Exam 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Vitelline Arteries form what 3 structures
A
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
2
Q
Vitelline arteries supple blood to…
A
The yolk sac
3
Q
Sinus venareum (smooth wall portion of R.Atrium) develop from
A
Right Sinus Horn of Sinus Venosus
4
Q
Right and Left Vitelline Valves form the…
A
Portal vein
5
Q
The Left sinus horn of SV forms the…
A
Coronary sinus &
Left vein of left atrium
6
Q
Left umbilical vein forms…
A
Ductus venosus
7
Q
Right anterior cardinal vein develops into the…
A
Superior vena cava
8
Q
Umbilical artery develops into the..
A
Medial umbilical ligament
9
Q
Ductus venosus connects the ______ to ______
A
Left umbilical vein to inferior vena cava
10
Q
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to ______
A
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
11
Q
Ductus arteriosus shunts blood from
A
RV to LV
12
Q
Atrioventricular swellings from…
A
Valve cusp
Cordae tendineae
13
Q
Embryonic ventricle forms…
A
Papillary muscle
14
Q
Bulbous cordis forms…
A
Membranous IV septum
Right ventricular outflow tract
Left ventricular outflow tract
15
Q
Truncus arteriosus forms…
A
Proximal part of aorta
Promximal part of pulmonary artery/trunk
16
Q
Ductus Venosus shunts blood from…
A
RA to LA
17
Q
Arch I
A
Maxillary artery
18
Q
Arch II
A
Hyoid and stapedial artery
19
Q
Arch III
A
Common and carotid artery
20
Q
Arch IV Left
A
Arch of Aorta
21
Q
Arch IV Right
A
Right Subclavian Artery
22
Q
Arch VI Left
A
Left Pulmonary Artery &
Ductus Arteriosus
23
Q
Arch VI Right
A
Right Pulmonary Artery
24
Q
Muscular interventricular septum develops from
A
Embryonic ventricle
25
IVC is formed from
Sub cardinal vein
Sacrocardinal vein
Vitelline vein
26
Ostium secundum forms where?
In the septum primum
27
Umbilical vein forms __________ after birth
Round ligament of the liver
28
Renal vein forms from the ________
Subcardinal vein
29
Subcardinal vein develops because of the ______________
Development of the kidney
30
Vitelline veins form the following...
Portal vein
Hepatocardiac part of IVC
Hepatic veins
R & L hepatic sinusoids
31
The Left Venous Valve forms what in the adult heart
Interatrial septum
32
Membranous interventricular septum develops from the _______
Bulbous cordis
33
Sinoatrial swelling forms...
Right atrioventricular valve
34
Pectinate muscle develops from...
Embryonic atrium
35
R & L venous valves fuse and form
Septum spurium
36
Foramen ovale is formed by...
Septum secundum
Left venous valve
Ostium secundum
37
Septum primum forms the...
Valve of foramen ovale
38
Sinus venosus forms...
Sinus venareum
39
Smoothed wall part of the left atrium develops from
Pulmonary vein
40
Sacrocardinal veins fuse with the growth of the...
Lower limbs
41
Sacrocardinal veins form the
Common iliac veins
42
Subcardinal veins form the
Subcardinal portion of inferior vena cava
43
Left cardinal vein forms...
Nothing..it disappears
44
After birth, ductus venosus becomes...
Ligamentum venosum
45
After birth, the foramen ovale forms...
Fossa ovalis
46
After birth, ductus arteriosus forms...
Ligamentum arteriosum
47
The foregut gives rise to what structures?
```
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Liver
Pancreas
Respiratory system
```
48
What 3 areas does the endoderm give rise to?
Pharynx
Respiratory
GI
49
What structures form as part of the pharynx?
```
Epithelial parts of:
Pharynx
Thyroid
Tympanic cavity
Tonsils, parathyroid
```
50
What structures form as part of the respiratory?
Epithelial parts of:
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
51
What structures form as part of the GI?
Epithelial part of GI tract
Liver, pancreas
Urinary bladder
Urachus
52
What is fistula?
Incomplete separation of trachea and esophagus
53
Why does the trachea-esophageal septum form?
Different growth rates
54
Rotation of the stomach forms what?
Loop in the mesentery
55
The dorsal mesentery gives rise to...
Dorsal mesogastrium
56
Ventral mesentery gives rise to...
Ventral mesogastrium
57
Fundus of the stomach becomes what?
Greater curvature of the stomach
58
Ventral mesogastrium eventually becomes...
Lesser omentum
59
Dorsal mesogastrium eventually forms what
Greater omentum
60
What causes the “rotation” of the stomach?
