Exam 2 Review Flashcards
Holoplankton are plankton that…
Spend their entire lives as plankton
Which of the following best describes the role of bacteria in the microbial loop?
Consume dissolved organic matter
Which of the following groups of organisms has the largest number of species?
Bacteria
Which of the following is not a conservation concern for marine plants?
Bycatch
An organism that is considered an extremophile is most likely which type of organism?
Archaea
Which of these autotrophic groups shows evidence of secondary endosymbiosis in their photosynthetic pigments?
Brown algae
In a trophic energy pyramid, approximately what percentage of energy is conserved as you move up a single trophic level?
10%
What type of organisms are responsible for red tides?
Dinoflagellates
Health of which of the following species is of the greatest concern with regard to ocean acidification?
Coccolithophores (calcium carbonate shells)
Terrestrial vascular plants evolved from marine vascular plants, such as eelgrass.
False
A blue whale is a ___ selected species, an oyster is a ____ selected species, and an ocean sunfish is a ____ selected species.
k, r, r
Jellyfish populations have been _______ in many areas supposedly as a result of overfishing.
Increasing
Marine invertebrates are members of the Phylum Chordata.
False
The “immortal” jellyfish (Turritopsis nutriculata) is so-named for its ability to…
Revert to “juvenile” stage when stressed
The term ______ refers to an organism that floats freely in the water column, while the term _______ refers to an organism that can swim against the current.
Planktonic; Nektonic
Every year, red crabs (Gecarcoidea natalis) migrate from the forests of Christmas Island in southwest Indonesia to the sea. Until recently, over 120 million crabs made the journey. However, red crabs have recently undergone a noticeable decline. What is primarily responsible for this decline?
Introduction of the yellow crazy ant
Which of the following is not a subphyla of arthropods?
Cephalopoda
Infaunal organisms are those that…
Live between the grains of the sediments on the sea floor
Which of the following species of cartilaginous fish feeds primarily on plankton?
Manta ray
Which of the following has a motile or swimming zoospore phase as part of their life cycle?
Giant Kelp
Red algae gets its coloration because their pigment phycoerythrin absorbs which color of light?
Blue
How fast can the brown algae, giant kelp, grow in a day?
60 cm (26 in)
Which of the following groups of species is the most ancient?
Green Algae
Seaweeds and sea grasses are the most dominant autotrophs in the ocean
False
Phytoplankton are the dominant autotrophs in the oceans
True
Overall, the single habitat on earth that produces the most total biomass is:
Open ocean
Which of the following is an example of a meroplankton species?
Crab Larvae
Which of the following is not a reason scientists think zooplankton do vertical migration?
To photosynthesize
Due to their silica shells, diatoms are likely to experience problems from ocean acidification?
False
Which of the following is the largest species of shark?
Whale Shark
Are cartilaginous fish ectothermic or endothermic?
Ectothermic
Which of the following species is the most ancient?
Hag fish
True or False: All sharks are carnivores?
True
How much have the populations been reduced for most large species of sharks in the past 30 years?
90%
