Exam 2 Review Flashcards
On a permanent anterior crown, what entity has the smallest surface area?
Incisal Edge
What is the sequence of the first evidence of calcification of Primary Dentition?
- Central Incisor
- 1st Molar
- Lateral Incisor
- Canine
- 2nd Molar
What are the first primary teeth roots to completely form and in how long?
In 1.5 years:
- Maxillary Central Incisors
- Mandibular Central Incisors
- Mandibular Lateral Incisors
What is happening at six years of age?
What permanent crowns have completed calcification?
- Anterior tooth spacing has stopped expanding
- Permanent 1st molars erupt (but not completely calcified)
- All crowns on the permanent incisors, first premolars and first molars have completely calcified
What is the order of calcification in permanent mandibular teeth? (from first to last)
- First molar
- Central/Lateral incisors
- Canine
- Premolars
- 2nd Molar
- 3rd Molar
What is the order of eruption of mandibular permanent teeth? (from first to last)
- 1st Molar
- Central Incisor
- Lateral Incisor
- Canine
- 1st Premolar
- 2nd Premolar
- 2nd Molar
- 3rd Molar
At 8 years of age, what is going on with the 3rd molars?
The 3rd Molars have not initiated calcification (happens at 9 years)
** This will be the only INCORRECT one **
What type of mammalian phylogenetic development has 3 cusps in a primary triangle?
Tritubercular Molar
What are the facial reference angles for each of the mandibular teeth?
- Central Incisor - 2 degrees
- Lateral Incisor - 0 degrees
- Canine - 6 degrees
- First Premolar - 6 degrees
- Second Premolar - 9 degrees
- First Molar - 10 degrees
- Second Molar - 14 degrees
In the maxillary anterior teeth, what are the locations of the proximal contacts?
- Midline - Incisal third
- Distal of Central - Junction of incisal & middle thirds
- Mesial of Lateral - Junction of incisal & middle thirds
- Distal of Lateral - Middle third
- Mesial of Canine - Junction of incisal & middle thirds
- Distal of Canine - Middle third
Which periodontal fibers are known to resist forceful impaction of a tooth into the alveolus, consistent with trauma?
Oblique Fibers
What is the smallest and largest embrasure in the facial view of the maxillary posterior teeth?
- Smallest - occlusal embrasure between _1st and 2nd Molars _
- Largest - occlusal embrasure between the Canine and 1st Premolar
What do Primary Teeth have that are different than Permanent Teeth?
- Thinner dentin
- Thinner enamel
- Taller pulp horns
- **Proportionally larger pulp chambers**
The Primary Maxillary Lateral Incisor in the incisal view.
- ) How does the crown taper?
- ) What is the incisal ridge curved towards?
- ) The distolingual profile is slightly _______?
- ) Describe the lingual fossa.
- ) Is there a cingulum?
- Lingually
- The facial surface
- Concave
- Modestly deep
- Yes!
On the occlusal view of the Primary Maxillary Second Molar -
- ) How many cusps are on this tooth?
- ) _What is the larges_t/smallest cusp?
- ) What is the shape of the crown outline?
- ) What does the distinct transverse ridge involve?
- ) What does the transverse groove of the oblique ridge cross and connect?
- 5 cusps
- Largest - Mesiolingual, smallest - Cusp of Carabelli
- Somewhat Rhomboidal - distal crown convergence
- Traingular ridges of the mesially-positioned cusps
- Crosses the oblique ridge and connects the central pit with the distal pit
In the facial view of the Primary Mandibular First Molar -
- ) The mesial surface outline is relatively ____?
- ) Where are the proximal contact areas?
- ) Which cusp is larger and taller?
- ) Where does the cervical line point on the mesial half of the tooth?
- ) Which root is much longer and more straight?
- Flat (not convex)
- Occlusal portion of the middle third (almost to the junction
- Mesiofacial > Distofacial
- Apically onto the mesial root surface
- Mesial root > Distal root
Dental Anomalies
Fusion is a condition when 1.) __________, is the union of two adjacent 2.) __________, and always involves 3.) ___________?
Concrescence is the 4.) __________ of roots of approximating teeth by way of the deposition of only 5.) ____________?
