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Bio 104 TO > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Food plants

A

Fruits and vegetables

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2
Q

Fruit

A

Mature ovary

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3
Q

Vegetables

A

Edible root,stem or leaf

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4
Q

Grasses

A

Feed the majority of the world human population

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5
Q

Direct drugs

A

Obtained by consuming some part of the actual plant

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6
Q

Indirect drugs

A

Are synthetic copies of natural plant chemicals

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7
Q

Textile plants

A

Have fibers or sap useful for textile products

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8
Q

Functions of a flower

A 
Produce gametes (pollen and eggs) 
Accomplish fertilization (put gametes together)
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9
Q

Why is a flower brightly colored and fragrant in smell?

A

To attract an animal that will bring pollen from one flower to the eggs of another flower

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10
Q

Whorls

Flower anatomy

A

Composed of 4 parts

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11
Q

Calyx

A

Sepals and function

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12
Q

Sepals

Calyx

A

Green leaf-like structures at flower base

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13
Q

Calyx function

A

Form bud to protect flower while it develops

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14
Q

Corolla

A

Latin for colorful and showy

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15
Q

Corals

Petals

A

Colored, marked,scented,sugar producing

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16
Q

Corolla

Function

A

Attract animal attention

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17
Q

Androecium

A

Male reproductive part

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18
Q

Stamens

A

Specific male structure

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19
Q

Anther

A

Produces pollen

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20
Q

Pollen

A

Flying sperm cell

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21
Q

Filament

A

Stalk that elevates the anther so insects can contact the pollen

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22
Q

Gynoecium

A

Female reproductive part

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23
Q

Pistil/carpel

A

Actual female structure

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24
Q

Stigma

A

Entrance to the female reproductive system

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25
Q

Style

A

Long connector stigma and ovary

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26
Q

Ovary

A

Egg producing structure

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27
Q

Ovules

A

Eggs

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28
Q

Perfect flower

A

Both male and female reproductive systems

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29
Q

Imperfect

A

Male or female flower, but not both systems

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30
Q

Inflorescence types

A

Arrangement of flowers on stem

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31
Q

Pollination

A

Act of getting pollen from a stamen to a stigma

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32
Q

Self pollination

A

Pollen from one flower fertilizes the eggs of the same flower

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33
Q

Cross pollination

A

Pollen from one flower fertilizes eggs from a different flower

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34
Q

Where does a fruit come from?

A

A flower

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35
Q

Purpose of a fruit?

A

Aid in seed dispersal

36
Q

Fruit type : fleshy

A

Seeds mature while fruit is succulent

37
Q

Fruit type: dry

A

Seeds mature after fruit dehydrates and as a number of ovaries that form the fruit

38
Q

Fruit type : simple

A

Fruit formed from one ovary

39
Q

Fruit type: compound

A

Fruit formed from several ovaries

40
Q

Fleshy simple fruit types

A

Berry, drupe, pome, pepo, hesperidium

41
Q

Fleshy compound fruit types

A

Aggregate, and multiple

42
Q

Dehiscent

A

Splits open when mature to allow seeds to disperse

43
Q

Dry simple fruits

A

Follicle, legume, and capsule

44
Q

Indehiscent

A

Do not split open

45
Q

Nut

A

Hard, semi-woody shell

46
Q

Achene

A

Thin, flat fruit

Ex. Sunflower

47
Q

Samara

A

An achene with a wing

Ex. Maple, sycamore

48
Q

Grain or caryopsis

A

Fruits of the grass family

Ex. Corn, rice, wheat, and rye

49
Q

Dry drupe

A

Single large seed surrounded by dry flesh

Ex. Coconut

50
Q

Wood classification

Herbaceous

A

Soft and fleshy

51
Q

Wood classification

Woody

A

Hard and rigid

52
Q

Primary xylem

A

Only herbaceous

53
Q

Secondary xylem

54
Q

Ligin and tannin

A

Waste products (very durable)

55
Q

Ligin

A

Dense, bitter, dark

56
Q

Tannin

57
Q

Vascular cambium

A

Special place that makes wood ( continuous mitosis)

58
Q

Primary growth

A

Growth and height

59
Q

Secondary growth

A

Horizontal growth (growth in diameter) never stop growing

60
Q

Wood types

Hardwoods

A

Woody plant that is a flowering plant (oak,hickory, maple)

61
Q

Wood types

Softwoods

A

Gymnosperms or conifer

62
Q

Annular Growth rings

A

Amount of wood produced in one year

63
Q

Spring wood

A

Think layer light color

64
Q

Summer wood

A

Thin layer dark in color

65
Q

Ring porous

A

Woody plant with distinct growth rings

66
Q

Diffuse porous

A

Woody plant with no growth rings

67
Q

Wood types

Heartwood

A

Middle of the wood (no longer moves water)

68
Q

Wood types

Sap wood

A

Outer part of the wood light in color (younger)

69
Q

Angiosperms

A

Covered seed plants

Phylum: Anthophyta

70
Q

Angiosperms sig. characteristics

A 
Largest plant group (235,000)
Reproduce sexually via flowers 
-flower: depend on animals to bring pollen 
House seeds in fruits
-fruit: forms from a fruit
71
Q

Coevolution

A

Occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other’s evolution through the process of natural selection

72
Q

Monoecious

A

Having both the male and female reproductive organs in the same hermaphrodite

73
Q

Dioecious

A

Having the male and female reproductive organs in separate individuals

74
Q

Classes of flowering plants

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

A 
One cotyledon in seed 
Long narrow leaves 
Parallel leaf veination
Flower parts in groups of 3
Vascular bundles scattered 
Fibrous root system
75
Q

Classes of flowering plant

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

A 
Two dicotyledons in seed
Broad leaves 
Netted or brunched veination
Flower parts in groups of 4 or 5
Taproot system
Vascular bundles in a ring
76
Q

Common orders of monocots

A

Liliidae- lilies,irises,orchids,onions and garlic
Arecidae- palms, palmettos
Commenlinidae-grasses

77
Q

Common orders of dicots

A 
Rosidae- roses,apples, plums 
Asteridae- sunflowers,dandelions, daisies
Dilleniidae-melons,squash,cucumbers
Hamamelidae- oak,hickory,walnut 
Magnollidae- magnolia, poplar, sassafras
Caryophyliidae-cacti
78
Q

Gymnosperms

A

Naked seed plants

79
Q

Vascular tissue

Xylem

A

Transports and stores water

80
Q

Vascular tissue

Phloem

A

Transports sugars, proteins, and other organic molecules

81
Q

Seed

A

A flowering plants unit of reproduction,capable of developing into another such plant

82
Q

Seed embryo

A

Contains the earliest forms of a plant’s roots,stem and leaves

83
Q

Seed cotyledon

A

A significant part of the embryo within the seed of the plant

84
Q

Seed coat

A

Protective outer coat of a seed

85
Q

Cone

A

Also called strobilus, in botany, mass of scales or bracts,usually ovate in shape, containing the reproductive organs of certain non flowering plants

86
Q

Ovulate cone

A

The Female cone contains ovules which, when fertilized by pollen, become seeds.

87
Q

Staminate cone

A

Male pine cones that are very small on size, ranging from 1 to 2 cm in diameter,and are produced on the same tree as a ovulate cone

Bio 104 TO (1 decks)

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