Exam 2 Def

Question 1

Kinetic homogeneity

Answer 1

Kinetic homogeneity describes a predictable relationship between CP and the concentrations at the receptor site (and other tissues) where a drug produces its therapeutic effect

Question 2

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 2

The relationship between drug concentration at the site of action and the resulting pharmacological effect

Question 3

Half life

Answer 3

One half life is the time necessary for the CP to fall to CP/2

Question 4

Vd

Answer 4

Dose/CP @t=0

• The value does not have an exact physiologic significance but the VD indicates the extent of drug distribution
• The value represents the size of a compartment necessary to account for the total amount of drug in the body if it were present throughout the body at the same concentration as found in the plasma

Question 5

Clearance

Answer 5

Clearance (Volume/time) Describes the volume of plasma from which all drug is removed in a given unit of time

Question 6

Extraction ratio

Answer 6

A measure of an organ’s (usu. liver) ability to remove a drug from circulation (lower the drugs concentration)

Question 7

Steady state

Answer 7

That point in time when the amount of drug administered over a dosing interval (tau) equals the amount of drug eliminated over the interval

Question 8

Superposition

Answer 8

• Multiple CP versus time curves look identical
• If the presence of drug in the body does not alter the PK of subsequent doses of the same drug (linear PK)
• If drug remains in the plasma from an earlier dose then the next dose will result in the height of the original curve added to the trough level

Question 9

Accumulation factor

Answer 9

Just a number that when multiplied by a CP value after the first dose, calculated that particular value at steady state

Question 10

Biopharmaceutics

Answer 10

The relationship between the therapeutic response and the drug formulation and administration factors

Question 11

Bioequivalence

Answer 11

The rates of two products and their extents of absorption are statistically equal

Question 12

Absorption

Answer 12

The process by which API moves from the dosage form to the systemic circulation

Question 13

Bioavailability

Answer 13

The extent of drug absorption

Question 14

F

Answer 14

The fraction of an administered dose that is absorbed into the systemic circulation

Question 15

F*dose

Answer 15

The amount of drug absorbed from the product

Question 16

Perfusion limited diffusion

Answer 16

High tissue concentrations are primarily dependent upon blood flow to those tissues

Question 17

Benet and hoener conclusions

Answer 17

Although changes in plasma protein binding can have an important influence on a patient’s particular PK parameters changes in plasma protein binding usually do not influence the clinical exposure of the patient to the drug
*As a consequence no adjustment in dosing regimens will be necessary except in rare cases

Question 18

First pass effect

Answer 18

Drug removal by the gut or liver during the oral absorption process

Question 19

Vmax

Answer 19

Max rate of metabolism in nonlinear PK