Exam 2 Flashcards
Which signal, other than a distress signal, can be used by a vessel to attract attention?
Searchlight beam
A vessel may use any sound or light signals to attract the attention of another vessel as long as __________.
the signal cannot be mistaken for a signal authorized by the Rules
Which signal may at some time be exhibited by a vessel trawling?
All of the above
Which factor is listed in the Rules as one which must be taken into account when
determining safe speed?
The maneuverability of the vessel
Which vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can only navigate inside a narrow channel?
A vessel of less than 20 meters in length
What is the definition of transverse metacenter?
The point to which G may rise and still permit the vessel to possess positive stability.
If the vertical center of gravity (VCG) of a ship rises, the righting arm (GZ) for the various angles of inclination will
decrease
Transverse stability calculations require the use of __________.
hydrostatic curves
Which represents the righting arm?
GZ
A vertical shift of weight to a position above the vessel’s center of gravity will __________.
decrease the righting moments
When making a turn (course change) on most merchant ships, the vessel will heel outwards if __________.
G is above the center of lateral resistance
Which statement is TRUE of a stiff vessel?
She will have a large metacentric height.
Metacentric height is an indication of a vessel’s stability __________.
for small angles of inclination
The angle of maximum righting arm corresponds approximately to the angle of __________.
deck edge immersion
A vessel’s KG is determined by __________.
dividing the total vertical moment summation by displacement
Movement of liquid in a tank when a vessel inclines causes an increase in __________.
natural rolling period
When the height of the metacenter is the same as the height of the center of gravity, the metacentric height is equal to
__________.
zero
The center of buoyancy and the metacenter are in the line of action of the buoyant force __________.
at all times
The vertical distance between G and M is used as a measure of __________.
initial stability
The geometric center of the underwater volume is known as the __________.
center of buoyancy
The weight of the liquid displaced by a vessel floating in sea water is equal to the __________.
total weight of the vessel
The weight of the liquid displaced by a vessel floating in sea water is equal to the __________.
total weight of the vessel
The original equilibrium position is always unstable when __________.
metacentric height is negative
At an angle of loll, the capsizing moment is __________.
zero
Aboard a vessel, dividing the sum of the vertical moments by the total weight yields the vessel’s __________.
height of the center of gravity
As the displacement of a vessel increases, the detrimental effect of free surface __________.
decreases
Many vessels are provided with flume tanks, which also have a dump tank located under the flume tanks. In the event the ship is damaged, you could dump the flume tanks into the dump tank which would __________.
free reduce the surface effect and lower the KG
The most detrimental effect on initial stability is a result of liquids __________.
flowing in and out of a holed wing tank
The effect of free surface on initial stability depends upon __________.
the dimensions of the liquid surface and the vessel’s displacement
Which statement about free surface is TRUE?
Pocketing occurs at small angles of inclination when a tank is 98% full.
A vessel is equipped with cross-connected deep tanks. In which situation should the cross-connection valve be closed?
The tanks are partially filled with liquid cargo.
Increasing the number of slack liquid tanks has the effect of raising the __________.
virtual height of the center of gravity
Reducing the liquid free surfaces in a vessel reduces the __________.
roll period
In order to calculate the TPI of a vessel, for any given draft, it is necessary to divide the area of the water plane by __________.
420
The maximum mean draft to which a vessel may be safely loaded is called __________.
load line draft
Your vessel is damaged and on an even keel. There is no trim. The freeboard is reduced to less than 1 foot. The rolling period is very long, and the vessel is sluggish in returning from a roll. Which action would you take FIRST to improve stability?
In calm seas lower the lifeboats to the water and keep them alongside
Your vessel has been holed in #1 hold and partially flooded. The hole is plugged against further flooding. In calculating the effect of the flooding on your transverse stability, you should use which method?