- Two roots combine into one crown
- Tooth germs
- Dentin
- Superficial union
- Cementum
Permanent Maxillary Central Incisor - Incisal View
- The crest of the cingulum is ___________ to the mediodistal bisecting plane of the crown.
- The facial surface outline between the mesiofacial and distofacial line angles is __________.
- Slightly Distal
- Relatively Straight
When differentiating between Maxillary Central & Lateral Incisors - what will help you differentiate, what will not?
Will help differentiate:
- Size
- Angularity
- Root curvature
Will NOT help differentiate:
- Crests of Cingulum on both incisors
- Presence of lingual fossa
In the mesial view of the Permanent Mandibular Lateral Incisors -
1.) The incisal ridge will be _______ to the faciolingual long axis bisector of the tooth.
**The crest of the 2.) _______ cervical ridge will be higher incisally than the crest of the 3.)________ cervical ridge.
The cervical line curves 4.)________ to a lower level on the distal surface than on the mesial.
A broad root depression will exist for 5.) _________?
- Lingual
- Facial
- Lingual
- Incisally
- Most of the root length
In the distal view of the Permanent Maxillary Canine -
The cusp tip is aligned with the 1.) _________ and the 2.)__________?
There is a pronounced concavity, which is 3.) ________ to the distal contact area.
- Apex of the root (root tip)
- Height of curvature of the cervical line
- Cervical
Incisal View - Permanent Mandibular Canine
- What is the shape of the crown outline?
The crown is bulkier on the 2.) ________ than on the 3.) _______? (it tapers toward the 4.) _______)
- Which measurement is greater, the faciolingual or the mesiodistal?
- Diamond - like the maxillary canine
- Facial
- Lingual
- Lingual
- Faciolingual
Permanent Maxilary First Premolar - Mesial View
The proximal contact area is located just cervical to the 1.) _________ and facial to the 2.) ___________.
- Facial segment of the mesial marginal ridge
- Mesial marginal developmental groove
Permanent Maxillary First Premolar - Occlusal
- ) Where is the facial cusp tip in regards to the mesiodistal bisector?
- ) The cusp tip is also _______ the distance from the facial outline to the faciolingual bisector of the crown.
- Distal
- One-third
Permanent Maxillary Second Premolar - Occlusal
- ) How are the mesial and distal traingular fossae shaped?
- ) When compared to the triangular fossae on the maxillary first premolar, where are the fossae located?
Which gives them a 3.) _________ and 4.) __________?
- Irregularly Shaped
- Nearer to the center of the tooth
- Short Central Groove
- Wide Marginal Ridges
Permanent Mandibular First Premolar - Mesial View
Where is the central groove positioned?
On the LINGUAL portion of the crown
Permanent Mandibular First Premolar - Occlusal View
- How does the traingular ridge of the facial cusp compare to the traingular ridge of the lingual cusp?
- The triangular ridge of the facial cusp is very long, lingual is very short
Facial is much bigger
Permanent Mandibular Premolars
What are the ways to differentiate between 1st and 2nd Premolars?
What will not help differentiate?
- Occlusal table shape
- Number of cusps
- Lingual groove presence
- Central pit presence
Would not help:
- Central groove presence
- Mesiolingual groove
Permanent Maxillary First Molar - Facial view
The lingual root is evident and is the 1.) __________ of the 3 roots by about 2.) ______. It’s apex is in line with the 3.) ___________ when viewed from this aspect.
- Longest
- 1.0mm
- Facial Groove (not lined up with any cusp tip)
Permanent Maxillary First Molar - mesia view
What are 2 (1., 2.) characteristics of the root surface depression?
- ) What does it encompass?
- ) Does the root surface depression come above the cervical line?
- Relatively wide
- Shallow
- Cervical, Middle and Apical (small portion) third of the root
- _No - it doesn’t extend occlusally across the cervical line onto the crown. _
Permanent Maxillary First Molar - distal view
The apex of the lingual root is vertically positioned between what?
The greatest lingual contour of the crown and the tip of the distolingual cusp
***Not lined up with any cusp tip***
Occlusal Aspect - Permanent Maxillary First Molar
Each cusp has well developed cuspal ridges that extend 1.) _________ from the tip of the respective cusp.
