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Special Species > Exam 2 (Reptiles + Birds) > Flashcards

Exam 2 (Reptiles + Birds) Flashcards

1
Q

What does CITES stand for?

A

Convention on international Trade in Endangered Species

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2
Q

Uricotelic: Definition

A

excretes uric acid instead of BUN

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3
Q

Ecdysis: Definition

A

sheds skin

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4
Q

Oviparous: Definition

A

lays eggs

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5
Q

Ovoviviparous: Definition

A

Lays eggs that immediately hatch

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6
Q

Viviparous: Definition

A

live birth

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7
Q

Stenothermal: Definition

A

narrow acceptable zone

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8
Q

Eurythermal: Definition

A

wide acceptable zone

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9
Q

how long do you quarantine newly acquired animals?

A

At least 90 days

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10
Q

What chemicals should be avoided when cleaning a reptile’s cage?

A

phenols

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11
Q

T/F: UVA is necessary for producing Vit. D3.

A

False

UVB is needed

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12
Q

How often should the UV light be replaced?

A

every 6mo

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13
Q

What are the humidity levels for Subtropical, Temperate, and Desert?

A

Subtropic - 70-90%
Temperate - 60-80%
Desert - 30-50%

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14
Q

Chelonian: Radiografic Views

A

DV, Lat, CrCd

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15
Q

Fluid Rate: Reptiles

A

15-30 ml/kg/day

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16
Q

What Anti-parasitic drug should be avoided in chelonians?

A

ivermectin

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17
Q

Gout: Definition

A

depostion of uric acid/salts in viscera

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18
Q

Gout: Etiology

A

dehydration, high protein diet

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19
Q

Gout: Signs

A

renal dz, dec. mobility

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20
Q

Gout: Dx

A

chem, rads, biopsy

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21
Q

Gout: Tx

A

inc. water, dec. protein

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22
Q

Reptile Hypovit. A: Signs

A

bilateral blepharoedema, naso-ocular discharge, lethargy, anorexia

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23
Q

Reptile Hypovit. A: Dx

A

serum assay

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24
Q

Reptile Hypovit. A: Tx

A

correct diet

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25
Q

Pyramiding: Etiology

A

humidity, energy intake

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26
Q

Pyramiding: Appearance

A

tortoise shell become pyramidal

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27
Q

Thiamine Deficiency: History

A

frozen fish diet

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28
Q

Thiamine Deficiency: Signs

A

neuro signs

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29
Q

Thiamine Deficiency: Tx

A

B1 injections

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30
Q

Cryptosporidiosis: Signs

A

dehydration, regurg, mid-bidy swelling

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31
Q

Cryptosporidiosis: Dx

A

acid fast of regurg

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32
Q

Cryptosporidiosis: Tx

A

none

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33
Q

Coccidiosis: Signs

A

stunted, diarrhea

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34
Q

Coccidiosis: Tx

A

ponazuril

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35
Q

Snake Mite: Signs

A

anemia

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36
Q

Iridovirus: Susceptible Species

A

chelonian, lizards

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37
Q

Iridovirus: Signs

A

stomatits, rhnitis, conjucntivitis

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38
Q

Iridovirus: Dx

A

basophilic inclusion bodies

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39
Q

Iridovirus: Tx

A

supportive

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40
Q

Herpesvirus: Signs

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis, stomatitis, pneumonia

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41
Q

Herpesvirus: Dx

A

PCR

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42
Q

Herpesvirus: Tx

A

supportive

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43
Q

Reptile Mycoplasmosis: Signs

A

naso-ocular discharge, conjunctivitis, palpebral edema

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44
Q

Reptile Mycoplasmosis: Dx

A

culture, ELISA, PCR

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45
Q

Reptile Mycoplasmosis: Tx

A

Tetracycline

46
Q

Adenovirus: Susceptible Species

A

lizards and snakes

47
Q

Adenovirus: Signs

A

acute depression, anorexia, diarrhea, paresis

48
Q

Adenovirus: Dx

49
Q

Adenovirus: Tx

A

supportive

50
Q

Paramyxovirus: Susceptible Species

A

lizards and snakes

51
Q

Paramyxovirus: Signs

A

naso-oral discharge, neuroligic

52
Q

Paramyxovirus: Dx

A

hemaglutination inhibition assay, viral iso

53
Q

Paramyxovirus: Tx

A

supportive

54
Q

Cage Layer Fatigue: Definition

A

osteoporosis from egg laying

55
Q

Manganese Deficiency: Signs

A

perosis (shortening and twisting of long bones) => gastronemius tendon displacement

56
Q

Vit. E Deficiency: Signs

A

exudative diathesis (concurrent selenium deficiency), muscular dystrophy (white streaks)

57
Q

Avian Vit. A Deficiency: Signs

A

squamous epithelium metaplasia, ataxia, swollen eyes, blunted/missing choanal papillae, hyperkeratosis

