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NRS 220 - ADLT CARE > EXAM 2 > Flashcards

EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Decreased hemoglobin sythesis, body does not have enough iron to produce RBCs; mainfestations include pallor, glossitis, chelitis

A

Iron-deficiency anemia

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2
Q

Treatment for iron-deficiency anemia

A

Eat high iron foods (meats, eggs, dried fruit), oral iron supplements taken one hour before meals, liquid iron (drink w/straw)

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3
Q

Populations suseptible to iron deficiency anemia

A

Elderly, low socioeconimic background, menstruating women

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4
Q

Anemia due to abnormal hemoglobin sythesis; autoimmune; manifestations including SOB, fatigue, tinnitus

A

Thalassemia (Thalassemia Major)

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5
Q

Type of anemia due to a decrease in secretion of protein intrinsic factor resulting in malabsorption of Vitamin B12

A

Colbalmin Vitamin b12 deficiency

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6
Q

Causes and etiology of Colbalmin deficiency

A

Pericious anemia, alcoholism, gastic problems, GI disorders

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7
Q

Manifestions of Colbalmin deficiency

A

Sore beefy red tongue, n&v, anorexia, abdominal pain, neurological weakness, paresthesias in hands and feet, impaired though processes

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8
Q

Anemia due to dietary deficiency or malabsorption

A

Folic acid deficiency

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9
Q

Treatment for Colbalmin anemia

A

Cobalmin treatment for life; either parenteral or intranasal administration

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10
Q

Manifestations of folic acid deficiency

A

No neuro symptoms, sore beefy tongue, n&v

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11
Q

Treatment for folic acid deficiency

A

Folic acid replacement; green leafy vegetable consumption, liver, fish, legumes

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12
Q

Anemia characterized by pancytopenia, decrease in all blood cell types; congenital or aquired

A

Aplastic anemia

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13
Q

Symptoms of aplastic anemia

A

Fatigue, SOB, epitaxis, petechiae, tachycardia

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14
Q

Treatment of aplastic anemia

A

Treat primary cause, prevent infection and hemorrage, immunosupression, stem cell transplant

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15
Q

Treatment of Thalassemia

A

No specific drugs or therapies, manage with blood tranfusions and/or IV Desferal

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16
Q

What does PLISSIT stand for?

A

Permission
Limited Information
Specific Suggestions
Intensive Therapy

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17
Q

PLISSIT; most basic level of intervention, allows pt. to express concern while reassuring their feelings are normal and acceptable.

A

P - permission

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18
Q

PLISSIT; often provided in group setting, pt. and their partner address concerns about impact of condition or disease on sexual expression, factual information like pamphlets, handouts, resource lists

A

L. I. - limited information

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19
Q

PLISSIT; detailed sexual history is obtained, aimed at solving specific problem, goals and interventions

A

S. S. - Specific Suggestions

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20
Q

PLISSIT; sex therapy, counseling, psychotherapy performed by specialist to address specific problem

A

I. T. - Intensive Therapy

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21
Q

Bilateral, bandlike pressure at the base of the skull lasting 30 min. to 7 hrs.

A

Tension headache

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22
Q

Unilateral, throbbing pain, lasting 4-72 hrs., nausea, vomiting, sweating, photophobia, phonophobia

A

MIgraine headaches

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23
Q

Unilateral, radiating from eye, severe pain lasting 5 min to hrs., typically nocturnal with facial flushing, pallor

A

Cluster headaches

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24
Q

Drugs used to lessen tension headache symptoms?

