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Rad Phys > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

To double the density of a film by using mA’s, what do you do

A

Increase the mAs by 100%

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2
Q

Of the choices below which is true about a reciprocating grid

A

It is thicker than a stationary grid

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3
Q

When converting from a grid with a low ratio to a grid with a high ratio which of the following would be best to do to maintain good film quality

A

Increase the mA’s

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4
Q

What is recommended for spinal radiograpy in the usual chiropractic offic

A

A focus grid

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5
Q

What does using a high kV technique have

A

Produces more scatter

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6
Q

The preferred focused grid range for spinal radiography is

A

40’ to 72’

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7
Q

If a film has an overall darkened gray appearance but visible structures the probable cause of the problem would be which of the following

A

Exposure to the film scatter

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8
Q

The term “optimal kV” refers to which of the following

A

The lowest possible mAs with acceptable contrast on the film

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9
Q

How many lines per inch are recommended for stationary grid

A

100-103

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10
Q

Diminished penetration at the periphery of a grid is termed

A

Grid cut off

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11
Q

If a film is said to be “burned out” what would it look like

A

Too dark

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12
Q

Which choice below is the main reason why a fixed kV technique is preferred

A

Contrast is consistent

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13
Q

Remnant radiation refers to which of the following

A

Scattered rays that leave the patient and reach the grid, primary rays that leave the pateint and reach the grid

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14
Q

Which of the following would produce the least amount of grid lines

A

A moving grid

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15
Q

Exceeding the optimal kV range while maintaining good density will yield a film that has which of the following

A

A long scale contrast

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16
Q

As a general rule if you are going to xray an elderly patient you should do which of the following to your established radiographic technique

A

Decrease it

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17
Q

What would increase patient exposure

A

High kV technique

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18
Q

About how much increase in the mas is required when going from a non grid technique to using a technique with a 12:1 grid

A

5 times

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19
Q

If you took a 14 by 17 lateral lumbar film and saw the l5-s1 area was too light which of the following would be best

A

Take a spot 8x10 lateral and incrrease the mas by 60% and increase the kV

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20
Q

If you saw a blood vessel on end (axillary) on a chest film it would probably look like which of the four natural body desnities

A

Metal

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21
Q

If you saw 2 structures with paralleling tracks of calcification overlying the particular pillars diverging at the superior and closer at the interior what would you be looking at

A

The thyroid cartilage

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22
Q

If you took a-p lumbar on a thin patient using 85 kV at 100 mA with the exposure time of 1/2 seconds and film all structures was too likght what would be best

A

Increase the mAs by doubling it

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23
Q

What is true of reciprocating grid

A

It is thicker than a stationary grid

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24
Q

If you decided not to use a grid for AP lumbar film and adjusted the radiographic technique to maintain a good density what would be the outcome

A

The film would be very gray

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25
Q

To double density of film with kVp you should apply what rule

A

15%

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26
Q

If you compared 2 radiographics of a cervical spine with one having been taken at 40 and the other at 72 with the appropriate change in rad technique what would you find

A

On the 72 film the image will be smaller and clearer

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27
Q

Wich of the following could be a problem if your xray tube was laterally shifted from the center of the film

A

Shape distortion

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28
Q

What is the primary purpose of a grid

A

To reduce scatter radiation to film

29
Q

What increases compton’s radiation

A

Higher kVp

30
Q

What is the term used when comparing the height of the absorbing strips to width of interspacing material of a grid

A

Grid ratio

31
Q

What is the recommended optimal kV range for an a-p lumbar film

A

80-90

32
Q

When shopping for a grid which interspacing material would you want because its best for xraying spine

A

Aluminum

33
Q

What best describes back scattr

A

Scatter directed toward the tube

34
Q

If you wanted to alter your contrast so that a radiograph had more gray tones what would you increase

A

K

V

35
Q

Which effect does using a reciprocating grid have that stationary grids dones

A

It blurs out the grid lines

36
Q

Of the following which would produce film with the most visible grainy

A

High kvp/low mas fild

37
Q

In which direction do grid lines run

A

In the long axis of the patient

38
Q

Which radiograph technique would cause most absorption of xrays in patients body

A

10mas with 140 kv

39
Q

What is most common cause of blurry image in practice

A

Patient motion

40
Q

Which grid ratio is recommended for spinal filming

A

10:1

41
Q

Contrast between stuctures of diffrent subject densities is due to which of the following

A

Differential abosrption

42
Q

All other factors being equal which rad technique would demonstrate most film grain

A

100 kv with 200 ma for 1/8 of a second

43
Q

The ____ is the main function of ma’s

A

Film density

44
Q

Which of the following rad projections routinely uses an air gap technique

A

Lateral cervicals

45
Q

A film with a darkened overalll gray appearance could be caused by which of the follwing

A

Exposure of the film to scatter

46
Q

What would result in an increase in the amount of xrays passing through a patient without interaction that would produce secondary radiation

A

Higher kv

47
Q

What rad projection should routinely use compensating filtration

A

Ap thoracic, lateral thoracic and full spine

48
Q

10 day rule refers to what

A

10 days after onset of menses is the safest time for xray female

49
Q

An accurate collimator should not allow more than ____ percent of SID light outside of exposure field

A

4

50
Q

What is most effective in reducing secondary radiation

A

Filtration

51
Q

Too high of a kV will have what effect on the film

A

Quantum mottle

52
Q

Which step should you take when xraying an elderly female

A

Decrease mas by 30-50%

53
Q

Rays that exit the patient and hit the film are termed what

A

Remnant rays

54
Q

How much increase in mas is needed to maintain the same density when reducing the xray field form 14x17 to 8x10

A

60%

55
Q

Which is not true about xray beam

A

More peripheral parts of the beam cause less distortion

56
Q

A film exposed to secondary radiation will ahve which of the following appearances

A

It grays the film making dark

57
Q

What would be most likely to decrease amount of scattered radiation to a film

A

An increase in patient sizing/ma’s

58
Q

When xraying an elderly obese patient which of the following would be helpful in obtaining the best quality film

A

Using a lower kv in the optimal range

59
Q

What would cause a decrease in subject density

A

Disuse atophy

60
Q

If you increasee the mas and reduce the kv from a given radiographic technique what would be the outcome

A

It would have more contrast

61
Q

To decrease the density of a previous film by 1/2 what would you do

A

Decreease ma’s by 50%

62
Q

If film is too dark it is said to bewhat

A

Overexposed

63
Q

What rad techniqe would have the shortest scale of contrast

A

60 kv with 100 ma for 2 seconds

64
Q

How many kv would be needed to make slightest visible change in density on radiograph using single phase unit

A

4

65
Q

What effect would adding 100% more mas to a radiographic technique have

A

Double the density of the film

66
Q

What best describes what you should expect if you retake an AP lumbar with 15% decrease in kV and leave the ma’s constant

A

The density of the film would be reduced by 1/2

67
Q

What is the recommended optimal kv range for ap thoracic film

A

75-85

68
Q

What refers to an attenuation of part of the beam by the grid

A

Grid cut off

69
Q

A film that is lighter on one side than the other most likley indicates what

A

Grid cut off

Rad Phys (1 decks)

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