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History Of Psych > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

naturalism and evolution

A

naturalism - spiritual and supernatural experiences are not studied, only things arising from the natural world
immunity versus change

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2
Q

Anaximander

A

interested in the origins of life

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3
Q

cyell versus cuvier

A

uniformitarianism versus catastrphic

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4
Q

lyell versus cuvier

A

uniformitarianism versus catastrphic

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5
Q

uniformitarianism

A

assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in our present-day scientific observations have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe

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6
Q

Catastrophisn

A

Catastrophism is the theory that the Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope.

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7
Q

Erasmus Darwin

A

radicalist, naturalism, darwin’s granfather, deism( belief in an supreme being that doesnt intervene in the universe) followed by clockwork humans had

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8
Q

Lamarck

A

extinctions, how organisms change during their lifetimes and then pass those genes on to their offspring, adopted by the soviets

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9
Q

Charels Darwin

A

Galapagos, Patagonia, theory of natural selection and sexual selection -inter vs intrasexual selection

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10
Q

Darwin and Wallace

A

Both studied the theory of natural selection, wallace believed that Natural Selection couldn’t explain intelligence alone that there must be a higher power but darwin didn’t agree

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11
Q

Romanes and the richness orientation

A

Comparative psychology, Romanes focused on anecdotal evidence of animal features. the primary underlying approach of ethnology

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12
Q

Spencer

A

enthusiatic support of evolution, applied scientific theory to philosophy forerunner “survival of the fittest”, happiness as an adaptation to the environment.

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13
Q

Huxley versus Wilburforce

A

why evolution is still such a political hot potato

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14
Q

Huxley

A

sided with the theory of Natural seleciton, science

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15
Q

Willburforce

A

reject the theory of natural selection, religious

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16
Q

Galvanii

A

Frog spines hooked to iron railing by brass hooks, yield continual muscle contractions- electical properties of the nervous system

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17
Q

Golgi and his silver stain

A

Nerve Net - continuous connection between nerves

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18
Q

Cajal, roman, wydel

A

the neuron doctrine- roman and cajal - improve silver stain stain and find they don’t fuse together

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19
Q

Pascal and Galileo

A

interest in dice

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20
Q

Gauss and the normal curve

A

crime, illiteracy, physical measurements

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21
Q

Galton

A

statistical inquieires into prayer, victoirian science, regression, correlation, scattergrams, physical and psychological measurements, the inheritence of genius

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22
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

application of statistics to social phenomena, death rates in military hospitals

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23
Q

Mill

A

probabilistic not deterministic

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24
Q

Psychophysics

A

relationships between the world and the subjective, impression

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25
Weber
thresholds and the aesthesiometer- measure tactile sensitivity of the cornea, weber mapped out cutaneous sensitivity webber's illusion- webber's law- change in stimulus is proportional to the origional stimulus The UND-
26
Hegel
sciene isn't making humanity happy, and it is inadequate.
27
chaos theory
points in historyinterdisciplinary theory stating that, within the apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems, there are underlying patterns, constant feedback loops, repetition, self-similarity, fractals, and self-organization.
28
university versus domain specific theory
Domain specific theory-arning theories of development hold that we have many independent, specialized knowledge structures, rather than one cohesive knowledge structure. University theory-
29
Fetchner
physics, medicine, and philosophy, student of weber. Fetchner's law
30
Helmholtz
retina retraticion, opthalamascope, depth perception
31
the maxwell
red, green, blue can mi to form all other colors, ancestor of modern color perception
32
Wundt
first experimental lab of psychology in Leizpig Germany
33
Titchner
brought wundtian psychology to USA
34
structuralism
the elements of mind, more introspection, must use analogy to animals
35
Muller
strict experiments on psychophysics
36
Ebbingnaus
nonsense syllables and retention curves. Also worked on testing
37
Functionalism
dynamic and adaptive features of experience..how, not what
38
Dewy
founder of functionalism reflex as a continuous process of premier educator
39
Angell
mental operations, versus mental stuff
40
William James
Physiologist who created a psychology -founded psych lab at harvard and wrote "principles of psychology" as a philosphy. not experiement. Individualism analaysis at bilogical and psychological levels without ultimate reduction. Free willl and muralism "you should" radical empiricism - experience is only object, but if experienced it must ba subject
41
pragmatic values
no distraction from emotion
42
James Lange theory
radical empiricism, fundamental flaw
43
James thought
we are not blank slates primary and secondary memory - immediate vs limited orgamization, active rehearsal and interest as determinants of memory self-esteem - success/pretensions
44
more functionalists
munsterberg: applications of functionalism to daily life forensic and industrial psychology : finds and destroy G. Stanley Hall: A founde of developmental psychology, evolutionary perspective.
45
Hall's thoughts
ontogeny recaps phylogeny, biological methodds to address the child and animal storm and stress in adolescence - treatment of the elderly later adopted by piaget
46
Woodsworth
S( stimulus) - O(organisms) - R ( Response)
47
Calkins
fuse structuralism and functionalism
48
Terman
brought IQ tests to America the stanfor binet
49
Yerkes-
army alpha and beta and WWI
50
Cattell's
fluid and crystalized intelligence
51
Thorndike's connectionism
- objective psychology of the observable - actions of living organisms - cats in the puzzle box - smarter than dogs not equal - laws of effects, exercise - concern that behaviorism would become "Restrictive orthadoxy"
52
Meye
-studief only observable human behavior - not animals
53
McDougall
-hormic urges and mechanistic learning- stimuli response
54
Holt
the wish as an unspecidfied but clearly behavioal mechanism
55
Hunter
accepted several methods, including field and clinical studies
56
John Watson
formal founding of american behaviorism, restrictive orthadoxy
57
Watson thought
- relgious faith in my science - prediction and control - havit systems and animal psychology, attempted fieldwork
58
neobehavioralism
Hull, dominant figure in psychology from 1930-1050 | -mathematical deductive psychology
59
Law of contingency
connections are learned when stimuli are arranged as effective cues for the desired response
60
EC Tolman
rejection of straight stimulus response formula- too much of the cognitive left out of watson's formula

History Of Psych (1 decks)

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