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Neuroanatomy CNS > Exam 2 - Practice Questions > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Practice Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Things that you see, hear, and touch are examples of what kind of stimuli?

A

Exteroceptive

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2
Q

The erector spinae is innervated by neurons found in the ___?

A

Medial ventral horn

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3
Q

How much was the per month rent for my kansas city apartment

A

100

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4
Q

Where are alpha motor neurons found?

A

Gray matter of spinal cord

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5
Q

Proprioceptive sensation of the lower limb is carried by which tract?

A

Gracile

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6
Q

Sensory information arriving at one side of the body or head typically reaches the cerebral cortex of the contralateral side. The axons that cross the midline to accomplish this are the axons of?

A

2nd order neurons

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7
Q

What tract turns your head in response to stimuli?

A

Tectospinal

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8
Q

The nucleus dorsalis is located in the spinal cord at the segment levels ___?

A

T1-L2

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9
Q

Most reflexes are simple and require synapses within only one spinal segment. Which reflex requires synapses over several spinal segments?

A

Withdrawal reflex

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10
Q

Which does not contain corticobular fibers?

A

Lateral corticospinal

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11
Q

Which contains descending upper motor fibers?

A

All of the above

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12
Q

Which pathway carries pain sensation to the cerebrum?

A

Spinothalamic

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13
Q

A 58-year-old women complains of left hand weakness that she noticed while planting flowers in her garden. Neurological examination indicates weak wrist and finger flexion and extension. She also has weakness when abducting, adducting, and opposing her thumb. All other motor and sensory tests are normal?

A

Right precentral gyrus

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14
Q

A 52-year-old woman unable to move her left leg visits your office. Sensory modalities in all of her limbs are retained and there appears to be no sign of weakness in any of her other limbs. In which of the following structures are the cell bodies of lower motor neurons innervating the lower limb located?

A

Lamina VIII and IX

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15
Q

Where do the fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract cross?

A

Midline of the spinal cord

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16
Q

A 63-year-old man has a loss of discriminative touch, vibratory sense and proprioception on his right arm. Where are the cell bodies for the second order neurons in the pathway located?

A

Cuneate nucleus

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17
Q

The lamina of Rexed (spinal lamina of the gray matter) that collectively form the posterior horn of the spinal cord are?

A

Lamina I - VI

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18
Q

A simultaneous and opposite pattern of activity in the contralateral limb is known as?

A

Crossed effects

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19
Q

A 35-year-old roofer is examined in the emergency department after falling two stories and landing abdomen first on a barrel. Examination reveals weakness and loss of pain and temperature sensation in the left and right lower limbs. What area of the CNS is most likely involved?

A

Anterior spinal cord

20
Q

The area of skin that is innervated by a single nerve and its receptors is called a ___?

A

Receptive field

21
Q

What are the posterior columns?

A

Gracile and cuneate fascicles

22
Q

What are the crossing fibers originating from the gracile nucleus called?

A

Internal arcuate fibers

23
Q

The posterior spinocerebellar tract originates from which nucleus?

A

Dorsal thoracic

24
Q

Neurons in the spinal ganglia are ___?

A

Pseudounipolar

25
Q

Why is the cervical region of the spinal cord the largest?

A

It contains the most amount of white matter

26
Q

What is the primary transmitter secreted at the neuromuscular junction?

A

Acetylcholine

27
Q

Aging on motor units results in?

A

Loss of motor neurons from the cord and stem

28
Q

Which is a stretch receptor?

A

Muscle spindle

29
Q

What is the function of the primary afferent sensory?

A

Measure rate of stretch

30
Q

What is the function of the secondary afferent sensory?

A

Measure how long stretch lasts

31
Q

What provides levels of awareness?

A

Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS)

32
Q

The reticular formation is located where?

A

In the tegmentum of the midbrain, pons and medulla

33
Q

What are the specialized epithelial cells that act as touch receptors?

A

Merkel disc

34
Q

Territory from which a sensory unit can be excited?

A

Receptive field

35
Q

Receptors that respond to stimuli from the internal environment are?

A

Interoceptors

36
Q

What type of receptor is follicular?

A

Mechanoreceptor

37
Q

Which detects pain?

A

Nociceptor

38
Q

What dermatome is present in the upper extremity?

A

C7

39
Q

Aging on the motor unit results in?

A

Loss of motor neurons from the cord and stem

40
Q

Which receptor responds to excessive contraction?

A

Golgi

41
Q

Which reflex has crossed effects?

A

Withdrawal reflex

42
Q

2nd order neurons are found in ___?

A

Nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis

43
Q

What are the fibers that cross in the medulla?

A

Internal arcuate fibers

44
Q

Which pathway carries pain?

A

Spinothalamic

45
Q

2nd order neuron nucleus of the posterior spinocerebellar tract lie where?

A

Dorsal Nucleus of Clarke

46
Q

The kinetic/active/dynamic equilibrium sensory organ is located where?

A

Cristae of the semicircular canals

47
Q

Which ganglion is responsible for the pupillary light reflex?

A

Ciliary ganglion

Neuroanatomy CNS (6 decks)

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