The longest cuspal ridge is the 2.) __________?
- Laterally (mesially and distally)
- Distal cusp ridge of the Mesiolingual cusp
Permanent Maxillary Second Molar - Occlusal view
There is no 1.) ________ on the maxillary second molars.
- Separate Distal Pit (from the distal triangular pit)
What are the names of the pits on the occlusal aspect of the Permanent Maxillary Third Molars?
- Central Pit
- Mesial Triangular Pit
- Distal Triangular Pit
Permanent Mandibular First Molar - facial aspect
What are the cusps from tallest to shortest?
- Mesiolingual
- Mesiofacial
- Distofacial
- Distolingual
- Distal
Facial view - Permanent Mandibular First Molar
- ) Where is the cervical ridge located?
- ) Where is the lateral depression located?
- ) How many facial grooves are there, and what are their names?
- In the Mesial 2/3rds of the mesiodistal width of the tooth
- In the middle third (not in cervical third)
- 2 - Mesiofacial, Distofacial - neither of them cross the cervical line
Permanent Mandibular First Molar - Mesial Aspect
The lingual cusp tip is vertically lined up with what?
Lingual root ouline, in the middle (cervical - on slide) one-third of the root.
Permanent Mandibular First Molar - Distal view
What do the apices of the two roots line up with what?
No discernible anatomical entity
Permanent Mandibular First Molar - Occlusal view
What is the most facially and most mesially placed cusp tip?
- Facially - Distofacial cusp
- Mesially - Mesiolingual cusp
Permanent Mandibular Second Molar - Facial view
Which cusp is slightly wider, the distofacial or the mesiofacial?
The mesiofacial cusp is slightly wider than the _distofacial cusp. _
Mesial view - Permanent Mandibular Second Molar
The facial outline of the crown has a 1.) _________ measurement than the lingual crown, as it is measured from the 2.) _________ to the 3.) ____________.
- ) Which cusp tips are more pointed?
- ) The groove crossing the mesial marginal ridge and the central groove are both located __________ to the faciolingual bisector.
- Longer
- Cervical Line
- Respective Cusp Tip
- The lingual cusp tips are more pointed than the facial cusp tips
- Lingual
Occlusal - Permanent Mandibular Second Molar
The central pit forms where the 1.) _______, _______ and _______ grooves meet and is located on the 4.) ___________ half of the crown.
- Facial, Lingual and Central grooves
- Lingual
Mesial view - Permanent Mandibular Third Molar
What is the angle of the triangular ridges of both the facial and lingual cusps?
40 degrees
Occlusal view - Permanent Mandibular Third Molar
Which line angle is the most angled and sharpest?
Mesiolingual Line Angle
Permanent Maxillary First Premolar - Mesial
The length of the root trunk will vary but usually the 1.)_________ of the root system will definitely present a facial and lingual root.
This tooth has a deep 2.) __________ that crosses the 3.)_____________.
- Apical 1/4 (bifurcation)
- Root Depression
- Cervical Line
Lingual view - Permanent Maxillary First Molar
There is a 1.) ________ developmental depression in the 2.) ___________ of the lingual (palatal) root that consistantly extends occlusally from the root surface and across the 3.) ___________ onto the 4.) ___________ of the crown.
- Shallow
- Middle one-third
- Cervical line
- Cervical third
Permanent Maxillary Central Incisors
- In the cervical cross-section, describe the pulp chamber.
- From a facial view, how many distinct horns are in the pulp chamber?
- It is wider on the facial aspect than on the lingual aspect
- 3 distinct pulp horns
Permanent Mandibular Canine
What are the percentages of the following:
One canal?
Two canals?
One root?
Two Roots?
3 Canals?
- One Canal - 90%
- Two Canals - 10%
- One Root - 95%
- Two Roots - 5%
- _Three Canals - 0% _
Maxillary First Premolar
What are the following percentages?
Two Canals?
One Canal?
Three Canals?
Two Roots?
One Root?
Three Roots?
- Two Canals - 83%
- One Canal - 12%
- Three Canals - 2%
- Two Roots - 75%
- One Root - 23%
- Three Roots - 2%
Permanent Maxillary First Molar
The percentage of time in the Mesiofacial root with two or more canals is what?
59.2%
