Exam 2

Question 1

The three theoretical perspectives on socialization

Answer 1

• Order
• Conflict
• SI

Question 2

the impact of social isolation

Answer 2

o The Harlow monkey studies
o Anna
o Genie

Question 3

Socialization

Answer 3

the lifelong social experience by which individuals develop their human potential and learn culture

Question 4

Harry and Margaret Harlow

Answer 4

Monkey studies
• Artificial wire mother with a feeding tube
• Artificial mother with terry cloth covering
Harlow’s concluded that baby monkeys benefitted from contact and could recover from as much as three months of isolation. By six months irreversible emotional and behavioral damage.

Question 5

Society’s Socialization agents

Answer 5

Family
Schools
Peer group
Anticipatory Socialization
Media

Question 6

Family

Answer 6

Primary Agent of socialization
Imparts the ways of society
—–The child learns what is important and basic meaning of life from family

Question 7

Schools

Answer 7

prep for adult roles
impersonal
emphasis on order control
——the child learns appropriate skills, traits and attitudes

Question 8

Peer group

Answer 8

members have interests, social position, and age in common

——-the child learns to form social realtionships

Question 9

Anticipatory Socialization

Answer 9

Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position

Question 10

Media

Answer 10

helps us to define sociopolitical reality

Question 11

Macro Theoretical Perspectives on Socialization:

Answer 11

Order Perspective

Conflict perspective

Question 12

Order Perspective:

Answer 12

• what we are socialized into is beneficial for society

- we are socialized into the same norms and values so that society (the group) functions well

Question 13

Conflict perspective:

Answer 13

• learn only what those in power want you to
• norms etc. serve those in power
  * *who enforces order?
  
  • *competing interests
  • *who has the power
  • *inequality who benefits??

Question 14

Modes of control vary

Answer 14

Small homogeneous societies

	- consensus on social values 
	- informal controls sufficient

In complex society

- groups with different, competing values
- social control more formal

Question 15

TYPES OF SOCIAL CONTROL

Answer 15

Ideological social control

Direct Social Control

Question 16

Ideological social control

Answer 16

the attempt to manipulate the consciousness of citizens so that they accept the ruling ideology and refuse to be moved by competing ideologies

Question 17

Agents of ISC

Answer 17

Family, education, religion, media, government
• Control our ways of thinking and feeling
• Control of what we know and dont know
• Individuals impose controls upon themselves

Question 18

Direct Social Control

Answer 18

The attempt to punish or neutralize (render powerless) organizations or individuals who deviate from society’s norms.

Question 19

Agents of DSC

Answer 19

welfare, science, medicine, government
	(control of physical behavior)
•	Forced sterilizations of women (poor, women of color, mentally disabled)
•	Tuskeegee syphilis studies 
•	Forced institutionalization of women

Question 20

Deviance

Answer 20

behavior that does not conform to social expectations (norms)

Question 21

Stigma

Answer 21

• a mark of social disgrace

- separates deviants from others

Question 22

Social Foundation of deviance

Answer 22

• Deviance varies according to cultural norms
• People become deviant as others define them that way
• The definition and application of norms reflect power and inequality