Exam 2

Question 1

Nursing Process

Answer 1

Assess
Diagnose
Plan (Specific, Measurable, Action-Oriented, Realistic, Timely goals)
Implement
Evaluate

Question 2

Research Process

Answer 2

Identify problem
Develop a question
Design research methods
Collect and analyze results
Conclusion/interpret findings

Question 3

EBP Process

Answer 3

Ask
Acquire
Appraise
Apply 
Assess

Question 4

Mean

Answer 4

average

Question 5

median

Answer 5

middle numer

Question 6

mode

Answer 6

number that occurs most often

Question 7

Transformational leader

Answer 7

• high interactions with followers
• inspire, intellectually stimulate
• convey high expectations
• encourage followers to achieve something of significance
• focus is long term and focuses on developing people and organizations

Question 8

Transactional leader

Answer 8

• focus on daily operations
• develop an exchange relationship with followers
• rewards followers
• focus on getting things done and satisfying interests of self and followers

Question 9

quid pro quo- what is it? who uses it?

Answer 9

I’ll do x in exchange for you doing y

transactional leaders

Question 10

Leadership development (6)

Answer 10

Select a mentor
Lead by example
Accept responsibility
Share the rewards
Have a clear vision
Be willing to grow

Question 11

Rules of leaders (5)

Answer 11

Maintain balance
Generate self motivation
Build self confidence
Listen to constituents
Maintain a positive attitude

Question 12

Empowerment theory

Answer 12

power must be given away or shared with others in the organization

Question 13

leadership

Answer 13

The use of individual traits and abilities to interpret an emerging situation and to address the situation in the absence of a script or defined plan.

Question 14

management

Answer 14

The act of any individual who guides others through a series of routines, procedures, or practice guidelines.

Question 15

followership

Answer 15

The optimal use of personal attributes in a team situation, while acquiescing to a peer who is leading or managing, to ensure the best clinical decision making and actions are taken to achieve clinical or organizational outcomes.

Question 16

complexity theory

Answer 16

Complexity science promotes the idea that the world is full of systems that interact and adapt through relationships.
Nurses must be flexible and dynamic to be in tune with the everchanging systems of people, health care, public policy, and human relationships.

Question 17

Trait theories

Answer 17

leaders of a set of physical and emotional characteristics that make people want to follow them (self-awareness)

Question 18

Style theories

Answer 18

leaders need to have effective relationships with followers and understand factors in the workplace. (obtain feedback)

Question 19

Situational-contingency theories (3 things)

Answer 19

1. degree of trust and respect between leaders and followers
2. understand goals and problems that may be faced
3. reward followers and exert influence
   (assess each situation and determine appropriate actions based on people involved)

Question 20

Two-factor theory

Answer 20

hygiene and motivator factors influence the work done and the satisfaction with job

Question 21

Expectancy theory

Answer 21

perceived probability of satisfying a particular need

Question 22

OB Modification (ABC analysis)

Answer 22

A- antecedent analysis of clear expectations and baseline data collection
B- behavioral analysis and determination
C- consequence analysis (reinforcement strategies)

Question 23

Complexity science users (5):

Answer 23

• develop networks
• encourage non-hierarchical interaction among workers
• become a leadership “tag”
• focus on emergence
• think systematically

Question 24

Gardner’s tasks of leading/managing (10)

Answer 24

• envision goals
• affirm values
• motivate
• manage
• achieve workable unity
• develop trust
• explain
• serve as a symbol
• represent the group
• renew

Question 25

Beneficence

Answer 25

• basic obligation to assist others

Question 26

Altruism

Answer 26

• selflessness, concern of the welfare of others

Question 27

Ethics

Answer 27

• moral code, right or wrong, better or worse

Question 28

Human Dignity

Answer 28

• sense of self-respect and self-worth, physical and psychological integrity and empowerment

Question 29

Fidelity

Answer 29

• keeping one’s promise or commitment

Question 30

Advocacy

Answer 30

• duty to do good and to do no harm

Question 31

Autonomy

Answer 31

• the right to choose what will happen to one’s self, accountability for making that choice

Question 32

Justice

Answer 32

• treating all people equally and fairly

Question 33

Nonmaleficence

Answer 33

• intent to do no harm

Question 34

Benefits of transformational leadership

Answer 34

Increased:
loyalty
commitment
job satisfaction
morale
job performance

Question 35

Error of commission

Answer 35

doing the wrong thing

Question 36

Error of omission

Answer 36

not doing things

Question 37

Error of execution

Answer 37

did the right thing, incorrectly

Question 38

adverse event

Answer 38

unintended harm by act of commission or omission

Question 39

near miss

Answer 39

could have harmed a patient, but DID NOT

Question 40

sentinel event

Answer 40

death or serious injury

Question 41

slip

Answer 41

observable

Question 42

lapse

Answer 42

not observable (memory failure)

Question 43

mistake

Answer 43

goes as intended, but wrong

Question 44

3 elements of nursing competency

Answer 44

knowledge, skill, attitude