exam 2 part 1

Question 1

4 reasons why some scholars believe in the documentary hypothesis

Answer 1

1. doublets: 2 versions of a story, critical scholars claim are incompatible
2. 2 different words for same entity, ex. Elohim and Yahweh 2 names for God
3. stylistic differences: narrative, ritual, poetry, law, etc
4. prophetic elements, must be after the fact

Question 2

4 reasons why we argued for essential mosaic authorship for the pentateuch

Answer 2

1. claim of Pentateuch itself
2. other old testament quotes
3. new testament evidence
4. internally, the geography, seasons, flora and fauna, and various ancient customs like giving a servant in marriage and the buying of Sarah’s burial plot are in harmony with the 2nd millennium date

Question 3

name the 10 historical books. which are part of the former prophets?

Answer 3

10 historical books: Joshua, judges, Ruth, I Samuel, II Samuel, I kings, II kings, I chronicles, II chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah
former prophets: Joshua, judges, I and II Samuel, I and II Kings

Question 4

purpose of Joshua

Answer 4

to show how the Abrahamic covenant is fulfilled

Question 5

difference between occupying and subduing a land?

Answer 5

occupying: people could still revolt and take land back
subduing: completely annihilating the people

Question 6

provide at least 3 reasons that we suggested helped to explain the severity of the conquest

Answer 6

1. the judicial action of God: judging for their terrible sin
2. head of house: representative of whole family
3. wanted to kill all Canaanites to get rid of all idolatry, that way the Israelite’s would have no excuse for falling to idolatry/sin

Question 7

the importance of the following: Rahab, Jericho, Ai, Gibeon, Shiloh, Shechem

Answer 7

• Rahab: prostitute in Jericho, helped Israelite soldiers, had faith
• Jericho: massive walls, miracle. skeptics: picking at walls, earthquake
• Ai: someone (Achan) took spoils of war, lose to small town
• Gibeon: decieves Israelites by dressing in rags, makes covenant with Israelites to not hurt them, they are spared
• Shiloh: location of tabernacle
• Shechem: renewal ceremony of the covenant before Joshua dies (parallel with renewal with Moses)

Question 8

4 possible explanations for Joshua’s long day

Answer 8

longer day:
1. earth’s rotation slows down, twice the amount of daylight
2. God reflected light from the moon to them
longer night:
3. troops fatigued; hail storms cool down troops, and hurts amorites
4. surprises troops in night; stops sun from rising, sends hail

Question 9

purpose of judges

Answer 9

prepare for monarch and kingship by showing the dissarray of people

Question 10

what is the chief spiritual gift that judges had? how did one become a judge?

Answer 10

spiritual gift: spiritual authority

to become a judge: not based on genealogy, described as charasmatic, chosen based on their God-given gifts

Question 11

what is a theocracy?

Answer 11

God rules, is king

Question 12

judges: run consecutively or overlap? how do we know?

Answer 12

they overlapped, Judges 10:7-12 Jepthah and Samson both raised up to deal with Philistines and Amonites

Question 13

the importance of the following: Othniel, Deborah, Gideon, Samson, and Jepthah

Answer 13

• othniel: first judge, saved them from oppression
• Deborah: woman judge, showed it was not a sin for women to have spiritual authority
• gideon: tested God, needed 2 miraculous signs to determine Gods will using a fleece
• Samson: set aside for God at birth, revealed secret of strength to Delilah, cut his hair, destroyed temple of Dagon then died
• Jepthah: vowed his daughter to God accidentally, debated if she was given as human sacrifice, probably dedicated to temple/tabernacle

Question 14

did jepthah sacrifice his daughter or dedicate her to tabernacle service? pros/cons

Answer 14

tabernacle service:

• God said human sacrifices were an abombination
• God accepted the vow, knowing what what happen
• vow of celibacy: Jepthahs line will die, only daughter

Question 15

was Ruth an Israelite?

Answer 15

no, from Moab

Question 16

the importance of following: Naomi, Boaz, Goel, levirate marriage

Answer 16

• Naomi: ruths mother in law, reason why ruth leaves Moab
• Boaz: ruth’s husband
• Goel: took ruth as wife
• levirate marriage: if husband died, his brother would take his widow as one of his wife

Question 17

purpose of Ruth?

Answer 17

foreshadowing gentile blessing, faith/heritage

Question 18

purpose of I Samuel?

Answer 18

shows samuel’s part in the establishment of monarchy

Question 19

discuss following: hannah, eli, samuel, saul, mizpah, jonathan

Answer 19

hannah: samuels mother, infertile which was interpreted by others as a judgement from God, very troubled by it
- eli: priest, blesses hannah after he knows she’s troubled
- samuel: God-given child to Hannah, dedicated to God, works in tabernacle, becomes judge, prophet and priest
- mizpah: samuel had people pledge to God
- saul: first appointed king by God, disobeyed God, lost his blessing
- jonathan: son of saul, in the middle between his father and david, david’s best friend

Question 20

signs that saul was to be the first king? why did God take kingship from him?

Answer 20

signs: find father’s donkeys, eat and drink with some men, group of prophesying
- took kingship away because saul disobeyed God twice; once by preforming a sacrifice before battling that he was unauthorized to do. the second time is when he took animals as spoils of war when God told him not to

Question 21

purpose of II Samuel

Answer 21

shows monarchy continues under david

Question 22

compare david and solomon

Answer 22

david: won empire, adulterer and murder, gaining territory, warrior, leads by example, started as Shepard, not materialistic
solomon: governs over empire, worship idols, protecting territory, court person, leads because of wisdom, grew up in court, tastes are lavish, buildings are ornate, high taxes and enslaved people
similarities: lord makes covenants with both, rule over empire, have trouble taking and leaving the throne, both start as Godly people, people prospering

Question 23

importance of the following: hebron, ishbosheth, abner, joab, jerusalem, bathsheba, uriah, nathan, absalom, amasa, sheba, gad

Answer 23

• hebron: david crowned king here
• ishbosheth: saul’s son, thought to be king after saul, weak leader, accuses abner, of sexual relation with his concubine
• abner: ishbosheth’s military general, joins david’s side, has to kill joab’s brother, killed by joab
• joab: david’s main general, kills abner to avenge his brother, kills davids son absalom and amasa, not main general anymore
• jerusalem: tabernacle and david’s palace, on a hill that can see everything
• bathsheba: uriah’s wife, has affair with david, david sees her bathing and lusts after her
• uriah: bathsheba’s husband, faithful soldier
• nathan: prophet, rebukes david
• absalom: davids son, wants to be king and for david to die, rallies people and forces david to flee, killed by joab
• amasa: head general after joab is fired
• sheba: leading revolt, sends troops led by amasa
• gad: another prophet, rebukes david

Question 24

why did God take most of the tribes away from solomon

Answer 24

because solomon turned to idolatry