58
Q

Niacin Deficiency: Signs

A

swollen hocks, bowed legs

59
Q

Ribflavin Deficiency: Signs

A

curled toed paralysis, diarrhea

60
Q

Avian Influenza: Serovars

A

H5N1, H7N9

61
Q

Avian Influenza: Mild Form - Signs

A

respiratory and GI signs, ischemia + cyanosis of legs and comb

62
Q

Newcastle Dz: Forms

A

lentogenic, mesogenic, velogenic, viscerotopic velogenic (reportable)

63
Q

Newcastle Dz: Lentogenic Signs

A

min. to none

64
Q

Newcastle Dz: Mesogenic Signs

A

torticollis, respiratory + GI signs

65
Q

Newcastle Dz: Velogenic Signs

A

rapid spread, sever respiratory signs, diarrhea, paralysis

66
Q

Newcastle Dz: Viscertopic Velogenic Signs

A

faster and more sever than velogenic form

67
Q

Infectious Laryngotracheitis: Signs

A

respiratory distress, head shaking, tracheal hemorrhage

68
Q

Fowl Pox: Forms

69
Q

Fowl Pox: Dry Form Signs

A

warty nodules on face, comb, + wattle

70
Q

Fowl Pox: Wet Form Signs

A

white nodules on oropharynx, layrnx, + trachea

71
Q

Fowl Cholera: Signs

A

Acute - respiratory distress, green diarrhea

Chronic - caseous snood, joints + wattle

72
Q

Infectious Coryza: Signs

A

nasal discharge, facial edema

73
Q

Avian Mycoplasmosis: Signs

A

airsacculitis (turkeys), venereal dz

74
Q

Avian Infectious Bronchitis: Signs

A

abnormal eggs, despiratory distress

75
Q

Tuberculosis: Signs

A

emaciation, diarrhea, soiled tail feathers

76
Q

Which Salmomella serovar is zoonotic?

A

paratyphoid

77
Q

Pollorum Dz (Salmonella): Signs

A

bacillary white diarrhea, soiled vent/tail feathers

78
Q

Paratyphoid: Signs

A

dehydration, enteritis, SI necrosis

79
Q

Arizonosis: Signalment

A

turkey poults less than 3wks

80
Q

Arizonosis: Signs

A

diarrhea, neuro, poor growth

81
Q

Clostridium colinum: Signs

A

ulcerative enteritis

82
Q

Clostridium perfringens: Signs

A

necrotic enteritis

83
Q

Duck Viral Enteritis: Signs

A

bloody diarrhea + conjunctivites (reportable)

84
Q

Erysipelas: Signs

A

depression, ataxia, dark red skin

85
Q

Hemorrhagic Enteritis: Signalment

86
Q

Infectious Bursal Dz: Signs

A

atrophy of bursa => immunosuppression

87
Q

Marek’s Dz: Signs

A

lymphoid infiltration of nerves => unilateral leg paralysis, blindness

88
Q

Bird: Types

A

psittacines - hookbill
passerines - straight bills
columbiformes - pigeons/doves

89
Q

Where do you palpate to assess BCS?

90
Q

T/F: The is coelom is the “opening” to the abdomen caudal to the keel

91
Q

What is Tophi?

A

uric acid deposition in the skin/joints

92
Q

How much blood is safe to take from a bird?

93
Q

Avian Venipuncure: Sites

A

jugular, ulnar, medial metatarsal, toenail

94
Q

T/F: Avian hemoglobin is broken down into bilirubin.

A

False

It’s broken down into biliverdin

95
Q

What is the only epithelial gland in the bird?

A

uropygial (preen) gland

96
Q

T/F: Unkempt feathers are a sign of illness in Juvenile birds.

A

False

juvenile birds will have unpreened, stress bars, and trauma.

97
Q

“Red Mite”: Presentation

A

scaly face and legs

98
Q

T/F: Birds only have a right ovary.

A

False

they only have a left

99
Q

Egg Binding: Definition

A

extended time of egg in transit

100
Q

Egg Binding: Tx

A

fluids, Ca, analgesia, extraction

101
Q

What drug is used to suspend egg laying?

102
Q

Papillomatosis: Etiology

A

herpesvirus

103
Q

Papillomatosis: Signs

A

oral/cloacal papillomas

104
Q

Papillomatosis: Tx

A

sx removal

105
Q

Psittacine Beak and Feather Dz: Etiology

A

Circovirus

106
Q

PBFD: Signs

A

feather dystrophy

107
Q

PBFD: Tx

108
Q

Avian Bornavirus: Signs

A

dilated proventriculus => wasting, crop stasis, falling

109
Q

Chlamydia psittaci: Signs

A

respiratory and liver signs (zoonotic)

110
Q

Chlamydia psittaci: Tx

A

Doxycyline

Special Species (2 decks)

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