Exam 2

Question 1

Celcius to Fahrenheit Formula

Answer 1

Tf = (9/5)*Tc+32

Question 2

Fahrenheit to Celcius Formula

Answer 2

Tc = (5/9)*(Tf-32)

Question 3

Celcius to Kelvin Formula

Answer 3

Tk = Tc + 273.15

Question 4

Ratio between two units of temperature

Answer 4

(T-Tf)/(Tb-Tf) where
T is temperature
Tf is freezing point of water
Tb is boiling point of water

Question 5

Triple Point

Answer 5

The point in which all three phases exist at a certain temperature and pressure.

Question 6

Linear Thermal Expansion Formula

Answer 6

ΔL = αLoΔT where
α is the coefficient of linear expansion
Lo is the original linear dimension

Question 7

Symbol for Heat

Answer 7

Q

Question 8

Equations for Heat

Answer 8

Q = mcΔT
Q = nCΔT

Question 9

What is the difference between c and C?

Answer 9

c is the specific heat of a substance.

C is the molar heat capacity of a substance.

Question 10

When is Q positive or negative?

Answer 10

Q is positive when heat is added to a body.

Q is negative when heat is removed from a body.

Question 11

Equation for Heat during a Phase Change

Answer 11

Q = ±mL where

L is the heat of fusion, vaporization, or sublimation of an object.

Question 12

Formula for Heat Current (Conduction)

Answer 12

H = kA((Th-Tc)/L) where
k is the thermal conductivity of the material
A is the area through which the heat flows
Th is the hot temperature
Tc is the cold temperature
L is the length of the heat-flow path

Question 13

What is the relationship between Heat and Heat Current?

Answer 13

H = dQ/dt

Question 14

What are the three types of heat transfer?

Answer 14

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Question 15

Formula for Radiation heat transfer

Answer 15

R = L/k where
k is the thermal conductivity of the material
L is the length of the heat-flow path

Question 16

Ideal-gas Equation

Answer 16

PV=nRT where

R is a constant

Question 17

What is the value of the constant R?

Answer 17

8.314 J / mol. K

Question 18

Formula for Translational Kinetic Energy of a Gas as a Whole

Answer 18

Ktr = (3/2)*nRT

Question 19

Formula for Translational Kinetic Energy of a Molecule

Answer 19

(1/2)mv^2 = (3/2)kT where

k is the Boltzmann constant

Question 20

What is the value of the Boltzmann constant?

Answer 20

1.380*10^23

Question 21

What is the molar heat capacity for a monatomic gas?

Answer 21

Cv = (3/2)*R

Question 22

What is the molar heat capacity for a diatomic gas?

Answer 22

Cv = (5/2)*R

Question 23

What is the molar heat capacity for a monatomic solid?

Answer 23

Cv = 3R

Question 24

Formula for Work in a Thermodynamic Process

Answer 24

W = PΔV
W = ∫P dV from V1 to V2

Question 25

What is the symbol for change in internal energy?

Answer 25

ΔU

Question 26

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 26

If object A is in thermal equilibrium with object B, and object B is in thermal equilibrium with object C, then object A is in thermal equilibrium with object C.

Question 27

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 27

The total energy in a closed system is constant

Question 28

Formula for First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 28

ΔU = Q - W where ΔU is change in internal energy Q is heat W is work

Question 29

What are the kinds of thermodynamic processes?

Answer 29

Adiabatic Isochoric Isobaric Isothermal

Question 30

What is an adiabatic process?

Answer 30

A process where there is no heat transfer but pressure and volume change.

Question 31

What is an isochoric process?

Answer 31

A process in which volume is constant but pressure changes.

Question 32

What is an isobaric process?

Answer 32

A process in which pressure is constant but volume changes.

Question 33

What is an isothermal process?

Answer 33

A process in which temperature remains constant.

Question 34

What is the difference between Cp and Cv?

Answer 34

Cp is the specific heat capacity of a substance at constant pressure. Cv is the specific heat capacity of a substance at constant volume.

Question 35

The is the relationship between Cp and Cv?

Answer 35

Cp = Cv + R

Question 36

What is the ratio of heat capacities?

Answer 36

γ = Cp/Cv

Question 37

What is are the formulas for work in an ideal process?

Answer 37

``` W = nCvΔT W = (Cv/R)*Δ(PV) W = (1/γ-1)*Δ(PV) ```

Question 38

What is the difference between a reversible and irreversible process?

Answer 38

A reversible process is one whose direction can be reversed by a minimal change in the conditions of the process. All other thermodynamic processes are irreversible.

Question 39

What is the formula for the equipartition theorem?

Answer 39

U=(1/2)*f*Nkt where | f is 3 for monatomic processes and 5 for diatomic processes

Question 40

Formula for Work done by a Heat Engine

Answer 40

W = |Qh|-|Qc|

Question 41

Formula for efficiency of a Heat Engine

Answer 41

η = W/Qh = 1-|Qc/Qh|

Question 42

Formula for efficiency of an Otto Cycle

Answer 42

η = 1-(1/r^(γ-1)) where r is the compression ratio γ is the ratio of heat capacities

Question 43

What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 43

Total entropy in an isolated system can never decline.

Question 44

Formula for Efficiency of the Carnot Cycle

Answer 44

η = 1-(Tc/Th) = (Th-Tc)/Th

Question 45

What is Entropy?

Answer 45

Entropy is the quantitative measure of randomness or disorder of a system.

Question 46

Formula for Entropy

Answer 46

ΔS = ∫ dQ/T = Q/T where Q is heat T is absolute temperature

Question 47

Formula for Compression Ratio

Answer 47

r = Vmax/Vmin