Exam 2 Ch 11

Question 1

assesses environmental factors that influence human health and quality of life

Answer 1

environmental health

Question 2

poison produced by a living thing

Answer 2

toxin

Question 3

poison produced by humans or as a by-product of their activity

Answer 3

toxicant

Question 4

airborne transport of pesticides

Answer 4

pesticide drift

Question 5

degree of harm a substance can cause

Answer 5

toxicity

Question 6

type of magnitude of negative effects

Answer 6

response

Question 7

toxic substance that harms living organisms through the contamination of air, water, or soil

Answer 7

pollutant

Question 8

compound that is poisonous

Answer 8

toxic compound

Question 9

compound that is dangerous

Answer 9

hazardous compound

Question 10

toxins stored in the body

Answer 10

lipophilic toxins

Question 11

toxic compound that attacks nerve cells

Answer 11

neurotoxin

Question 12

toxic compound that damages cells in a way that causes cancer

Answer 12

carcinogen

Question 13

toxic compound that changes genetic material

Answer 13

mutagen

Question 14

toxic compound that causes abnormalities during embryonic growth

Answer 14

teratogen

Question 15

toxic compound that mimics hormones and disrupts body signaling

Answer 15

endocrine disruptor

Question 16

natural defenses against toxic compounds

Answer 16

skin, scales, feathers, biochemical pathways, storage of toxins in body

Question 17

absorption and storage in cells; can result in dangerous levels of toxins in cells and tissues

Answer 17

bioaccumulation

Question 18

toxic concentrations are magnified through tropic levels

Answer 18

biomagnification

Question 19

chemical interaction where toxicity of one chemical is reduced by exposure to a second (4+4=2)

Answer 19

antagonistic

Question 20

chemical interaction where toxicity of two chemicals is their sum (4+4=8)

Answer 20

additive

Question 21

chemical interaction where toxicity of two substances combined is greater than the sum of their individual toxicities (4+4=10)

Answer 21

synergistic

Question 22

chemical interaction where on chemical has no effect until added to another chemical (0+2=6)

Answer 22

potentiation

Question 23

ways to measure toxicity

Answer 23

case history, epidemiological study, animal testing, dose-response analysis

Question 24

median lethal dose

Answer 24

LD50

Question 25

What makes individuals respond differently to toxins?

Answer 25

genetics, health, sex, age, weight