exam 2 quiz corrections

Question 1

Compare and contrast sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction.

Answer 1

Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring that are genetically unique.

Question 2

Define crossing over and list the phase in which it occurs.

Answer 2

Crossing over occurs during prophase I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant chromosome sister chromatids

Question 3

Why must sex cells first undergo meiosis before fertilization?

Answer 3

To create haploid gametes that will be used in fertilization; need to reduce the number of chromosomes to n in order to correctly yield a 2n (diploid) organism during fertilization, if not problems may occur

Question 4

Discuss two ways meiosis contributes to genetic variation.

Answer 4

Crossing over; random lining up of chromosomes at equator

Question 5

Although mitosis and meiosis both involve cell division, they transmit genetic material in very different ways. What happens when either of these processes goes awry?

Answer 5

Cancer; mutations

Question 6

List four examples of genetic variation

Answer 6

Answers vary; should NOT include: interbreeding, cross-fertilization, or other events that contribute to genetic diversity, this question is asking for examples such as hair color, eye color, hairline, thumb type, etc

Question 7

Interpret: What is the rate of pancreatic cancer for 62-year-old males?

Answer 7

40

Question 8

Interpret: What gender and age experiences the highest rate of pancreatic cancer?

Answer 8

Males, 77 yo