Added weight method
The stability which remains after a compartment is flooded is called __________.
damage stability
Of the following, the most important consideration for a tank vessel is __________.
the stress on the hull
A vessel’s LCG is determined by __________.
dividing the total longitudinal moment summations by displacement
Reserve buoyancy is __________.
the watertight portion of a vessel above the waterline
Which action will affect the trim of a vessel?
Moving a weight forward
The percentage of the total surface area or volume of a flooded compartment that can be occupied by water caused by damage
is known as __________.
permeability
A vessel is described as a two compartment vessel when it __________.
will float if any two adjacent compartments are flooded
Which would NOT provide extra buoyancy for a vessel with no sheer?
Higher bulwark
The “trimming arm” of a vessel is the horizontal distance between the __________.
LCB and LCG
A vessel is inclined at an angle of loll. In the absence of external forces, the righting arm (GZ) is __________.
zero
The geometric center of the water plane area is called the __________.
center of flotation
If a vessel lists to port, the center of buoyancy will __________.
move to port
During cargo operations, your vessel develops a list due to the center of gravity rising above the transverse metacenter. To
correct the list, you should __________.
add weight in the lower holds or double bottoms
You are loading in the winter in Albany, N.Y., for a voyage to a port governed by the tropical load line mark. Which of the
following statements is TRUE? (Hydrometer reading in Albany is 1.000)
The freshwater allowance and burnout to sea may be subtracted from the required freeboard in Albany.
If the metacentric height is small, a vessel will __________.
be tender
What represents the metacentric height?
GM
When a vessel has positive stability, the distance between the line of force through B and the line of force through G is called the__________.
righting arm
Addition of weight to a vessel will ALWAYS __________.
reduce reserve buoyancy
Metacentric height is a measure of __________.
initial stability only
A partially full tank causes a virtual rise in the height of the __________.
center of gravity
The difference between the height of the metacenter and the metacentric height is known as __________.
height of the center of gravity
Which will improve stability?
Pumping the bilges
On a vessel, multiplying a load’s weight by the distance of the load’s center of gravity above the baseline results in a(n)
__________.
vertical moment
Which statement about the free surface effect is TRUE?
It decreases at increased angles of heel due to pocketing when a tank is 90% full.
The greatest effect on stability occurs from loose liquids flowing __________.
in and out of a vessel that is holed in a wing tank
The correction to KG for transverse free surface effects may be found by dividing the vessel’s displacement into the __________.
sum of the transverse free surface moments of the vessel
Your vessel is damaged and listing to port. The rolling period is long, and the vessel will occasionally assume a starboard list. Which action should you take FIRST?
Press up a slack centerline double bottom tank
A vessel aground may have negative GM since the __________.
displacement lost acts at the point where the ship is aground
Before counterflooding to correct a list, you must be sure the list is due to which of the following choices?
flooding
Aboard damaged vessels, the MOST important consideration is preserving __________.
reserve buoyancy
You are fighting a fire in a watertight compartment using hoses and river water. Stability may be reduced because of __________.
increase in free surface which reduces the metacentric height
The normal tendency for a loaded tanker is to __________.
sag
Those ship’s tanks that are particularly important for trimming the ship are the __________.
peaks
When a vessel’s LCG is aft of her LCB, the vessel will __________.
trim by the stern
If a vessel is sagging, what kind of stress is placed on the sheer strake?
Compression
The maximum length allowed between main, transverse bulkheads on a vessel is referred to as the __________.
permissible length
The water plane area is described as the intersection of the surface of the water in which a vessel floats and the __________.
hull
Your vessel has just finished bunkering and has a small list due to improper distribution of the fuel oil. This list will cause
__________.
None of the above
Assuming an even transverse distribution of weight in a vessel, which condition could cause a list?
Empty double-bottoms and lower holds, and a heavy deck cargo
With no environmental forces, the center of gravity of an inclined vessel is vertically aligned with the __________.
center of buoyancy
Aboard a vessel, dividing the sum of the transverse moments by the total weight yields the vessel’s __________.
transverse position of the center of gravity
You are loading at port A, governed by the summer load line mark, for a voyage to port B, governed by the winter mark. The fresh water allowance is 10”, and the hydrometer reads 1.020. Which statement is TRUE?