Rotation of small intestine
61
What is the pace behind the stomach called?
Omental Bursa
62
The omentum exists due to the _____ nature of the dorsal mesogastrium
Fixed
63
The liver is an outgrowth of what?
Duodenum
64
What it’s the fastest growing organ in the embryo?
Liver
65
The ventral and dorsal mesentery are lined with CT that is part of the ___________
Peritoneum
66
__________ ligament supports the umbilical vein
Falciform
67
In the adult, where do we see the falciform ligament?
Attached to round ligament
68
The liver is primarily a ____________ organ
Peritoneal
69
When the liver develops, there is no visceral peritoneum. What is that area called?
Bare area
70
What two structured come together to form the liver?
Parenchyma cells
| Hepatic sinusoids
71
Parenchyma forms from
Foregut
72
Hepatic sinusoids form from what?
Vatelline veins
73
What two areas of outgrowth form on the foregut?
Gallbladder
| Ventral pancreas
74
The ventral pancreas arises from?
Bile duct (from foregut)
75
The dorsal pancreas come from?
Outgrowth of the foregut
76
Anything that develops from the midgut is supplied by what?
Mesenteric artery
77
The midgut is defined as the space between _________ and _________
Liver bud
| Posterior intestinal portal
78
The primary loop of the midgut gives us what two limbs?
Cranial
| Caudal
79
The cranial limb of the primary loop forms what?
Small intestine:
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
80
The caudal limb of the primary loop forms what?
```
Large intestine:
Cecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
Proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
```
81
Midgut goes through ___________ __________ to achieve rotation
Physiological herniation
82
Pouch 1
Auditory tube
83
Pouch 2
Palatine tonsil
84
Pouch 3
Thymus and inferior parathyroid
85
Pouch 4
Superior parathyroid
86
Pouch 5
Ultimobrachial body (C-cells)
87
Pharyngeal cleft 1
External acoustic meatus
88
The tongue develops in conjunction with the __________
Pharyngeal arches
89
The heart tube develops from what?
4 angiogenic cells
90
Which part of the heart develops fastest?
Ventricle
91
Right anterior cardinal vein drains...
Upper 1/2 of embryo
92
Right common cardinal vein drains..
Inferior 1/2 of embryo
93
Umbilical veins transport blood from _____ to _____
Umbilical to heart
94
Vitelline veins carry blood from _____ to _____
Yolk sac to heart
95
Ostium secundum shunts blood from _____ to ____
Right to left atrium
96
Sinoatrial swellings provides passage to what?
Sinus venosus
97
Foramen ovale provides a shunt from _____ to _____
Right to left atrium
98
What causes the closing of foramen ovale?
Pressure in the left atrium pushes the septum primum against septum secundum
99
What causes the closure of the umbilical artery?
Thermal and mechanical changes
100
What causes the closure of the umbilical veins and ductus venosus?
They close after umbilical arteries close
101
What causes the closure of ductus arteriosus?
Bradykinin released from the lungs
102
Why does the interventricular foramen close?
Growth of the membranous part of the interventricular septum
103
Aortic arches supply blood to what
Pharyngeal arches
104
Vitelline arteries supply blood to what
Yolk sac
105
Umbilical arteries supply blood to what
Placenta
106
Most distal part of the truncus arteriosus
Aortic sac
107
Anterior cardinal veins drain what?
Cephalic end of the embryo
108
Posterior cardinal veins drain what?
Everything but cephalic end of embryo
109
Common cardinal veins drain into where
Sinus horn
110
Subcardinal veins drain
Kidney
111
Sacrocardinal veins drain
Lower limbs
112
Supracardinal veins drain
Body wall via intercostal veins
113
The developing digestive tract stays connected to the yolk sac by the __________
Vitelline veins
114
Dorsal pancreatic bud forms in the _______
Dorsal mesentery
115
Ventral pancreatic bud develops ________
Near the bile duct
116
Islets of Langerhan serve what function
Eventually secrete insulin
117
What seperates the allantois and anorectal canal?
Urorectal septum
118
Where does the thyroid gland develop?
Foramen cecum
119
What is the axis of rotation for the midgut?
Superior mesenteric artery
120
What divides the midgut into cranial and caudal portions?
Vitelline duct
121
What is the most cranial portion of the digestive tube?
Pharynx
122
Anal canal is from
Cloaca
123
The midgut is from the ______ to the ______
Liver bud to posterior intestinal portal
124
The foregut is from the ____ to _____
Lung bud to liver bud
125
The hindgut is form the ____ to ____
Posterior intestinal portal to cloacal membrane
