee evangelists. big panels. Serpant interlace. corners-little nailed on panels that look taken from somewhere else and affixed later on.
Otto III Enthroned, Liuthar Gospels
Ottonian
c 1000
Otto III Enthroned, Gospel book of Otto III
Ottonian,
997-1000
Otto II dies, Theophanus queen regent, she does, Otto III becomes emperor at age 11,
Vestments
Otto III in this image posed like Christ is in so many images. Being held up by this crushed version of Telos.
King sacre and secular
Male figures to the sides, vassals. Bottom: clergy
The beer gut abdomen thing become convention.. Making up rules in this.
Books as regalia,a
Might be the most materially valuable book ever in terms of gold etc lapis lazuli
Flanked on either side by his state. Saints, maintaining the baseline standard of enthroned opbut all the rest of the classicising stuff I’d kind of disappearing
Various complexions and carrying things that are typical of their region on the left side.
Abbey Church of St. Michael, Hildesheim
Ottonian,
1010-1013
Alternation of supports.
crossing towers over two crossings
look at examples of fresco in textbook
Overbuilt east and west side, more symmetrical appearance
The bishop named … Hired by Theophanu to…
Sometimes the column thing is called the Saxon treatment of alternating supports
Twice as high as wide
Probably originally all covered by fresco at some point
Abbey Church of St. Michael, Hildesheim
Ottonian,
1010-1013
Alternation of supports.
crossing towers over two crossings
look at examples of fresco in textbook
Overbuilt east and west side, more symmetrical appearance
The bishop named … Hired by Theophanu to…
Sometimes the column thing is called the Saxon treatment of alternating supports
Twice as high as wide
Probably originally all covered by fresco at some point
Abbey Church of St. Michael, Hildesheim
Ottonian,
1010-1013
Alternation of supports.
crossing towers over two crossings
look at examples of fresco in textbook
Overbuilt east and west side, more symmetrical appearance
The bishop named … Hired by Theophanu to…
Sometimes the column thing is called the Saxon treatment of alternating supports
Twice as high as wide
Probably originally all covered by fresco at some point
DOOR of Abbey Church of St. Michael, Hildesheim
Ottonian,
1010-1013
monastic entrance to the church, not the one that the laity would use. Audience here is coming equipped with more theological baggage than everyone else.
about 16ft high, bronze. first significant bronze cast object really since the roman empire. Bronze casting has fallen out due to lack of resources etc.
Lost wax casting. in one piece
cire-perdu
like cyclical view of history… Listen about 2 minutes in to Oct 15th recording for more detail.
remember huge doors from santa sabina.
visual typology. nothing is accidental, all is planned. The adam and eve with tree and the neighboring christ on the cross. similar shapes with the tree and cross
kind of spindly figures, more kinetic…carolingian effect.
scenes probably a lot to do with manuscripts
DOOR of Abbey Church of St. Michael, Hildesheim
Ottonian,
1010-1013
monastic entrance to the church, not the one that the laity would use. Audience here is coming equipped with more theological baggage than everyone else.
about 16ft high, bronze. first significant bronze cast object really since the roman empire. Bronze casting has fallen out due to lack of resources etc.
Lost wax casting. in one piece
cire-perdu
like cyclical view of history… Listen about 2 minutes in to Oct 15th recording for more detail.
remember huge doors from santa sabina.
visual typology. nothing is accidental, all is planned. The adam and eve with tree and the neighboring christ on the cross. similar shapes with the tree and cross
kind of spindly figures, more kinetic…carolingian effect.
scenes probably a lot to do with manuscripts
Gero Crucifix
Ottonian
c 970
given by an Arch Bishop (Gero) to Cologne, never left the cathedral since except briefly
about 6 ft tall
wood carved oak
kind of reliquary, compartment behind his head.
kind of Byzantine in a appearance, think back to Church of Dormition at Daphne, sense of weight, expressive, not gory but evocative of compassion
new attention in the humanity of christ
Stave Church at Borgund, Sogn, Norway
Scandinavian
c 1125-50
moving north of alps
St. Olaf converts Norway
Stave referring to the large corners of the building.
pretty much basilica layout!
essentially longitudinal, shallow side aisles, false gallery, small building overall
Stave Church at Borgund, Sogn, Norway
Scandinavian
c 1125-50
moving north of alps
St. Olaf converts Norway
Stave referring to the large corners of the building.
pretty much basilica layout!
essentially longitudinal, shallow side aisles, false gallery, small building overall
Stave Church at Borgund, Sogn, Norway
Scandinavian
c 1125-50
Eadwine–Eadwine Psalter
Eadwine
Anglo-Saxon
ca 1150
following in earlier anglo saxon, pre french tradition.
last page with portrait, but like generic monk image, don’t really do portraits at this time in actual likeness.
drapery pretty arbitrary.
coming out of older tradition of evangelist portraits.
border could be faintly related to earlier traditions, difficult to tell..
in the inside border, largely red inscription—pitched like something as a conversation from author about himself-really rare to even get name of artist att.
Growing tradition of signing work.
Biblie of Bury St. Edmunds
Master Hugo
Anglo Saxon
ca 1130
know that he is sculptor, metalsmith…we have his name-again becoming more common
front piece to Deuteronomy
slow, graceful gestures
conventional treatment of the body, big flat plains and shading/contour lines that have noting to do with anatomy or cloth draping, just convention.
the colander hat thing is a indication of a Jew in some of these traditions.
Prayer Hall Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain
Islam in Spain
8th-10th c
***Prayer Hall, Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain. 8th-10th c.
complicated building in terms of religious history
gest expanded twice. Eventually becomes the largest mosque in the Islamic west.
Hypostyle design in the original part of the building.
