Exam 2 Review Flashcards
TC AIM – Class A airspace – rules when operating in that airspace
a. TC AIM RAC 2.8.1 > Class A Airspace Class A airspace is designated where an operational need exists to exclude VFR aircraft. All operations must be conducted under IFR and are subject to ATC clearances and instructions. ATC separation is provided to all aircraft. All aircraft operating in Class A airspace must be equipped with a transponder and automatic pressure altitude reporting equipment, including ADS-B, as detailed in section 551.103 of the Airworthiness Manual Chapter 551 - Aircraft Equipment and Installation, available here: Class A airspace will be designated from the base of all high-level controlled airspace, or from 700 ft. AGL, whichever is higher, up to and including FL600.
b. MATS ACC > Flight Information > Information Service > Flight Hazards
i. If you observe, or if responsible agencies, individuals, or other pilots report conditions that may affect flight safety, inform pilots.
ii. If you notice or are aware of a hazard to the safety of aviation, immediately inform your supervisor.
iii. If you observe, or if responsible agencies, individuals, or other pilots relay to you information about aerodrome conditions that may affect flight safety, inform the aerodrome operator.
iv. If information is available, advise pilots when their aircraft has entered, or is about to enter, active Class F airspace[1] , airspace restricted by the Minister[2], an MOA, active American special-use airspace, or a TFR.
1. Class F airspace is defined in the Designated Airspace Handbook and is published on aeronautical charts. It may also be designated by NOTAM.
2. Airspace may be restricted by the Minister, via NOTAM, by invoking section 5.1 of the Aeronautics Act. The airspace restricted in these instances is not designated as Class F airspace.
Do not apply separation between an aircraft and Class F airspace or a Canadian Military Operations Area (MOA) if one of the following applies
- The aircraft is operating in an ALTRV.
- The pilot states having obtained permission from the user agency to enter the airspace.
- The user agency releases the airspace to the controlling agency[1].
- The pilot has been cleared for a contact or visual approach.
a. 1 The DAH states the times that Class F airspace is active. A user agency may release an area in part or in total when not in use to a controlling agency. In such cases, ATC may advise the aircraft that the airspace is inactive and issue
When using a CSiT situation display, ensure that the following settings are applied
- PPS brightness is at least one level higher than other elements on the display. *
- Data tags include minima as indicated in the following table
ii. Alpha – ACID, WAKE TURBULENCE CATEGORY, SFI, ALTITUDE READOUT, VMI, GROUND SPEED
iii. BRAVO – CJS, ALTITUDE,VML
iv. VFR – ALTITUDE, VMI
v. UNLINKED – ALTITUDE, VMI
a. MATS ACC > Service Fundamentals > Unit Fundamentals > Publications Comply with:
i. Unit procedures (They may supplement, but not contradict, procedures in this manual.)
ii. Directives
iii. Information Bulletins
iv. Director Approval Letters (DAL)
v. Information Circulars (AIC)
vi. Memorandums
vii. Agreements
viii. Arrangements
ix. Other items, as required
List the activities in Restricted airspace
a. High speed military exercises
b. Intercept operations
c. Naval activity
d. Live firing
e. Fisheries patrol
f. Drug patrol
a. MATS ACC > Traffic Management > Communication and Coordination > Flight Data Coordination > IFR Unit to IFR Unit
Forward the following to an IFR unit or sector
i. Revisions to previously passed data
ii. Control estimate time revisions of 3 minutes or more
Glossary - Same Track
In the application of separation, expression used by ATC to indicate identical tracks or tracks that converge or diverge at an angle of 1 to 44 inclusive.
Crossing track problems converge at what angle?
45-135 inclusive
a. MATS ACC > Traffic Management > Communication and Coordination > Flight Data Coordination > IFR Unit to IFR Unit > Verbal Coordination
i. Where a functioning CAATS data link provides control estimates, coordinate the following data verbally:[5]
1. Loss of RVSM certification due to an equipment failure in flight
2. Status of a non–RVSM aircraft authorized to operate in RVSM airspace
3. Identification of an altitude as wrong way
4. Identification of block altitudes
5. Identification of altitude readouts that are invalid or not validated
6. Identification of cruise climb altitudes
7. Automatic altitude reporting turned off
8. Aircraft transponder unserviceable, malfunctioning, set to standby, or turned off
9. The separation minima being applied in procedural airspace if less than 10 minutes longitudinal
10. Aircraft operating within an altitude reservation or engaged in an aerial survey mapping flight, or test flight
a. MATS ACC > ATS Surveillance > Identification > Identification Methods
i. You may use any of the following methods to identify an aircraft:
- Identification by Handoff or Point-Out
- Appropriate PPS Changes
- Flight Identification in ADS-B Data Tag
- Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
- Data Tag ACID in Adjacent Airspace
i. You may terminate vectoring of an aircraft, provided any of the following apply to the aircraft:
- It is cleared for an approach.
