EXAM 2 chapter 13

Question 1

solution is a homogeneous mixture which is

Answer 1

made up of two or more diff chemical substances in a single phase (solvent + solute)

Question 2

solvent is the substance

Answer 2

present in the solution in the largest amount (commonly water)

Question 3

other substances are

Answer 3

solutes

Question 4

if one of the substances is liquid and the others are solids or gases than

Answer 4

the liquid is the solvent no matter what the quantities are

Question 5

solution formation is the result of interaction of

Answer 5

the intermolecular forces of solvent and solute particles

Question 6

nature has a tendency toward
and uniform mixing is generally

Answer 6

spontaneous mixing
more energetically favorable

Question 7

amount of solute in a solution is

Answer 7

an important property of the solution

Question 8

dilute solution contains

Answer 8

small quantities of solute relative to amount of solvent

Question 9

concentrated solution contains

Answer 9

large quantities of solute relative to amount of solvent

Question 10

common ways to report solution concentration

Answer 10

molarity, molality, parts by mass, parts by volume, mole fraction and mole percent

Question 11

solubility is the amount of

Answer 11

substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent

Question 12

solubility of a substance depends on

Answer 12

entropy (nature’s tendency toward spontaneous mixing) and types of intermolecular forces

Question 13

water is solvent in a solution than it is

Answer 13

an aqueous solution

Question 14

water isn’t a universal

Answer 14

solvent

Question 15

IMFs may

Answer 15

hinder or promote the formation of a solution

Question 16

three possible interactions that can exist in a solution

Answer 16

solvent-solute, solvent-solvent and solute-solute

Question 17

a solution will generally form if

Answer 17

solvent-solute interactions are stronger or comparable to solvent-solvent/solute-solute interactions

Question 18

if solvent-solute interactions are weaker than the sum of solute-solute/solvent-solvent interactions

Answer 18

the solution will form only if the energy diff is small enough to be overcome by increase in entropy from mixing

Question 19

formation of solution step 1

Answer 19

solute is separated into its constituent parts

Question 20

formation of solution step 2

Answer 20

solvent particles are separated from each other to make room for solute particles

Question 21

formation of a solution step 3

Answer 21

the solute and solvent particles are mixed together

Question 22

Hesse’s Law says that the enthalpy of the solution is

Answer 22

equal to the sum of the individual enthalpies