Exam 2

Question 1

what determines skin color

Answer 1

melanocytes

Question 2

functions of epidermis

Answer 2

protects water loss harmful chemicals mechanical injury and pathogens

Question 3

characteristics of epidermis

Answer 3

stratified squamous
basement membrane between epidermis and dermis
lack blood vessels
outer layer

Question 4

layers of epidermis

Answer 4

stratum corneum- outer, dead keratinized cells
lucidium- only in thick skin
granulosum
spinosum
basale/germinativum- deepest

Question 5

Environmental and physiologic factors that affect skin color

Answer 5

sunlight
UV
X Rays
Oxygenation
Vasodilation of dermal blood cells
accumulation of carotene pigment
jaundice

Question 6

Sebaceous glands

Answer 6

near hair follicles except on palms
keep hair soft and waterproof
groups of specialized epithelial cells

Question 7

Hyperthermia

Answer 7

high body temp

hot humid day

Question 8

Hypothermia

Answer 8

low body temp

prolonged exposure to cold

Question 9

Function of bones

Answer 9

Support and protect softer tissues.
Provide points of attachment for muscles.
House blood-producing cells.
Store inorganic salts.

Question 10

Rickets

Answer 10

vitamin d deficiency

Question 11

Osteogenesis imperfect

Answer 11

bones break easily

Question 12

Scoliosis

Answer 12

lateral curvature of spine

shoulder higher than other

Question 13

kyphosis

Answer 13

thoracic curvature of spine

hunchback

Question 14

lordosis

Answer 14

lumbar curvature of spine

swayback

Question 15

red bone marrow

Answer 15

blood cell production

Question 16

yellow bone marrow

Answer 16

stores fat

Question 17

when calcium level low

Answer 17

parathyroid gland senses and release hormones to break down bone and release calcium when low.

Question 18

When calcium level high

Answer 18

thyroid gland releases calcitonin causing osteoblasts to deposit calcium in bones when high

Question 19

1st degree burns

Answer 19

superficial
injures only epidermis
heals in days-weeks

Question 20

2nd degree burns

Answer 20

destroys epidermis and some dermis
burn from hot liquid
may blister
stem cells regenerate skin
recovers completely

Question 21

3rd degree burns

Answer 21

destroys epidermis, dermis and accessory structures
prolonged exposure
some healing from margins
sking grafts

Question 22

rule of nines

Answer 22

divides body surface into regions of 9% for treatment of burns