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Intro To Biology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The world’s major communities of animal and plant life are called

A

Biomes

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2
Q

What are the names of the biomes we discussed in class?

A

Tropical Forest, Temperate Forest, Chaparral, Taiga, Tundra, Savanna, Temperate Grasslands, Desert

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3
Q

Which biome is able to support many large animals despite receiving moderate amounts of rainfall?

A

savanna

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4
Q

What are the most important factors affecting the distribution of biomes?

A

Abiotic factors such as latitude, mountains, rainfall, wind, etc.

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5
Q

What biomes are adapted to frequent fires?

A

Savanna, Chaparral, Temperate Grasslands

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6
Q

What biome is characterized by permafrost?

A

Tundra

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7
Q

What biomes has the most biodiversity?

A

Tropical Rainforest

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8
Q

Which biome is the Eastern United States dominated by?

A

Temperate Forest

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9
Q

What biomes is mainly located 30 degrees north and south of the equator, why?

A

Desert

Why?

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10
Q

Which biome has great soil, no trees, and where you find the “buffalo [Bison] roam”?

A

Temperate Grassland

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11
Q

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive?

A

a. community, ecosystem, individual, population
b. *****ecosystem, community, population, individual **
c. population, ecosystem, individual, community
d. individual, population, community, ecosystem
e. individual, community, population, ecosystem

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12
Q

Define a population.

A

A group of organisms of the same species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time

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13
Q

What are the three types of dispersion? Which is the most common

A
  • *****a. clumped
    b. random
    c. uniform
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14
Q

The pattern of dispersion for a certain species of kelp is clumped. The pattern of dispersion for a certain species of snail that only lives on this kelp would be?

A

Clumped

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15
Q

A biologist reported that a sample of ocean water had 5 million diatoms of the species Coscinodiscus centralis per cubic meter. What was the biologist measuring?

A

Density

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16
Q

Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as creosote bush are most often associated with what type of behavior?

A

antagonistic interactions of individuals in the population

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17
Q

Which of the following would be most helpful in solving the world’s environmental problems caused by humans?

A

a. increase agricultural productivity
b. new energy sources
c. increased life expectancy
d. more food from the oceans
e. decreased human birth rate ****

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18
Q

What are the main components of Biodiversity?

A

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

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19
Q

Most species loss can be traced to which major threats?

A

Habitat destruction, introduced species, and overharvesting

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20
Q

What are/is the major problem with introducing a species to a new habitat?

A

Introduced species may spread rapidly because there are no predators, they may disrupt their adopted community, and you may have a loss of revenue for some people

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21
Q

Kudzu is an example of a __________ species that can ________ biodiversity.

A

Invasive/decrease

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22
Q

Biomagnification will most likely to harm the ___________ species on the food web.

A

Tertiary Consumers

23
Q

What are the goals of a conservation biologist?

A

Document biological diversity on Earth, investigate human impacts on species, communities, and ecosystems, and develop ways to prevent extinction, maintain genetic diversity, and protect or restore communities and ecosystems.

24
Q

Why is genetic diversity within a population important?

A

So populations are less susceptible to disease and they can survive when the environment changes

25
Q

Define: Diploid

A

Containing two complete sets of chromosomes (one from each parent)

26
Q

Radial vs Bilateral Symmetry

A

Bilateral: being divisible into symmetrical halves on either side of a unique plane
Radial: Symmetry around a central axis Able to divide equally more than once

27
Q

Protostomes

A

A multicellular torganism whose mouth develops from a primary embryonic opening first (annelid, mollusk, arthropod)

28
Q

Deuterostomes:

A multicellular organism whose mouth develops second

A

Poriferans

Cnidarians

Platyhelminthes

Molluscs

Annelids

Arthropods

Insects

Echinoderms

29
Q

Know the following taxon groups and their hierarchy

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

30
Q

What is a cladogram? The

A

A branching diagram that shows the relationship between a group of species

31
Q

Know body plans (bilateral vs radial) of the following:

A

a. Cnidaria —Radial
b. Mollusca – Bilateral
c. Platyhelminthes – Bilateral
d. Echinodermata – Bilateral
e. Arthropoda –Bilateral

32
Q

Know the following structures of sponges, and identify the photo below.

A

a. oscula-opening where water is expelled
b. spongocoels: Central cavity of sponge
c. spicules: small needle like structures made of
calcite or silica the make up the skeleton of a spongs… shown to the right
d. amoebocytes: mobile cell that deliver food
to other cells and give rise to eggs

33
Q

Distinguish between the following Platyhelmin

A

Tapeworms: These Platyhelminthes have long ribbon like bodies full of male and female reproductive parts with a scolex at the head.
II. Flukes: Any of numerous parasitic flatworms, including the trematodes, some of which infect humans
III. Planaria: These are Free-living Platyhelminthes with eyespots that detect light.

34
Q

Know the following differences between a centipede and a millipede

A

Millipede has short antennae, two pairs of legs per body segment (so 4/segment), walks very slowly, and doesn’t have biting mouth-parts, so can’t bite you.
Centipede has long antennae, 1 pair of legs per body segment (so 2/segment) walks quickly and has biting mouth parts

35
Q

Cnidarian

A

Cnidarian~Goes through a polyp medusa stage, has only one gastrovascular opening and uses cnidocytes to capture prey.

36
Q

Nematoda

A

Digestive tract with two openings, fluid filled body cavity, and a non-living cuticle surrounding their bodies that protect them.

37
Q

Mollusca

A

Soft unsegmented body with a distict head, muscular foot and live in aquatic or damp habitats.

38
Q

Arthropoda

A

Contain an exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and have to molt to grow.

39
Q

Echinodermata

A

Only organisms with a water vascular system

40
Q

Chordata

A

Contains a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, and post anal tail.

41
Q

Amphibian

A

metamorphosis, scale-less moist skin, ectothermic, absorb water and under go gas exchange through skin, need water to reproduce, Includes salamanders, frogs, and toads.

42
Q

Aves

A

Endothermic, feathers, “hollow” bones, Hard shelled eggs, Birds

43
Q

Chondrichthyes

A

~Some members have a cartilaginous endoskeleton, fatty liver, ampulla d lorenzini, sharks, skates and rays

44
Q

Mammalian

A

Hair, mammary glands, endotherms, heterodont teeth, Three major groups: egg-laying, pouched, and placental.

45
Q

Reptilia

A

Internal fertilization, amniotic egg, skin that resists drying, evolved in late Carboniferous, includes snakes turtles and lizards

46
Q

Why is the term cold blooded not very appropriate for reptiles?

A

Reptiles regulate body temperature by using various mechanisms such as behavioral adaptations, they don’t have cold blood

47
Q

Structures that are made of keratin include

A

I. Avian feathers
II. Reptilian Scales
III. Mammalian Hair

48
Q

. Recall the important characteristics for mammals, such as

A

Differentiation of teeth

Diaphragm, four chambered heart, hair at some point in their lives, glands to produce milk

49
Q

Recall major characteristic of Birds

A

amniotes, no teeth, hollow bones, endothermic, feathers

50
Q

A toxic pollutant would probably reach its highest concentration in which species?

A

The hawk

51
Q

Which species is/are the primary consumer?

A

Rabbit and Mouse

52
Q

What are the main components of Biodiversity?

A

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

53
Q

Most species loss can be traced to which major threats?

A

Habitat destruction, introduced species, and overharvesting

Intro To Biology (1 decks)

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