You may load to the summer mark plus 2 inches if you will be at the winter mark when entering the winter zone
Which statement about the free surface correction is TRUE?
The correction decreases as the draft increases due to loading dry cargo.
One of the main purposes of the inclining experiment on a vessel is to determine the __________.
location of the center of gravity of the light ship
A negative metacentric height __________.
should always be immediately corrected
Which will be a result of removing on-deck containers?
Metacentric height will increase
A virtual rise in the center of gravity may be caused by __________.
using an on board crane to lift a freely swinging heavy object
In small angle stability, the metacentric height __________.
is calculated by subtracting KG from KM
The righting moment can be determined by multiplying the displacement by the __________.
righting arm (GZ)
The center of buoyancy is located at the __________.
geometric center of the displaced volume
A neutral equilibrium position for a vessel means that the metacenter is __________.
at the same height as the center of gravity
Free communication effect is in direct proportion to __________.
length and width of space
Which statement about the free surface effect is TRUE?
It has the same affect on initial stability whether the tank is 75% full or 25% full.
Which statement about the free surface correction is TRUE?
It is obtained by dividing the free surface moments by 12 times the volume of displacement.
The correction to KG for longitudinal free surface effects for a vessel can be found by dividing the vessel’s displacement into the__________.
sum of the longitudinal free surface moments of the vessel
A vessel aground may have negative GM since the __________.
displacement lost acts at the point where the ship is aground
Your vessel is damaged, and there is no list or trim. The rolling period is short. The freeboard before the damage was 12’02” (3.7 meters). It is now reduced to 3’00”(1 meter). Which action would you take FIRST?
Pump out an amidships centerline ballast tank
The amount of freeboard which a ship possesses has a tremendous effect on its __________.
stability at large angles of inclination
When a vessel’s LCG is aft of her LCB, the vessel will __________.
trim by the stern
Aboard a vessel, dividing the sum of the transverse moments by the total weight yields the vessel’s __________.
transverse position of the center of gravity
If your vessel will list with equal readiness to either side, the list is most likely caused by __________.
negative GM
If your vessel has a list to port due to negative GM and off-center weight, the first corrective measure you should take is to __________.
fill the starboard double-bottom
A negative metacentric height __________.
should always be immediately corrected
A virtual rise in the center of gravity may be caused by __________.
using fuel from a pressed fuel tank
In small-angle stability, when external forces exist, the buoyant force is assumed to act vertically upwards through the center of buoyancy and through the __________.
metacenter
Addition of weight above the center of gravity of a vessel will ALWAYS __________.
reduce initial stability
The value of the righting arm at an angle of loll is __________.
zero
When the height of the metacenter is less than the height of the center of gravity, a vessel has which type of stability?
Unstable
Reducing free surfaces has the effect of lowering the __________.
virtual height of the center of gravity
Your vessel is damaged and partially flooded. It is listing 12° to port and trimmed 8 feet down by the head. It has a long, slow, sluggish roll. Which action should you take FIRST?
Press up an after, slack, centerline double bottom tank
Your vessel is listing because of a negative GM. To lower G below M, you should __________.
add weight symmetrically below G
A barge more than 50 meters long is required to show how many white anchor lights when anchored in a Secretary approved “special anchorage area”?
2
BOTH INTERNATIONAL & INLAND A 30-meter tug is underway and NOT towing. At night, this vessel must show sidelights and
__________.
one masthead light and a stern light
BOTH INTERNATIONAL & INLAND Which statement is TRUE when you are towing more than one barge astern at night?
All barges in the tow must be lighted.
BOTH INTERNATIONAL & INLAND The minimum length of a power-driven vessel that must show forward and after masthead
lights is __________.
50 meters
BOTH INTERNATIONAL & INLAND A vessel 25 meters in length must have which sound signaling appliance onboard?