Barrel arches stacked on top of horseshoe arches
514 columns
central aisle is tiny bit wider, little bit of influence still left from N. Africa and the west (initial building)
additions build out to the sides.
cathedral dropped in the middle during reconquista too.
lots of weird stuff done over time
-Mihrab on the quibla wall and maqsura
imports mosaic artists from the East—from Constantinople, look from Byzantium. Earliest Umayyad mosaics look pretty Byzantine, but mid Umayyad looking islamic-like the early inscriptions at the dome of the rock
Maqsura—usually put around the mihrab, like a fenced off area (vip area) usually in mosques with a palatial connection.
the Maqsura here has the multi-lobed arch that is also seen in spanish stuff.
Domes over the maqsura bays—ribs are decorative on basically true domes.
the shape of the mihrab is kinda unusual, usually reserved for gates
proximity to Christianity =some strange for islam customs including processional stuff carrying the Koran
Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain
Islam in Spain
8th-10th c
***Prayer Hall, Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain. 8th-10th c.
complicated building in terms of religious history
gest expanded twice. Eventually becomes the largest mosque in the Islamic west.
Hypostyle design in the original part of the building.
Barrel arches stacked on top of horseshoe arches
514 columns
central aisle is tiny bit wider, little bit of influence still left from N. Africa and the west (initial building)
additions build out to the sides.
cathedral dropped in the middle during reconquista too.
lots of weird stuff done over time
-Mihrab on the quibla wall and maqsura
imports mosaic artists from the East—from Constantinople, look from Byzantium. Earliest Umayyad mosaics look pretty Byzantine, but mid Umayyad looking islamic-like the early inscriptions at the dome of the rock
Maqsura—usually put around the mihrab, like a fenced off area (vip area) usually in mosques with a palatial connection.
the Maqsura here has the multi-lobed arch that is also seen in spanish stuff.
Domes over the maqsura bays—ribs are decorative on basically true domes.
the shape of the mihrab is kinda unusual, usually reserved for gates
proximity to Christianity =some strange for islam customs including processional stuff carrying the Koran
Court of Lions Alhambra, Grenada, Spain
Islam in Spain
1354-91
Muhammad 1 ibn Nazr founds the Grenada part of his kingdom
basically like 5 seperate palaces put together. Serious compound going on.
Muqarnas motif–like squinches within squinches within squinches motif stalactite like motif. really unusual
the sculpted lions in the court are really weird for Islamic art, has to do likely with the proximity to Christains in cotnrast witht he proximity to other Islamic tradition, getting drossover.
Mocarabe is the mores pecific stalagtite form of the muqarnas
**Hall of Ambassadors
wooden vault
Musquarnas Dome, Alhambra, Grenada, Spain
Islam in Spain
1354-91
Muhammad 1 ibn Nazr founds the Grenada part of his kingdom
basically like 5 seperate palaces put together. Serious compound going on.
Muqarnas motif–like squinches within squinches within squinches motif stalactite like motif. really unusual
the sculpted lions in the court are really weird for Islamic art, has to do likely with the proximity to Christains in cotnrast witht he proximity to other Islamic tradition, getting drossover.
Mocarabe is the mores pecific stalagtite form of the muqarnas
**Hall of Ambassadors
wooden vault
Courtyard of the Comares Alhambra, Grenada, Spain
Islam in Spain
1354-91
Muhammad 1 ibn Nazr founds the Grenada part of his kingdom
basically like 5 seperate palaces put together. Serious compound going on.
Muqarnas motif–like squinches within squinches within squinches motif stalactite like motif. really unusual
the sculpted lions in the court are really weird for Islamic art, has to do likely with the proximity to Christains in cotnrast witht he proximity to other Islamic tradition, getting drossover.
Mocarabe is the mores pecific stalagtite form of the muqarnas
**Hall of Ambassadors
wooden vault
Banner of Las Navas de Tolosa, Spanish
Islam in Spain
1212-50
Christians defeat Musims in 1212 in Las Navas…turning point for the penninsula
was originally tought to be the flag at the battle, think now probably not even related. Been held as a sort of relic since then so still assocaited witht he battle.
Weaving, silk woven in the manner that it looks like tapestry.
caligraphic panels around, inscription
11 ft hight
taken by one of the Christian Kings
pretty standard Islamic motifs used in this.
San Miguel de Escalada. Leon
Mozarabic
ca 913
Benedictines move away from Cordoba and form monasteries in Leon
horseshoe arches
screen thing at thec crossing/nave which is really unusual/unique.
San Miguel de Escalada. Leon
Mozarabic
ca 913
Benedictines move away from Cordoba and form monasteries in Leon
horseshoe arches
screen thing at thec crossing/nave which is really unusual/unique.
Ibn Shoshan Synagogue, Toledo
Mozarabic
13th c
octagonal pillars are found in many Mudejar buildings (moorish style ithink)
almost done like Christian Basilica. a little bit of Mosque style too. 5 parallel areas
Four Angels Holding the Four Winds–Morgan Beatus
Magius-Scribe/Illuminator
Mozarabic
10th c
Magius-scribe/illuminator
for some reason this particular text is really popoular in Mozarabic area
story about the end of the world, seven seals, etc
Beatus writes a commentary on it-kind of theological work. Written in order to fight some local heretical beliefs, popular with Visigoths–Adoptionism: that Christ was born as normal human, laer adopted by God and became divine. Spain being farther away from other areas of christianity.
the whole world depicted. fishes, the the earthen part divided into different blocks of color. the tribes of Israel depicted vaguely indicated. The four winds at the corners.
Figures, not based on optical realism. Really colorful, fun. Stock figures. Similarish to the Lindisfarn figures