A

non-opioids, analgesics, ASA, NSAIDS, Fiornal, Tylenol, Midrin

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25
Prophylatic treatment for tension headaches
Tricyclic antidepressant, beta blockers, biofeedback, psychotherapy, muscle relaxation
26
Drugs used to lessen migraine headaches
ASA, Tylenol, ibuprofen, Ergotamine, Imitrex (triptans)
27
Prophylactic treatment for migraine headaches
Antidepressants, antiseizure meds, calcium channel blockers, serotonin antagonist, beta, blocker, biofeedback, relaxation
28
Drugs to lessen symptoms of cluster headaches
alpha adrenergic blocker, ergotamine, oxygen, serotonin receptor agonists (triptans)
29
Prophylactic treatment for cluster headaches
alpha adrenergic blockers, serotonin antagonist, corticosteroids, calcium channel blocker, biofeedback
30
4 assessment priorities in PreOp
Review of all systems Manage psychosocial concerns List medications interactions/contraind. Look for problems that could complicate surgery
31
5 Legal concerns that MUST be addressed in PreOp
``` Informed consent H&P charted Pt. teaching and "Right to Know" Consent for blood products Living will/POA/Directives ```
32
Treatment for red wound
gentle saline stream, tegaderm, hydrogels
33
Treatment for yellow wound
mechanical debridement, tissue removal, hydrocolloid, hydrogel dressings covered with gauze
34
Treatment for black wound
Mechanical, surgical or enzymatic debridement; moist to dry dressing, wound irrigation
35
Nosocimial and community aquired antibiotic resistant organism typically found in the urinary tract, blood and genital areas
VRE - vancomycin resistant enterococci
36
Nosocomial and community aquired infection typically found in a wound or on the skin
MRSA - methicillin resistant staph. aureus
37
Drugs used to treat VRE
Antibiotics other than vancomycin, penicillin, ampicillin
38
Drugs used to treat MRSA
vancomycin, linezolid, mupirocin cream
39
#1 cause of stroke
hypertension
40
Inability to recognize object by sight, touch or hearing
agnosia
41
Inability to carry out learned sequential movements or commands
apraxia
42
Stroke due to inadequate blood flow
Ischemic - thrombotic or embolic
43
Stroke due to bleeding in the brain
Hemorragic - Intracerebral, Subarachnoid
44
What side of the brain is the stroke in if a person experiences spatial-perceptual impairment, impulsivity and safety problems
Right side stroke - left side paralysis
45
What side of the brain is the stroke in if the patient has impaired right and left discrimination, slow performance, depression, anxiety and impaired comprehension to language and math
Left side stroke - right side paralysis
46
Loss of comprehension and use of language or total inability to communicate
Aphasia
47
Impaired ability to communicate
Dysphasia
48
Disturbance in muscular control of speech including articulation, pronunciation and phonation
Dysarthria
49
Describe retinal detachment
Separation of sensory retina and the underlying pigment epithelium with fluid build up between the two layers
50
Symptoms of retinal detachment
Photopsia, "cobwebs", loss of peripheral vision, "like a curtain"
51
Nursing Diagnosis for retinal detachment
Anxiety related to vision change, deficient knowledge related to symptoms, risk for impaired home maintenance
52
PostOp retinal detachment treatments
Antibiotics, corticosterioids, analgesics, mydriatics
53
Wound rupture along a surgical site
Dehiscence
54
What is a evisceration and how should it be treated?
Protruding of insides, outside of the body. Cover with moist, sterile dressing and call physician.
55
RBC normal range
male 4.7 - 6.1 | female 4.2 - 5.4
56
Hematocrit normal range
male 42 - 52% | female 37 - 47%
57
Normal ranges for Albumin
3.5 - 5 g/dL
58
Normal ranges for Creatinine
male 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL | female 0.5 - 1.1 mg/dL
59
Normal ranges for BUN
10 - 20 mg/dL
60
Normal ranges for IOP
18 - 22 mmHg
61
Normal range for specific gravity
1.025 - 1.030
62
Normal range for Bicarbonate
22 - 26 mEq/L
63
Normal range for Chloride
96 - 106 mEq/L
64
Normal range for Phosphate
2.4 - 4.4 mg/dL
65
Normal Potassium range
2.4 - 4.4 mg/dL
66
Normal Magnesium range
1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L
67
Normal Sodium range
135 - 145 mEq/L
68
Normal Total Calcium range
8.6 - 10.2 mg/dL
69
Supplements that may increase bleeding during surgery, especially in patients taking anticoagulants
Ginsing, Ginko Biloba, Ginger, Vitamin E, Garlic
70
Supplement that may cause liver inflammation
Echinacea
71
Supplement that may prolong the effects of anesthesia
St. John's wart
72
Common Lab draw ups prior to surgery
Glucose, BUN, Creatinine, Chest X-ray, CBC, ECG, hCG, Liver Function, Albumin, Blood type and crossmatch, Urinalysis
73
Type of anestheia resulting in loss of sensation in particular part of body; administered by epidural, nerve block, spinal injection, or Bier block
Regional Anesthesia
74
Focus of post-operative care
``` Maintain ventilation and circulation Monitor oxygenation Monitor conciousness Prevent shock Treat pain ```

NRS 220 - ADLT CARE (3 decks)

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