Exam #2 Lab

Question 1

Describe the most current definition of health
- Roy
- Pender
- World Health Organization
- OIIQ

Answer 1

ROY: health is the process of being and becoming an integrated whole person

PENDER: health is a positive dynamic state no merely the absence of disease

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION: health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

OIIQ: Health is a dynamic and continuous process in which a person, family, group or community aspires to a state of equilibrium that fosters well being and quality of life. This process involves adaptation to environmental factors, learning and commitment on the part of the part of the person and society.

Question 2

Distinguish between health and illness

Answer 2

health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmit

Question 3

Describe the dimensions of health and well-being (physical, mental, social)

Answer 3

• physical: focuses on the body and how well different body system function
• mental: look at how we take in process and communicate information
• social: who we chose to spend are time with

Question 4

Describe the major determinants of health affecting the Canadian population.

Answer 4

• SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT: income and social status, employment/working conditions, social environment, social support networks
• PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT: related to affordable housing, homelessness, geographical isolation of a certain pop.(indiens)
• HEALTHY CHILD DEVELOPMENT: maternal period, food, substances, illness
• PERSONAL HEALTH PRACTICES AND COPING SKILLS: humour, sleep
• BIOLOGY AND GENETIC ENDOWMENT: cancer, thyroid, schizophrenia
• HEALTH SERVICES: family doctors, assurance
• GENDER: men less privileged, more premature death, women more stress
• CULTURE: issues of racism, health inequalities of indigenous people, limited access to health care for immigrants and refugees

Question 5

Describe strategies for health promotion and disease prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary).

Answer 5

• PRIMARY: activities that prevent known health problems, protect existing states of health and promote psychosocial wellness. (Ex: immunizations, teaching in school about tobacco use, good eating habits, no stress, doctors follow-ups.
• SECONDARY (newly diagnosed // already have the disease): activities that promote early detection of disease, before symptoms emerge or slow progression. Take action that slow the deterioration (Ex: BP screening, routine mammograms)
• TERTIARY (disease for a long time and start to complicate the life): activities that prevent complications when a condition or disease is present or has progressed (chronic disease: diabetes, cancer…) (Ex: teaching foot care in a newly diagnosed diabetes PT, cardiac rehab after MI (miocardioinfraction))

Question 6

Describe the factors that influence individual health promotion activities.

Answer 6

INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EXPERIENCES:
*prior related behaviour: past can’t change
*personal factors: unchangeable but influence
- biological: age, family hx
- psychological: self-esteem, perceived health, self-motivation
- sociocultural: race, ethnicity, culture, education

BEHAVIOUR-SPECIFIC COGNITIONS AND AFFECT: changeable
* perceived benefit of action: make the patient say the benefit out loud
* perceived barriers to action: what’s stopping me?
* perceived self-efficacy: am i capable of doing this?
* situational influences: how does my environment influence my ability to perform healthy behaviours

IMMEDIATE COMPETING DEMANDS AND PREFERENCES: make it clear

BEHAVIOURAL OUTCOME:
1. What is the level of commitment to a plan of action for behaviour change? (on a scale 0-10 how committed are u or ready to make this change)
2. Do they know strategies needed to carry out this behaviour change?
3. Health promotion behaviour