Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

TRI 3 - MS 2 > Exam 2 info > Flashcards

Exam 2 info Flashcards

1
Q

What are the local lumbar stabilizers

A

Lumbar multifidus
Transverse abdominis
Internal oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is significant about the lumbar multifidus

A

Contributes 70% of the muscular stabilizing force in the lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is significant about the transverse abdominis

A

It is recruited first when the spine is loaded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does spine stabilization training help patients

A 
The spine is vulnerable
Protects of articular surfaces
Prevents reinjury
Facilitates healing
Decreases pain
Prevents injury
Improves performance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define neutral spine in a non injured person

A

position in which a vertical force exerted through the spine allows equal weight transference to the WB surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe a neutral spine in an injured poersin

A

Position or range of movement defined by a patients signs and symptoms, pathology and current musculature

or

Most stable asymptomatic position of the trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some improper things to look out for during the ADIM

A 
Movement of ribs, shoulders, pelvis
Sucking in upper abdomen
Holding breath
Depressing the rib cage
Pushing heels into surface
Contracting glutes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some ADIM cues

A 
Draw in abdominal wall
Tighten abdominal wall
Pull navel up and in
Pull lower abdomen away from your pants
Pull ASIS together
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the best exercise for the multifidus

A

Prone hip extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the exercise prescription for a person after a stroke

A

50-80% 1RM
1-3 sets
10-15 reps
2-3 min rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the benefits of resistance exercise to a person with a stroke

A

Increased functional activity

reduced cardiac demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you determine 1RM

A

12 rep max

stop when the patient can no longer perform the exercise safely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What exercise equipment is considered to deliver variable resistance

A 
TheraBand
Certain adjustable cable systems
Hydraulic
Weight machines
Isokinetic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What exercise equipment offer constant external load

A

Free weights
Fixed cable machines
Weight machines
Functional movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is isotonic exercise and when would it be used in treat ment

A

Concentric eccentric lifting (load remains constant)

Late subacute and beyond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is isometric exercise used`

A

Acute stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some signs of overtraining

A 
Drop in appetite, performance and energy
High BP
Muscle tenderness
Sleep disturbances
Frequent illness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some advantages of using mechanical resistance exercise equipment

A

Established quantitative baseline measurements
Used when strength exceeds therapists strength
adds variety
Improves strength and endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the advantages of weight machines

A

external support
Single muscle or muscle group
Easy to document

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are some disadvantages of weight machines

A

Nonfunctional
Single plane movements only
Compensations are easy to hide
Expensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are some advantages of isokinetic exercise

A 
Max resistance through range
Concentric and eccentric
Accommodations for pain
Exercise at functional speeds
Used in research
Used for pt. testing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some disadvantages of isokinetic exercise

A

Machines are expensive

Time consuming to set up the first time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the purpose of functional strengthening

A

Multiplanar movements
Using the MS and neural system together
Based on rehab program goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you progress functional strengthening