Whistle and bell only
Your 40-foot auxiliary sailing vessel has just run aground on a bar. She has a relatively long, deep keel and the tide is falling.
You have checked the bilges for damage and found none. Which is the most prudent action to take immediately?
Strike the sails. Then run a kedge anchor out to one side, hook the main halyard to it, and heave the boat down onto one side.
In accordance with U.S regulations, your cargo vessel must have which of the following?
Sufficient facilities for the crew to wash their clothes
What is the largest crew a cargo vessel may carry without having a hospital space?
11
What is the maximum number of crew members that may be berthed in one room aboard your cargo vessel?
Four
Which statement about the hospital space on a cargo ship is TRUE?
If a ship has a crew of forty-five who do not have their own room, the hospital must have four berths
In accordance with U.S. regulations for cargo vessels, what is the maximum number of sleeping accommodations a barge may have before it is required to have fire pumps, hydrants, hose, and nozzles installed?
12
On an international voyage, how many fire axes is a cargo vessel of 14,000 GT required to carry?
8
The galley on your cargo vessel has an area of 2,500 square feet. Which of the following would fulfill the minimum requirements for fire protection?
One B-II extinguisher
On cargo vessels, the discharge of the required quantity of carbon dioxide into any “tight” space shall be completed within what time period?
2 minutes
On a vessel of 125,000 GT on an international voyage, how many international shore connection flange(s) must be provided?
1
What is the minimum number of fire pumps required on a cargo vessel of 2,000 GT?
2
Under the regulations for cargo vessels, which statement is TRUE concerning fireman’s outfits?
Each fireman’s outfit shall contain a flame safety lamp of an approved type
You are ordering ship’s stores. Which statement is TRUE?
Up to five gallons of a flammable liquid may be stowed in the engine room.
A tank vessel transferring non-flammable hazardous cargo in bulk must display warning signs. These signs must __________.
use black lettering on a white background
What percent of oxygen content by volume, must each inert gas system be designed to supply the cargo tanks with a gas, or mixture of gases?
5% or less
A marine chemist issues gas free certificates and is certified by the __________.
National Fire Protection Association
What is NOT a requirement of cargo piping installed in tank vessels carrying grade D or E cargo ONLY?
The cargo piping system shall be fixed.
What is required of an access to a cargo pump room in a tank vessel carrying grade D liquid cargo?
from the open deck
What do regulations require that pump rooms on tank vessels carrying grade C liquid cargo with machinery spaces below the freeboard deck be ventilated with?
power ventilation
The tank barge on which you are preparing to load petroleum is required to have on board one B-II fire extinguisher. What does NOT meet this requirement?
5 gallon water (stored pressure)
Deck foam systems, designed to protect cargo areas on tank vessels built after January 1, 1975, must have a supply of foamproducing material to operate the system at its designed rate of foam production for __________.
20 minutes without recharging
What is the total number of approved low-velocity spray (“water-fog”) applicators required aboard a tankship?
7
How many low-velocity spray applicators are required on the weather decks of a tankship?
four
A tank barge equipped with an internal-combustion engine-driven cargo pump on the weather deck shall be provided with a minimum of one remote manual shutdown station. What is the correct location of the shutdown station?
Midpoint of the vessel or 100 feet from the engine
A barge displaying a 2’ X 3’ white sign with the word “WARNING” followed by “DANGEROUS CARGO” in black letters __________.
would require that a cargo information card be carried in the pilothouse of the towboat
A loaded hopper barge with independent tanks has a placard, with alternating red and white quadrants, on each side and end. Which statement concerning this barge is TRUE?
The barge must be in a protected position within the tow.
According to the regulations, to prevent excessive pressure buildup in cargo tanks containing LFG, they are fitted with __________.
safety relief valves
On a vapor control system, what must each vessel’s vapor connection flange have?
stud at least 1” long projecting from the flange face
Steam driven pumps are considered, by regulations, sources of vapor ignition if the steam temperature is at least what temperature?
500° F