- It is cleared to hold.
- It is established on a cleared route without requiring navigation assistance-
a. An aircraft that is on a track that will intercecpt the “on course” within a reasonable distance is considered to be established on the cleared route. - Inform the pilot of:
a. Termination of vectoring, except when the aircraft has been cleared for an approach
b. Position of the aircraft when vectoring is terminated, unless you know the pilot has the information. When an aircraft has been vectored off its cleared route, clear the aircraft to the next waypoint or fix on its route of flight, or vector the aircraft back to a point on its original route.
ATS SURVEILLANCE CONTROL SERVICE
An air traffic control service provided with information derived from ATS surveillance equipment sources
ATS SURVEILLANCE SEPARATION
Spacing of aircraft in accordance with established minima, based on information derived from ATS surveillance.
ATS SURVEILLANCE ADVISORY
Advice and information based on ATS surveillance observations.
ATS SURVEILLANCE MONITORING
The use of ATS surveillance for providing aircraft with information and advice relative to significant deviations from their normal flight path.
NAVIGATIONAL ASSISTANCE
The provision of position information, vectors, or track and ground speed checks.
b. Example of navigation assistance: Informing an aircraft of the distance from their destination airport so they can plan an appropriate descent profile.
You may apply ATS surveillance control procedures, provided:
- The aircraft is identified.[2]
- The aircraft is in controlled airspace, except as described in Vectoring into Class G Airspace.
- You are in direct communication with the pilot, unless:[3] ◦
a. The aircraft has been cleared for an approach. ◦
b. You have transferred communication to the tower. - You are satisfied that the displayed ATS surveillance information is adequate
Vectoring into Class G Airspace
You may vector an aircraft into Class G airspace if you inform the pilot and obtain the pilot’s approval.
Situation Display
i. Display and monitor:
- Unlinked targets[1]
- CJSs
- Coast list in a full format showing all pertinent information (to enable prompt detection of newly de-linked aircraft)
- Altitude readouts (mode C)[2]
- Current weather data and history, as necessary, for the provision of severe weather information[3]
- VMI
- Appropriate geographic map
- Other features of the system may be used at your discretion. 1 Unlinked targets are displayed to ensure that you will have a target if de linkage occurs or to display aircraft for which no flight plan has been entered into Fusion.
i. Use a point out to obtain approval from another controller before permitting an identified aircraft to enter or infringe on that controller’s airspace when control and radio communication will not be transferred and either of the following situations applies:
- An aircraft will or may enter airspace that is under the jurisdiction of another controller.
- An aircraft will operate in the protected buffer zone dividing sector/unit boundaries as described in ATS Surveillance Separation From an ATS Surveillance Boundary
Unless you coordinate separation with the controller concerned, separate an ATS surveillance-controlled aircraft from the boundary of adjoining ATS surveillance airspace. If an adjacent sector applies a larger ATS surveillance minimum than your sector, apply additional separation from the sector boundary to ensure that aircraft are separated by at least the ATS surveillance separation minimum applied in that sector.
- If both adjoining sectors apply the 3 mile separation standard, maintain a 1.5 mile separation minimum from the common sector boundary.
- If either adjoining sector applies a 5 mile separation standard, maintain a 2.5 mile separation minimum from the common sector boundary.
- If either adjoining sector applies a 10-mile separation standard, maintain a 5- mile separation minimum from the common sector boundary.
a. Managers determine which sector applies the additional separation from the boundary.
Complete a handoff before the aircraft passes any of the following:
- The sector or unit boundary
- A designated control transfer point
Is a handoff transferring control?
No, a handoff is not transfer of control, however, coordination of control may be required or carried out coincidentally with a hand-off
TRANSFER OF CONTROL AND COMMUNICATIONS
The transferring unit must ensure that potential conflicts with other aircraft have been resolved prior to transferring control.
ii. 2 The receiving unit will assume control of an aircraft only after the aircraft is within their area of responsibility or control has been released by the transferring unit.
iii. 3 Transfer of radio communication must be affected before an aircraft enters the receiving unit’s area of responsibility
c. SOM 204 – Transfer of Control A. Within Martin ACC, transfer of control for climb, descent, speed changes and turns shall be coincident with the hand-off. Verbal coordination of control transfer is required prior to the hand-off when there is conflicting traffic.
