EXAM 2 anatomy Flashcards
What are the biogenic amines?
the 3 catecholamines, serotonin, and histamine
What are the 3 catecholamines?
DA, NE, and Epi
On the venn diagram, serotonin is what?
Trophatrophic, controls impulse
On the venn diagram, serotonin and NE is what?
It causes anxiety and irritability
On the venn diagram, serotonin and DA is what?
appetite, sex, and aggression
On the venn diagram, NE is what?
Ergotrophic, vigilance
On the venn diagram, DA and NE is what?
motivation
what makes ACh?
Acetyl CoA + choline + choline acetyltransferase
What blocks nicotinic ACh receptors?
curare, hexamethonium
how many subtypes of muscarinic Ach receptors are there? What blocks it?
M1-M5, atropine blocks it
What NT is made from tyrosine?
DA, NE, and Epi
What NT is made from Tryptophan?
Serotonin
What does monoamine oxidase do?
MOA degrades catecholamines, serotonin, and histamine
What is the synthesis of the catecholamines?
Tyrosine (tyrosine dehydroxylase) > L-Dopa (Dopa decarboxylase)> Dopamine (Dopamine beta-hydroxylase)> NE (Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase) > Epi
Which adrenergic receptor is found in mainly the PNS?
Epi
Which adrenergic receptor is found in both the CNS and PNS rather equally?
NE
Where is serotonin found in the body?
Raphe nuclei in the brain.
What is the function of serotonin (page 6) . 5 items
regulates sleep, emotions, vomiting, cell growth, vascular smooth muscle cell contraction
What are the highest concentration NTs?
Glutamate, second most common is aspartate
What are the ionotropic receptors for glutamate? name a disease
AMPA and NMDA. ALS is an excitotoxic disease
What are some characteristics of NMDA receptors?
it needs to be excited to remove Mg2+ block. it conducts Na+ and Ca++. involved in excitotoxicity and requires glycine binding to work. LTP
What are the characteristics of non-NMDA receptors?
fast epsp, conducts Na+ and K+
What are the characteristics of GABAa receptors?
IPSP, increases Cl- conductance. benzo, barbiturates. Penicillin and bicucullin inhibit
What are the characteristics of GABAb receptors?
presynaptic inhibition, increase K and decrease Ca++.