Exam 2: CXR Flashcards
What is the key to recognizing abnormality in chest x-rays?
Knowing what a normal CXR looks like
What should you always compare with when interpreting a CXR?
Previous CXR if available
What are the general principles for interpreting a CXR?
Systematic approach, clinical findings, assess changes
What does the systematic approach for interpreting a CXR include?
- Name/marker/rotation/penetration
- Lines/metal work
- Heart
- Mediastinum
- Lungs
- Zones
- Bones
- Diaphragm
- Soft Tissues
In a systematic approach, what should be true about the clavicles?
Clavicles equidistant from spinous processes of thoracic spine
What is the significance of sternal wires in a CXR?
Implies previous thoracic surgery
Where should the tip of the endotracheal tube be positioned?
2cm above carina
How much of the maximum internal thoracic diameter does the heart occupy in a standard PA erect view?
Up to 50%
Why can’t heart size be commented on in an AP view?
Because of magnification of heart
What should be true about the hilar vascular structures in a CXR?
They should be crisply defined
What is the importance of the trachea’s position in a CXR?
It should be central
When comparing lung zones, which zones should be examined?
- Upper zone
- Middle zone
- Lower zone
What should the diaphragms form with the lateral chest wall?
A sharp margin
What is a sign of enlarged nodes in soft tissues?
Supraclavicular fossae
What should you look for under the diaphragm in a CXR?
Pneumoperitoneum
How would you summarize a normal erect chest X-Ray of an adult male?
“The heart is not enlarged, the mediastinal contours are normal and the lungs are clear”
What are some common abnormalities that can be identified in a CXR?
- Airway issues
- Atelectasis
- Pleural Effusion
- Tumor
- Pneumonia
- ARDS
- Pneumothorax
What is the proper placement for a right internal jugular central line?
Correct placement
What can indicate a feeding tube’s proper placement?
Proper placement in distal esophagus
