Exam 2 Objectives

Question 1

Anemia (iron-deficiency)

Answer 1

decrease RBC 
Decrease hemoglobin 
Decrease hematocrite 
may increase reticulocytes 
Decrease Mean cell hemoglobin 
Decrease Mean cell volume

Question 2

Anemia (Vit B12/foliate deficiency)

Answer 2

decrease RBC 
Decrease hemoglobin 
Decrease hematocrite 
may increase reticulocytes 
normal Mean cell hemoglobin 
increase Mean cell volume

Question 3

Inflammation (arthritis)

Answer 3

Increase ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation Rate)

Question 4

Infection bacterial

Answer 4

left shift in band = increase in bands
increase in band
increase in WBC

Question 5

Infection Viral

Answer 5

increase in WBC

Increase in lymphocytes

Question 6

infection parasitic

Answer 6

increase eosinophils (also seen in allergies)

Question 7

Allergy (seasonal, and drug)

Answer 7

increased percentage of eosinophils

Question 8

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 8

decrease in platelets
< than 100000 = thrombocytopenia
< than 50000 = risk of bleeding
< than 10000 spontaneous bleeding and death

Question 9

Anticoagulant Warfarin

Answer 9

• oral anticoagulant

- inhibits production of the vit K dependent clotting factors making it difficult for the blood to clot

Question 10

Anticoagulant Heparin

Answer 10

• parenteral (IV, subcutaneous) anticoagulant

- inhibits thrombin and factors making it diffficult for the blood to cloth

Question 11

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 11

no p waves, QRS complex normal

Question 12

Hyperkalemia

Answer 12

flattened P wave, widen WRS complex, peaked T waves

Question 13

Digitalis toxicity

Answer 13

gradual downward sloping of ST segment (Salvidor Dali) and bradycardia

Question 14

Ischemia

Answer 14

T wave inersion

Question 15

MI

Answer 15

Q wave infarction, small Q waves

Question 16

Cholestatic disease

Answer 16

caused by intrahepatic obstruction or bile tract obstruction (gallstones) can't drain 
- increase total bilibruin 
increases conjugated bilirubin 
increases delta bilirubin 
increase GGT 
increase alkaline phosphatase

Question 17

Pacreatic disease

Answer 17

due to hyrochlorothiazide
increased amylase
increase lipase

Question 18

Alcohol

Answer 18

increase GGT