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Astronomy > Exam 2 Answers > Flashcards

Exam 2 Answers Flashcards

1
Q

What atom classification does 14-6 C fall into?

A

Isotope

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2
Q

How much electrical charge does an atom with 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons have?

A

-2

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3
Q

Which of the following objects is not a close approximation of a thermal emitter: a star, the moon, you, a hot gas, or a lightbulb?

A

The moon is my

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4
Q

For the same size telescope, what wavelength will have the best angular resolution: visible, radio, microwave, infrared, or ultraviolet?

A

Ultraviolet

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5
Q

The bending of light as it enters a new medium is known as

A

Refraction

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6
Q

Which answer is not a requirement for a good location for an optical telescope: dark, arid, calm air, cloudy, or high elevation?

A

Cloudy

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7
Q

What type of telescope uses glazing incidence mirrors: radio, visible, gamma-ray, x-ray, or ultraviolet?

A

X-ray

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8
Q

The stars rise in the west on the surface of what planet?

A

Venus

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9
Q

What planet has vertical rings as viewed from the Earth?

A

Uranus

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10
Q

Which planet would float in a very large bath tub?

A

Saturn

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11
Q

Which planet has the highest average surface temperature?

A

Venus

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12
Q

What event created the elements heavier than Helium that were used to create the solar system?

A

Supernova

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13
Q

What is the time required for half an element to decay known as?

A

Half-life

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14
Q

What does an asteroid need to lose to become a captured moon?

A

Energy

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15
Q

What is the process by which an object gains matter or mass?

A

Accretion

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16
Q

Grass (that is healthy) looks green because it ________ green light and ________ other colors.

A

Reflects; absorbs

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17
Q

From longest wavelength to shortest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?

A

Radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x rays, gamma rays

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18
Q

The loss of an electron from a neutral helium atom results in

A

Ionized helium

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19
Q

When white light passes through a cool cloud of gas, we see

A

An absorption line spectrum

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20
Q

You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line normally found in the visible part of the spectrum is shifted toward the infrared. What do you conclude?

A

The Galaxy is moving away from you.

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21
Q

We can see each other in the classroom right now because we

A

Reflect visible light

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22
Q

How can an electron in an atom lose energy to go from a higher energy level to a lower energy level?

A

It releases a photon equal in energy to its own energy drop.

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23
Q

Suppose the angular separation of two stars is smaller than the angular resolution of your eyes. How will they appear to you?

A

The two stars will look like a single point of light.

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24
Q

Which of the following could not be determined by an observation that uses only spectroscopy: the size of a distant galaxy, the speed at which a distant galaxy is moving away from us, the surface temperature of a distant star, the chemical composition of a distant star, or the rotation rate of a distant star?

A

The size of a distant galaxy.

25
Q

What is always true about images captured with X-ray telescopes?

A

They are always displayed in false color.

26
Q

What causes stars to twinkle?

A

Bending of light rays by turbulent layers in the atmosphere.

27
Q

Which telescope has the most light collecting area?

A

100 meter radio (biggest size)

28
Q

What is the source of the Sun’s energy?

A

Mass-energy

29
Q

Which of the following is farthest from the Sun: Neptune, a comet in the Kuiper Belt, as asteroid in the asteroid belt, a comet in the Oort Cloud, or Pluto?

A

A comet in the Oort Cloud

30
Q

What is not an advantage of spacecraft flybys over ground-based telescope observations?

A

Spacecrafts can make highly detailed images of the planet and its moons.

31
Q

True/False: Most planets orbit at the same speed.

A

False

32
Q

True/False: All of the inner planets have substantial atmospheres.

A

False

33
Q

Why did the solar nebula heat up as it collapsed?

A

As the cloud shrank, its gravitational potential energy was converted to thermal energy.

34
Q

What happened during the accretion phase of the early solar system?

A

Particles grew by colliding and sticking together.

35
Q

What origin do almost all of the large moons around the Jovian planets have?

A

They were formed by condensation and accretion in a disk of gas around the planet.

36
Q

According to the nebular theory, what are asteroids and comets?

A

They are leftover planetesimals that never accreted into planets.

37
Q

Which of these are unexplainable: the backward rotation of Venus, the formation of the Moon, the orbit of Triton in the opposite direction to Neptune’s, the large metallic core of Mercury, or the extreme axis tilt of Uranus?

A

The orbit of Triton in the opposite direction to Neptune’s rotation.

38
Q

Was the young sun hotter and brighter than it is today?

A

No

39
Q

What is unusual about our Moon?

A

It is surprisingly large relative to the planet it orbits.

40
Q

What technology allows a single ground-based telescope to achieve images as sharp as those from the Hubble Space Telescope?

A

Adaptive optics

41
Q

Compared to an atom as a whole, an atomic nucleus

A

Is very tiny but has most of the mass

42
Q

What is it called when light travels through matter?

A

Transmission

43
Q

Wave speed is a property of the ________ that the light is traveling through.

A

Medium/Object/Matter/Material

44
Q

What fundamental force holds other he the electron and nucleus in an atom?

A

Electromagnetic force

45
Q

What state of matter has no defined shape or volume?

A

Gas

46
Q

What part of the eye focuses the light that enters the eye?

A

Lens

47
Q

Name a range of light/electromagnetic radiation that is studied by space telescopes.

A

Anything but radio

48
Q

How many mirrors does a refracting telescope have?

A

Zero

49
Q

The technique of analyzing light by looking at the intensity of light for each wavelength/color is known as

A

Spectroscopy

50
Q

What type of exploration mission can examine surface rocks without returning to Earth?

A

Landers

51
Q

What object is a dirty ball of ice?

A

Comet

52
Q

Name a planet in the solar system that has rings.

A

Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune

53
Q

What element is the most abundant element in the Sun?

A

Hydrogen

54
Q

What removed the extra debris from the solar system after the formation of the Sun?

A

Solar winds

55
Q

What objects provided the water that is found on the present day Earth?

A

Comets or planetesimals

56
Q

What technique is used to date rocks?

A

Radiometric dating

57
Q

Name a planet in the solar system that has no moons.

A

Mercury

58
Q

Which answer is not a primary color of light: green, blue, red, or yellow?

A

Yellow

Astronomy (6 decks)

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