exam 2 chapter 2

Question 1

Articles of Confederation

Answer 1

the first constitution for the central govt. between 1781 and 1788

Question 2

Confederacy

Answer 2

a system with a central govt. and state govts. that want state govts. to have as much sovereignty and independency as possible.

Question 3

From Hamilton, what was the great and radical vice by the AOC and why did it contribute to the weaknesses of the AOC?

Answer 3

The AOC detailed a system where the central govt. was exceedingly weak and more of a govt. over govt. rather than govt. over individs. Confederation was seen as ineffective and couldn’t have power over smaller govts or gain funding from them through taxation.

Question 4

constitutional convention

Answer 4

meeting in Philly between May and September 1787 at which 55 delegates from 12 of the 13 states wrote the OG U.S. Constitution.

Question 4

OG Constitution

Answer 4

refers to the pre-amended Constitution that was signed at the CC in Philly in September of 1987.

Question 5

Bill of Rights

Answer 5

Name given to the first ten amendments to the US Constitution that were the primary source of civil liberties.

Question 6

Founders’ Constitution

Answer 6

the area of the US Constitution written and ratified by the 1st gens.

Question 7

the Great Compromise

Answer 7

solved the disagreement between large and small states over how to apportion seats in Congress.

Question 8

Large State/Virginia Plan

Answer 8

called for PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION

Question 9

Small State/New Jersey Plan

Answer 9

called for EQUAL STATE REPRESENTATION

Question 10

The 3/5 Compromise

Answer 10

the decision by antislavery delegates at the CC to accommodate the demand by slave states that they be allowed to count their slaves as 3/5 of a person for the sake of their seat in the HOR.

Question 11

Electoral College

Answer 11

system established by the US Constitution for selecting Presidents.

Question 12

Slave Trade Clauses

Answer 12

'’the migration or importation of such persons’’ left out the truth of slavery so that the trades can still be legal.

Question 12

Fugitive Slave Clauses

Answer 12

part of the Founders’ Consti grants slave owners a constitutional rights to recapture runaways who ran to a different state no matter if it was illegal in it or not.

Question 13

FEDERALISM

Answer 13

principle of government that says that authority is partly divided and partly shared between state and federal govts.

Question 14

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 14

the idea that people in a particular territory have highest authority over that territory. Govt. authority is legitimate if it derives from the consent of the people.

Question 15

Direct Democracy

Answer 15

all citizens participate in making and enforcing laws.

Question 16

representative democracy

Answer 16

citizens who make and enforce laws are accountable for the majority of citizens who don’t even participate in making and enforcing laws.

Question 17

bicameralism

Answer 17

legislature with two chambers or house. One upper and one lower chamber.

Question 18

separation of powers/ checks and balances

Answer 18

the separate three branches of govt. and each branch will have power over one another.

Question 19

CIVIL LIBERTIES

Answer 19

legal rights designed to protect individs. from abuse of power by govt.

Question 20

Supremacy Clause

Answer 20

provision in the US Consti that declares it as the supreme law of the land.

Question 21

the Federalists Papers

Answer 21

Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay wrote 85 essays that basically rewrote the Constitution.

Question 22

Feds and ANTIFeds

Answer 22

Feds were for the ratification of the US Consti while the ANTIFeds oppose it.

Question 23

The primary obstacle to amending the AOC and how did the Founders get around it?

Answer 23

They wouldn’t be able to amend the articles heavily to change it unless that got a unanimous vote 9 out of the 13 states. So they used popular sovereignty for the people to see.

Question 24

The 2 most heated points of contention at the CC that made it difficult to create an acceptable constitution?

Answer 24

the topics of the interests of states with large state population sizes and the dispute between North and South states.

Question 25

4 ways the OG Consti protected slavery?

Answer 25

3/5 Compromise, electoral college, slave trade clauses, and the fugitive slave clause.

Question 26

How does the Constitution’s Preamble reflect the principle of ‘‘popular sovereignty’’?

Answer 26

It emphasized the importance of concepts such as common good and welfare that the idea of popular sovereignty is built on.

Question 27

Why were the Fed Papers written?

Answer 27

To lay out the principles of federalism and convince others to support it.

Question 28

What were the Recon amendments? Explain them.

Answer 28

13th-, 14th, and 15th

Question 29

What did each of the Recon amendments declare?

Answer 29

Slavery is bad, non-white people can be citizens, and that birthright citizenship in action.

Question 30

How did the Recon amendments transform Founders’ Constitution, especially towards slavery and White supremacist views on American citizenship?

Answer 30

They outlawed slavery so that everyone regardless of race born within the states are legally considered citizens.