exam 2 Flashcards
Statute 872.01
Dealing in dead bodies
Whoever buys, sells or has possession of a dead body to buy or sell or traffic it will be guilty of a 1st degree misdemeanor
Statute 872.01
Dealing in dead bodies
You can only own human skeleton remains for teaching purposes
Statute 872.02 injuring or removing a tomb stone
3rd degree felony when you purposely destroy a tomb or monument and anything related to it.
2nd degree felony when you tamper with the actual skeleton remains
872.05 unmarked human burial
less than 75 years its the medical examiners responsibility. If it is more than 75 the state archeologist involved
Taphonomy traits for teaching
-Hardware holds mandible & cranium
-Drill holes
- commercial bleaching
-More teeth more expensive skeleton
-Patina
-sticker/writing
-table fractures (bottom of skull)
-chip teeth
dirty appearance from dust
birth years of skeltons at William Bass collection
1892-2016
documented collection
Knowing who the individual was and their medical history
What are some issues with the collection demographics
1) They are all donated
2) Mainly old skeletons not many young skeletons
3) Common group White male, white women, and black male
Why doesn’t ancestory method not work at William Bass collection?
There isn’t enough Spanish or asian skeletons
University of Tennessee maceration area
They used crockpots with steam instead of water to help preserve the bone
University of Tennessee old anthropology lab
Lacked security and was located under a football stadium
UT new anthropology building
-Named after William Bass
UT Body farm
2 or 3 acres (kind of small)
located behind a medical hospital
double fenced
When do rodents chew on bone ?
after a year of decompostion
who gets trained at UT
Law enforcement and CSI
Owning human remains federal v. state
No federal law that prevents ownership of human remains.
State laws have restrictions Georgia, Tennessee and New York
origin of teaching material. original supplier for human remains
India
Why did we stop using Indias remains
Ethical issues poor country they though they were killing children to make profit off their skeleton. law change in 1987.selling their own body before they died. digging up skeletons from cemetery .very poor country
The second main supplier became and why did they stop ?
China eventually stopped because of the olympics
Where do we get our skeletons from today ?
Europe but it is hard to get good quality remains
Where do you purchase skeleton remains?
- Flea market
- Second hand stores
- Ebay (use to be major source)no soft tissue can be adhered 2016 banned from human skeleton sales
- online stores
Ebay example
Women tries to sell mummy on eBay port huron, Michigan on oct,2006. remains had soft tissue . cops where called by a lady in NC to take the bid off.
eBay example investigation
they investigated the skeleton to see if it was forensic or non forensic. It was a old mummified skeleton used to teach gross anatomy had chemicals on the remains to preserve it
MNI stand for ?
Minimum # of individuals
duplication
no two bones are the same
cominging
bones from more than one individual mixing
When you sort out remains you determine
MNI and comining
Joint surface concurrence
ensuring that articular surface of bones match. joint has to match joint damage
Anatomical landmarks
precise points used for measurments
Anthropometry
measuring both living and dead
osteometry
measuring of the skeleton and its parts
Sliding Caliper
measuring points close together (most common tool )
Spreading calipers
measurig points of a skull that cant be taken in a staright line
Osteometric
measuring longbone and other large bones (lengths)
os coxa & scapula
Tape measure
record circumfrence of longebone shafts
Forsdic is
systematic computer program at UT .we can measure cranial ,mandible, post cranium
Determination of sex
we determine biological sex when looking at the skeleton
Sexing subadults
not biologicaly mature
can not tell gender in kids until puberty
Sexual dimorphism
one sex is larger than the other
gracile=female
robust=male
verticle diameter of humeral head
FEMALE
female less than 43mm
verticle diameter of humeral head
Sex intermidiate
sex disasters 44-46mm
verticle diameter of humeral head
MALE
male 47mm greater
Single measurment used when
only during mass disasters not really acurate for sex determination
Subpubic angle sacrum for males
less than 90 degrees (v)
Subpubic angle sacrum females
greater than 90 degrees (u)
greater sciatic notch
narrow in males
wide in females
Pelvic intel shape female
females wide and flarring iliac bones and pelvic intel brim is wider and oval from side to side
Pelvic intel shape male
narrow and heart shaped
auricular surface male v. female
males flatter
female raised
preauricular sulcus
groove between auricular surface and greater sciatic notch. occurs more frequently in females and if present in males is poorly developed
stature
over estimated in males and underestimated in females typical range 6-8 inches
stature methods by thomas dwight
propping up bones in modeling clay . we do not use clay today and we barely ever have the whole skeleton to do sature
