Exam 2 - Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards
Vocabulary breadth
of words the child knows
A child’s use of a conventional word in an unconventional way, but totally obvious. ie: “to pillow” means “to throw a pillow”.
Simplicity [lexical innovation]
Fast Mapping
Children’s ability to form an initial hypothesis about a word’s meaning very quickly, after hearing it only once or twice.
One of the criteria by which a concept is defined and distinguished from other concepts. For instance, + male and + relative are two features of the concept brother.
Semantic Feature
Mutual Exclusivity
A cognitive bias shown by young children, who typically avoid labeling anything at more than one level of generality; hence, they many refer to their pet as a “dog,” but not also as an “animal.”
The ability to recognize sounds of language and to talk about them.
Phonological awareness
Used with prelinguistic infants that tracks their eye movements when they are presented with verbal stimuli.
Preferential-looking paradigm
Referent
The actual thing to which a particular word alludes - an actual cat, for instance - as opposed to the meaning of the word, which is a mental construct.
Semantic Network
A word and all of the words that are related to it through various hierarchies of meaning.
A word and all of the words that are related to it through various hierarchies of meaning.
Semantic Network
The acquisition of words and their meanings.
Semantic Development
Underextention
Use or understanding of a word that does not include it’s full range - assuming fro instance, that dog refers only to collies.
Use or understanding of a word that does not include it’s full range - assuming fro instance, that dog refers only to collies.
Underextention
Situation in which two individuals are paying attention to the same things at the same time as in reading a book together.
Joint focus
Joint attention
Mutual attention between child and parent.
Simplicity [lexical innovation]
A child’s use of a conventional word in an unconventional way, but totally obvious. ie: “to pillow” means “to throw a pillow”.
Words that come to mind as a result of hearing other words.
Word associations
Productivity [lexical innovation]
Use of forms that are frequently used by adults as the basis of new words. Ie: adding (er) to the end of everything for people who do something. ie: teacher, player, cooker.
Mutual attention between child and parent.
Joint attention
Vocabulary spurt
A proposed stage in lexical development, usually at about 18 months of age, during which some young children’s word learning expands rapidly.
The actual thing to which a particular word alludes - an actual cat, for instance - as opposed to the meaning of the word, which is a mental construct.
Referent
Use of forms that are frequently used by adults as the basis of new words. Ie: adding (er) to the end of everything for people who do something. ie: teacher, player, cooker.
Productivity [lexical innovation]
Obvious meaning. One of the principles children use in making new words. “plant-man” for gardener.
Semantic Transparency
Joint focus
Situation in which two individuals are paying attention to the same things at the same time as in reading a book together.
