Exam 2 notes Flashcards

Question

gender and ethnic differences in intimacy

Answer 1

- no big gender differences - guys and girls know equally as much about their friends - outwardly girls appear to talk about friendships more/value them more - homophobia may affect how guys talk about their relationships - girls' relationships can be more fragile and dramatic while guys' can have more brief intense drama (more likely to fight each other)

Answer 2

- allows girls to express desire for intimacy | - allows boys to develop greater capacity for intimacy

Answer 3

- guys look for looks | - girls look for intermal qualities

Answer 4

- having a sense of what you are to do in a relationship | - does not usually start off one-on-one, but in a group setting

Answer 5

1) girls - those who don't date until late adolescent may be more dependent on parents, less social/comfortable with peers - when girls start dating parents get worried 2) boys - parents don't worry - less data - starting early gives a bump in popularity but makes them less socially mature

Answer 6

1) benefits - more popular, peers look up to these people - new attachment models - learn about social expectations - having someone like you 2) disadvantages - may distract from school, obligations, and goals 3) predictions - those in relationships are more depressed 6 months - 1 yr later - -> because of breaking ups? - -> romantic relationships in HS tend to pull you away from your same gender groups

Answer 7

- length can be determined if the two people are unequal 1) levels of commitment 2) age differences 3) education plans 4) SAT scores - social class and attitudes are not as good predictors - attitudes on controversial topics are- such as drinking

Answer 8

1) lack of other markers of transitions to adult status 2) teen sex as rite of passage in US 3) continuous vs. discontinuous transitions - masturbation vs. sex 4) societal restrictiveness - restrictive vs. permissive societies 5) US in midst of change in sexual restrictiveness

Answer 9

continuous vs. discontinuous historically view saw it as discontinuous society moving towards a more continuous approach

Answer 10

- boys have sex at a slighter younger age - 10% at age 14 - 43% at age 17 - 70% of college students had sex in the past 12 months - - differs dramatically according to sex group belonging - - higher income, higher education, less likely to have sex - misleading figures because there are differences in SES, ethnicity, culture, and religion- different groups act different ways

Answer 11

individual level - mother-daughter relationship and communication tends to delay sex (unless mom is super liberal) - lots of small discussions are better than having the talk - single parent household with single moms- girls will have sex earlier, influenced because they see mom dating, seek a male influence, and/or there's a weird genetic factor - models: parents and siblings - close relationships and friendships with the same gender will decrease likelihood of having sex early

Answer 12

- normal/normative, happens for a small majority of 17/18 year olds - normal =/= healthy - -> like the common cold- common but not necessarily good - evidence for risk factor for adolescents under the age of 15-17- commonly correlated with other problems

Answer 13

1) boys - first encounter with sex = masturbation - thinking about sex outside social context - status symbol - recreation activity- excitement and arousal 2) girls - sex centered around relationships and intimacy - think about pregnancy- more meaning - not simply a recreational act

Answer 14

- several stages of sex - becoming comfortable with your body, being aroused - accepting sexual feelings as normal and appropriate - comfortableness choosing level of sexual activity

Answer 15

1) change in median age at marriage- shifted to getting married later 2) age of first marriage is associated with divorce - married at 18 vs. 25 = 4x the likelihood of getting divorced 3) buffers against divorce in adolescent marriages - money, long term relationship, delay in pregnancy for at least a year, education - most of these things come with age - one of the ways that men and women solidify gender roles

Answer 16

1) gender intensification - gender becomes more important as you reach adolescence - increased pressure to follow gender norms - deviation produces conflict 2) males and gender - aggressive behavior, not showing emotion 3) societal markers of masculinity 4) females and gender - no female counterpart to "be a man" or "grow a pair" 5) sociological explanations for gender identity struggles - males cannot be sure that they will pass on their genes 6) Nancy Chodorow- early socialization and gender identity - early socialization - young children raised by mothers - first identify with moms as an infant - - but being a mamma's boy is a bad thing

Answer 17

- for boys, the more masculine the better - for girls, the more androgynous the better - - feminine role not as high powered in our culture - doesn't get easier past adolescence

Answer 18

1) educational success - female to male ratio higher at more selective schools - schools still aim for a balance to keep a certain reputation - for every 100 girls that go to college, only 83 males go 2) theories - females are more passive - girls thrive more easily in school - boys are movers - males are privileged- get the best jobs either way

Answer 19

- fantasies are fairly common - 50% - behavior is less common but still not uncommon- 20% - primary orientation numbers are smaller - 2-6% - fantasies revolve on who you chose, not what group you identify with/place yourself in - gender noncomformity is different from the above pts

Answer 20

- biological vs environmental | - evidence for biologic underpinnings

Answer 21

stronges in adolescence - establishing masculinity = hetero - - also important to dislike gay males - extent to which you are aroused by the same gender is correlated to how homophobic you are

Answer 22

1) development of sexual orientation - not a single pattern - uncertainty of sexuality is normative - some may become aware early in childhood or much later in adolescence 2) mental health issues - risk for depression - - offset with enough support 3) physical health issues - higher substance abuse- may be a way of dealing with depression - risky, unprotected sex - physical intimation- assaulted because of your sexuality

Answer 23

HIV/AIDS - 1 in 500 college kids - 1 in 200 male college students - geometry of STF transmission - -> 1 in 4 herpes - 1 in 5 over age 12- no cure

Answer 24

- teens do no see themselves as invulnerable - lack of impulse control - effect of arousal on decision making - things are risky because of the people engaging in the action

Answer 25

for every 100 9th graders - 80 graduate HS in 4 yrs - 45 go to college - 31 will come back to college the following year - 22 will finish with a degree Ass/Ba in 3/6 yrs

Exam 2 notes Flashcards

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