A 
Add weight
Narrow base of support
Decrease stability of base of support
Increase excursion of limb movement
Increase speed and direction of movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Precautions for resistance exercise
``` Monitor vitals (if seated if LOB is of concern) underlying pathology Severity of impairment Co-morbidities Ability to cooperate and learn ```
26
Which type of contraction on the force velocity curve produces the most force
Fast eccentrics
27
When does DOMS peak
24-48 hours post training
28
How do eccentrics help tendons
Greater forces increase tendon strength
29
What is an example of an eccentric dosing regiment
``` 3 sets 15 reps 7 days a week 12 weeks no more than 5/10 pain Progress with no discomfort ```
30
What is the main goal for tendon training
Increased tensile strength makes a muscle less susceptible to injury
31
How are eccentrics used in the acute phase
Not used in the acute phase
32
How are eccentrics used in the subacute phase
Sub maximal | Slow speeds
33
How are eccentrics used in the chronic phase
Progress to max load, fast speeds | Isokinetic saved for final stage of rehab
34
What aspect do explosive movements train
Power
35
What are some characteristics of eccentric contractions
less motor unit activation Series elastic elements supply resistance Less oxygen consumption more force than concentric
36
What are some eccentric biased activities
Pulleys PNF Theraband MRE
37
Describe a plyometric exercise
quick powerful movement involving a muscle pre stretch to activate the stretch shortening cycle to produce stronger concentric contraction
38
What happens before the explosive movement in a plyometric
Amortization phase
39
What is the purpose of plyometrics
Heighten excitability of the nervous system for improved reactive ability of the neuromuscular system
40
What does decreasing the amortization phase achieve
Increasing the intensity of the activity
41
What are some prerequisites for plyometric training
Adequate strength base | Supportive shoes
42
How do you warm up for plyometrics
general drills to sweating | Specific mobility techniques
43
Power vs endurance dosing
Power 1:3-4 work/rest | Endurance 1:1-2 work/rest
44
What are some signs of fatigue for plyometric exercises
Prolonged foot contact Lack of arm and leg movement Lack of interest Longer rest periods
45
What are the mechanical characteristics of plyometric training
Contractile component - force series elastic component - stability stores energy Parallel elastic component - stability
46
Compare muscle spindles and GOT's
Muscle spindles - respond to stretch excite muscle | GTO - respond to stretch - relax muscle
47
What controls muscle fiber elongation
Tensile strength - more = less stretch | sensitivity - less sensitive = less of a response
48
What changes can plyometric changes elicit
``` Increased speed of the stretch reflex Better recruitment of the motor units Desensitization of the GTO's Improved coordination nervous system becomes more autonomic ```
49
How do you dose plyometrics for volume
75-100 foot contacts - low intensity | 200-250 - moderate intensity
50
What is appropriate plyometric frequency
48-72 hours between training sessions | For the young keep the demand lower
51
What are some general plyometric guidelines
should be specific to the individuals goals Activity specific Complex movements broken down and built back up Greatest benefits at the end of a workout Quality over quantity
52
What are some precautions for aquatic therapy
``` Fear of water Neurological disorders Respiratory disorders Cardiac dysfunction Small open wounds and lines ```
53
What are some contraindications for aquatic therapy
``` Unstable angina Cardiac failure Severe PVD Severe kidney disease Uncontrolled bowel and bladder movements open wounds without occlusive dressing Active infections ```
54
What percentage of weight is unloaded at various body structures when submerged
C7 - 90% Sternum - 67% ASIS - 50%
55
What are the appropriate temperatures for different populations
82-88 - active adults, MS 88-92 - less active, arthritis, women 92-96 less active patients
56
How can water therapy affect heart rate
HR can drop 20 beats when in water | Use RPE to Gaige intensity
57
What population is likely to deal with PFPS and what causes it
Very common in young athletes | Abnormal biomechanics in LE kinetic chain
58
What types of activities tend to aggravate PFPS symptoms
Prolonged sitting Stair climbing Descending stairs Squatting
59
What are some symptoms associated with PFPS
Pain with walking, kneeling, running swelling in the knee Grinding or popping sensation knee bucking under too much weight
60
What structural issues may lead to PF pain
``` Increased Q angle Femoral anteversion Excessive tibial ER Genu Valgum Foot hyperpronation Generalized laxity ```
61
What neuromuscular issues can cause PF pain
Tight lateral retinaculum Weak VMO Poor hip strength Poor patellar tracking
62
What is normal Q angle in men and women
Men - 13 | Women - 18
63
What structural variables can increase the Q angle
Coxa Vara Femoral anteversion or internal rotation Genu valgum External tibial rotation Lateral displacement of the tibial tuberosity Pes planus, calcaneal eversion, hind foot pronation
64
How can you determine if pes planus is functional or structural
come up on toes, if arch restores it is more functional and can benefit from therapeutic exercises
65
With McConnel taping how do you correct lateral patellar glide
Tape to lateral border of patella to MFC
66
With McConnel taping how do you correct lateral patellar tilt
tape to middle of patella to MFC
67
With McConnel taping how do you correct ER
tape to middle inferior border of patella to MFC
68
What are some effects of taping
``` Protection Stability Affect/ change alignment Enhance proprioception Temporary support for weak muscles Affect length tension relationship Increased neuromuscular control Increased kinesthetic awareness Placebo ```
69
Describe McConnel tape
Rigid Highly adhesive up to 18 hour use
70
What are some taping guidelines
``` Avoid lotions Wipe area with alcohol, use spray, shave Be aware of latex allergies Tape skin with normal temperatures Explain how the taping should feel Maintain limb in proper taping position ```
71
How long should you wear tape
Kinesio - up to 3 days, pat dry after shower, cut away loose ends McConnel - waking hours only, stretch to help with mobility, may be sore after taping
72
What are some factors to consider when considering taping
``` Specific Need someone else to do it Long term expense Custom fit Can help to determine if bracing is needed Skin reaction possible ```
73
What are some factors to consider when considering bracing
``` Easy to use Not very specific Initial cost is expensive Size may be custom May not stay in place Hot ```

TRI 3 - MS 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions