exam 2 lecture 3 Flashcards
IV is least forgiving
immediate distribution - no second line of defense
if excipient is acceptable for IV , it is acceptable for other admins
some excipients for other parenteral routes like IM are unacceptable for IV
IV route of admin
methods: bolus (push), infusion
site of admin: peripheral vein + central vein
infusion modes of admin: continuous or intermittent admin
IV skips absorption step
venous complications
phlebitis: inflammation from irritation of tunica intima of vein.
- mod to severe pain, days to month to subside, limits veins available in future
thrombosis: formation of a blood clot in vein
- pain, swelling, pulmonary embolism
central vein infusion
catheter goes through subclavian vein to heart
IM admin
sites
delt –> 2 mL
thigh –> 5 mL
glutes –> 5 mL
IM has absorption step
subcutaneous
similar IM but volume does not exceed 1.5 mL
absorption slower than IM bc lower vascularization
hypodermoclysis
infusion by subcutaneous route
intraspinal
intrathecal: into subarachnoid space + cerebrospinal fluid
- bolus direct into CSF, continuous admin not recommended
- med have high potency than epidural (no membrane to cross)
epidural: into space at thoracic or lumbar between dura mater and vertebral canal
- bolus or continuous admin