Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy of speech and hearing > Exam 2: Phonation > Flashcards

Exam 2: Phonation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the corniculate carilages?

A

Assist in forceful adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where are the cuneiform cartilages located?

A

Embedded in the aryepiglottic folds
-floaters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the cuneiform cartilages?

A

Support and stiffen aryepiglottic folds - especially functional in closing and opening larynx during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the location and function of the cricoarytenoid joint?

A

Saddle joint at the base of arytenoid and top of the cricoid
-allows vocal folds to be adducted and abducted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the location and function of the cricothyroid joint?

A

-located between lateral cricoid surface and inferior horn of the thyroid
- Used for pitch adjustment, increases tension on vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the vestibule located?

A
  • area above false vocal folds
  • Supraglottal space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is the Aryepiglottic fold?

A

Superior margin of vestibule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are the ventricular folds?

A

Inferior boundary of aditus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infraglottal space

A

Superior margin - vocal fold
Inferior margin - cricoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the laryngeal ventricle?

A

Space between the true and false vocal folds
inside - mucous gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where are the vocal folds?

A

Under Ventricle
- attached to the interior of thyroid angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the Pyriform Sinus?

A

Bounded laterally by thyroid cartilage & cartilage membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the valleculae?

A

Between root of the tongue and epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Glottis?

A

The space between the true vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an Extrinsic muscle?

A

A muscle that has one attachment to the laryngeal structure and one attachment outside
Function: position/support larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an intrinsic muscle?

A

A muscle that has the origin and insertion located within the larynx
Function: open and close the larynx and vary length and tension of VF to change pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 5 intrinsic muscles?

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA)
Arytenoid (Interarytenoid - IA)
Posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA)
Cricothyroid (CT)
Thyroarytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle (LCA)?

A

Function: adduct vocal folds & increase medial compression
Course: up and back
INTRINSIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the location of the Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle (LCA)?

A

Origin: Superior lateral surface, cricoid
Insertion: muscular process arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of the Transverse Arytenoid Muscle?

A

Function: adduct vocal folds
Course: laterally
ONLY UNPAIRED INTRINSIC MUSCLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the Transverse Arytenoid muscle?

A

Origin: lateral margin; posterior arytenoid
Insertion: lateral margin of opposite arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the function of the Oblique Arytenoid Muscle?

A

Function: adducts Vocal Folds
Course: Obliquely up

23
Q

Where is the Oblique Arytenoid Muscle?

A

Origin: posterior base of muscular process
Insertion: Apex of opposite arytenoid

24
Q

Define the Bernoulli Effect

A

Given a constant volume flow, there will be a decrease in pressure perpendicular to the flow (on the wall) and an increase in velocity at a point of constriction in the flow

25
Q

According to the Bernoulli Effect, if constrict tube and volume is held same what happens to the velocity (rate)?

A

The velocity increases

26
Q

What are the 3 stages of phonation?

A
  1. Onset
  2. Sustained phonation
  3. Offset
27
Q

What are the 3 types of vocal attacks?

A

Simultaneous attack “zero”
Breathy attack “hairy”
Glottal attack “aesop”

28
Q

What is a simultaneous attack “zero”?

A

breath stream starts as folds adduct

29
Q

What is a breathy attack “hairy”?

A

Breath stream starts before folds adduct

30
Q

What is a glottal attack “aesop”?

A

Breath stream starts after folds adduct

31
Q

What happens in the Offset Stage?

A

Phonation is terminated when vocal folds abduct. Once vocal folds are far enough apart the pressure drops and the folds will no longer sick together

32
Q

Fundamental Frequency

A

Lowest frequency of the complex phonatory source

33
Q

Optimal Frequency

A

The average fundamental frequency at which vocal folds vibrate most efficiently (resonant frequency)

34
Q

Habitual Frequency

A

The average fundament frequency at which an individual’s vocal folds vibrate during normal speech

35
Q

Average rate of vibration for children

A

250 Hz

36
Q

Average rate of vibration for males

A

120 Hz

37
Q

Average rate of vibration for females

A

220 Hz

38
Q

What happens during onset?

A

The attack stage that occurs when the vocal folds adduct

39
Q

what happens during sustained phonation?

A

The holding out of phonation, it is kept going by the combination of subglottal pressure, glottal airflow, intraoral pressure, degree of constriction of the vocal folds, and the elasticity and tension of the vocal folds

40
Q

Average pitch for children

A

350 Hz

41
Q

Average pitch for males

A

120 Hz

42
Q

Average pitch for females

A

240

43
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Forms floor of the mouth
Mandible to hyoid
ONLY UNPAIRED EXTRINSIC MUSCLE

44
Q

Throhyoid

A

Functions as an elevator or depressor
EXTRINSIC

45
Q

Omohyoid

A

EXTRINSIC
two bellies
Omo-shoulder

46
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Deepest infrahyoid muscles
EXTRINSIC

47
Q

Cricothyroid (CT)

A

INTRINSIC
Function: lengthens the vocal folds to increase pitch MAJOR MUSCLE FOR INCREASING PITCH
two parts: pars oblique and pars recta

48
Q

Thyrovocalis

A

INTRINSIC
Function: increases vocal fold tension to increase pitch
Inner surface of the thyroid angle to the vocal process of the arytenoids
fifth layer of the vocal folds

49
Q

Thyromuscularis

A

INTRINSIC
Function: adducts and shortens the vocal folds (VF relax)
Thyroid angle to the muscular process of the arytenoids

50
Q

Squamous epithelium

A

Outer layer of the vocal folds
Helps maintain VF shape, protects the VFs and keeps them hydrated

51
Q

Basement membrane

A

second layer of the vocal folds
anchors the epithelium to the superficial lamina propria; made of collagen

52
Q

Deep lamina propria

A

fourth layer of the vocal folds
composed mostly of collagen, meant to be durable

53
Q
A

Anatomy of speech and hearing (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions