Exam 2 Flashcards
what determines skin color
melanocytes
functions of epidermis
protects water loss harmful chemicals mechanical injury and pathogens
characteristics of epidermis
stratified squamous
basement membrane between epidermis and dermis
lack blood vessels
outer layer
layers of epidermis
stratum corneum- outer, dead keratinized cells lucidium- only in thick skin granulosum spinosum basale/germinativum- deepest
Environmental and physiologic factors that affect skin color
sunlight UV X Rays Oxygenation Vasodilation of dermal blood cells accumulation of carotene pigment jaundice
Sebaceous glands
near hair follicles except on palms
keep hair soft and waterproof
groups of specialized epithelial cells
Hyperthermia
high body temp
hot humid day
Hypothermia
low body temp
prolonged exposure to cold
Function of bones
Support and protect softer tissues.
Provide points of attachment for muscles.
House blood-producing cells.
Store inorganic salts.
Rickets
vitamin d deficiency
Osteogenesis imperfect
bones break easily
Scoliosis
lateral curvature of spine
shoulder higher than other
kyphosis
thoracic curvature of spine
hunchback
lordosis
lumbar curvature of spine
swayback
red bone marrow
blood cell production
yellow bone marrow
stores fat
when calcium level low
parathyroid gland senses and release hormones to break down bone and release calcium when low.
When calcium level high
thyroid gland releases calcitonin causing osteoblasts to deposit calcium in bones when high
1st degree burns
superficial
injures only epidermis
heals in days-weeks
2nd degree burns
destroys epidermis and some dermis burn from hot liquid may blister stem cells regenerate skin recovers completely
3rd degree burns
destroys epidermis, dermis and accessory structures
prolonged exposure
some healing from margins
sking grafts
rule of nines
divides body surface into regions of 9% for treatment of burns