Do not clear a non-RVSM aircraft to enter RVSM airspace unless the aircraft is any of the following:
- A state aircraft
- On an initial delivery flight
- An aircraft that was formerly RVSM-certified but has experienced an equipment failure and is being flown to a maintenance facility for repair/re certification
- A mercy or humanitarian flight
- A photographic survey aircraft[8]
- Conducting a flight check of a NAVAID
- Conducting a monitoring/certification or developmental flight
Provided a non-RVSM aircraft will be separated from other aircraft by the applicable vertical, lateral, or longitudinal separation minimum, you may do either of the following:
Clear the aircraft to climb or descend through RVSM airspace.[10]
Level-off the aircraft in RVSM airspace for traffic management
a. MATS ACC > Traffic Management > Clearances and Instructions > Amending Clearances or Instructions
If a pilot requests a flight plan change:
i. Approve the change and include the exact nature of the change in the clearance.
ii. If you are unable to approve the change, provide the following to the pilot:
1. The reason for non-approval
2. If appropriate, a suggested alternative
c. MATS ACC > Traffic Management > Clearances and Instructions > Issuing and Relaying > Correcting a Clearance or Instruction
Identify and correct any errors made during delivery of a clearance or instruction. If there is any possibility of misunderstanding, cancel and restate the clearance in full.
You may assign an altitude inappropriate to the direction of flight in the following situations:
- An aircraft is doing any of the following:
a. Holding
b. Arriving
c. Departing
d. Conducting a flight check of a NAVAID
e. Operating within an altitude reservation
f. Engaged in an aerial survey, mapping flight, or test flight
g. Operating on a polar route
h. Transitioning to or from oceanic airspace within 200 miles along the aircraft track from the oceanic entry or exit point
Issue vectors or offset tracks to establish an aircraft at least 5 miles from the centreline of the airway or published track otherwise authorized if:
- The aircraft is in high-level surveillance-controlled airspace.
- You are assigning an altitude inappropriate to the direction of flight in one of the following situations: ◦
a. No alternate separation minima can be applied. ◦
b. A pilot requested an inappropriate altitude because of icing, turbulence, or fuel considerations, and has informed you of the time or location at which the flight can be cleared to an appropriate altitude that has already been approved by affected sectors or units. *
c. The airway or published track is shown on the display
Rules for Mach Number adherence
Within CDA, aircraft shall adhere to the Mach number assigned by ATC,
to within 0.01 Mach, unless approval is obtained from ATC to make a
change or until the pilot receives the initial descent clearance
approaching destination
When does CAATS start planning/profiling a flight plan for an aircraft
a. In the ACC environment, profiling begins as soon as the aircraft state changes to airborne at which time the aircraft becomes a concern for the IFR controller
b. Flight Profile Trajectory or its graphic representation, followed by an aircraft in flight and defined by its altitude, speed, distance flown and manoeuvre
c. Once CAATS has flight plan information, it creates a flight profile.
- Profiling in CAATS – pieces of information required for developing this in CAATS
a. Filed flight-planned altitude, true air speed and route, wind information
- Advantages of going direct
Avoid known weather situations
ii. Reduced fuel burn due to shorter distance flown
iii. Take advantage of aircraft navigational capability
iv. Conflict resolution (other aircraft or reserved airspace such as CYR496)
v. Providing better service
a. MATS ACC > Separation > Separation Basics
To ensure an expeditious flow of traffic, operate as closely to the prescribed minimum as circumstances permit. If exceptional circumstances call for extra caution, apply greater separation than the specified minimum.
MATS ACC > Separation > Separation Basics
f the type of separation or the minimum used to separate aircraft cannot be maintained, take action to ensure that another type of separation exists, or another minimum is established, before the current separation becomes
insufficient.
MATS ACC > Separation > Separation Basics > Control Estimates
Base control decisions on ATC estimates and aircraft performance. Verify the estimate and aircraft performance using position reports over fixes, or as determined by radio aids, ATS surveillance, RNAV, or visual means that accurately define the position of the aircraft.
MATS ACC > Separation > Separation Basics > Control Estimates
Use aircraft estimates to verify ATC estimates. If a discrepancy exists between an aircraft estimate and an ATC estimate for the same reporting point, and separation could be affected:
1. Check the accuracy of the ATC estimate.
2. If a discrepancy remains, request the pilot to check the aircraft estimate.
3. If a discrepancy still exists, take appropriate action to ensure that separation is not compromised.
MATS ACC > Separation > Separation Basics > Control Estimates
When separating aircraft, the estimated time may not be correct. If an expected report does not arrive and flight safety is likely to be jeopardized, obtain the report no more than 5 minutes after the estimated time over a reporting point. Otherwise, obtain the report as soon as feasible
You may assign an altitude inappropriate to the direction of flight in the following
situations:
You may assign an altitude inappropriate to the direction of flight in the following
situations:
* The following conditions apply:
◦ No alternate separation minima can be applied.
◦ The altitude has been approved by affected sectors/units.
◦ The aircraft will be cleared to an appropriate altitude as soon as the
conditions permit.
