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Intro To Biology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The world’s major communities of animal and plant life are called

A

Biomes

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2
Q

What are the names of the biomes we discussed in class?

A

Tropical Forest, Temperate Forest, Chaparral, Taiga, Tundra, Savanna, Temperate Grasslands, Desert

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3
Q

Which biome is able to support many large animals despite receiving moderate amounts of rainfall?

A

savanna

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4
Q

What are the most important factors affecting the distribution of biomes?

A

Abiotic factors such as latitude, mountains, rainfall, wind, etc.

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5
Q

What biomes are adapted to frequent fires?

A

Savanna, Chaparral, Temperate Grasslands

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6
Q

What biome is characterized by permafrost?

A

Tundra

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7
Q

What biomes has the most biodiversity?

A

Tropical Rainforest

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8
Q

Which biome is the Eastern United States dominated by?

A

Temperate Forest

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9
Q

What biomes is mainly located 30 degrees north and south of the equator, why?

A

Desert

Why?

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10
Q

Which biome has great soil, no trees, and where you find the “buffalo [Bison] roam”?

A

Temperate Grassland

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11
Q

Which of the following levels of organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive?

A

a. community, ecosystem, individual, population
b. *****ecosystem, community, population, individual **
c. population, ecosystem, individual, community
d. individual, population, community, ecosystem
e. individual, community, population, ecosystem

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12
Q

Define a population.

A

A group of organisms of the same species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time

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13
Q

What are the three types of dispersion? Which is the most common

A
  • *****a. clumped
    b. random
    c. uniform
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14
Q

The pattern of dispersion for a certain species of kelp is clumped. The pattern of dispersion for a certain species of snail that only lives on this kelp would be?

A

Clumped

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15
Q

A biologist reported that a sample of ocean water had 5 million diatoms of the species Coscinodiscus centralis per cubic meter. What was the biologist measuring?

A

Density

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16
Q

Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as creosote bush are most often associated with what type of behavior?

A

antagonistic interactions of individuals in the population

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17
Q

Which of the following would be most helpful in solving the world’s environmental problems caused by humans?

A

a. increase agricultural productivity
b. new energy sources
c. increased life expectancy
d. more food from the oceans
e. decreased human birth rate ****

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18
Q

What are the main components of Biodiversity?

A

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

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19
Q

Most species loss can be traced to which major threats?

A

Habitat destruction, introduced species, and overharvesting

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20
Q

What are/is the major problem with introducing a species to a new habitat?

A

Introduced species may spread rapidly because there are no predators, they may disrupt their adopted community, and you may have a loss of revenue for some people

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21
Q

Kudzu is an example of a __________ species that can ________ biodiversity.

A

Invasive/decrease

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22
Q

Biomagnification will most likely to harm the ___________ species on the food web.

A

Tertiary Consumers

23
Q

What are the goals of a conservation biologist?

A

Document biological diversity on Earth, investigate human impacts on species, communities, and ecosystems, and develop ways to prevent extinction, maintain genetic diversity, and protect or restore communities and ecosystems.

24
Q

Why is genetic diversity within a population important?

A

So populations are less susceptible to disease and they can survive when the environment changes

25
Define: Diploid
Containing two complete sets of chromosomes (one from each parent)
26
Radial vs Bilateral Symmetry
Bilateral: being divisible into symmetrical halves on either side of a unique plane Radial: Symmetry around a central axis Able to divide equally more than once
27
Protostomes
A multicellular torganism whose mouth develops from a primary embryonic opening first (annelid, mollusk, arthropod)
28
Deuterostomes: | A multicellular organism whose mouth develops second
Poriferans Cnidarians Platyhelminthes Molluscs Annelids Arthropods Insects Echinoderms
29
Know the following taxon groups and their hierarchy
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species
30
What is a cladogram? The
A branching diagram that shows the relationship between a group of species
31
Know body plans (bilateral vs radial) of the following:
a. Cnidaria ---Radial b. Mollusca -- Bilateral c. Platyhelminthes -- Bilateral d. Echinodermata -- Bilateral e. Arthropoda --Bilateral
32
Know the following structures of sponges, and identify the photo below.
a. oscula-opening where water is expelled b. spongocoels: Central cavity of sponge c. spicules: small needle like structures made of calcite or silica the make up the skeleton of a spongs… shown to the right d. amoebocytes: mobile cell that deliver food to other cells and give rise to eggs
33
Distinguish between the following Platyhelmin
Tapeworms: These Platyhelminthes have long ribbon like bodies full of male and female reproductive parts with a scolex at the head. II. Flukes: Any of numerous parasitic flatworms, including the trematodes, some of which infect humans III. Planaria: These are Free-living Platyhelminthes with eyespots that detect light.
34
Know the following differences between a centipede and a millipede
Millipede has short antennae, two pairs of legs per body segment (so 4/segment), walks very slowly, and doesn’t have biting mouth-parts, so can’t bite you. Centipede has long antennae, 1 pair of legs per body segment (so 2/segment) walks quickly and has biting mouth parts
35
Cnidarian
Cnidarian~Goes through a polyp medusa stage, has only one gastrovascular opening and uses cnidocytes to capture prey.
36
Nematoda
Digestive tract with two openings, fluid filled body cavity, and a non-living cuticle surrounding their bodies that protect them.
37
Mollusca
Soft unsegmented body with a distict head, muscular foot and live in aquatic or damp habitats.
38
Arthropoda
Contain an exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and have to molt to grow.
39
Echinodermata
Only organisms with a water vascular system
40
Chordata
Contains a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, and post anal tail.
41
Amphibian
metamorphosis, scale-less moist skin, ectothermic, absorb water and under go gas exchange through skin, need water to reproduce, Includes salamanders, frogs, and toads.
42
Aves
Endothermic, feathers, “hollow” bones, Hard shelled eggs, Birds
43
Chondrichthyes
~Some members have a cartilaginous endoskeleton, fatty liver, ampulla d lorenzini, sharks, skates and rays
44
Mammalian
Hair, mammary glands, endotherms, heterodont teeth, Three major groups: egg-laying, pouched, and placental.
45
Reptilia
Internal fertilization, amniotic egg, skin that resists drying, evolved in late Carboniferous, includes snakes turtles and lizards
46
Why is the term cold blooded not very appropriate for reptiles?
Reptiles regulate body temperature by using various mechanisms such as behavioral adaptations, they don’t have cold blood
47
Structures that are made of keratin include
I. Avian feathers II. Reptilian Scales III. Mammalian Hair
48
. Recall the important characteristics for mammals, such as
Differentiation of teeth | Diaphragm, four chambered heart, hair at some point in their lives, glands to produce milk
49
Recall major characteristic of Birds
amniotes, no teeth, hollow bones, endothermic, feathers
50
A toxic pollutant would probably reach its highest concentration in which species?
The hawk
51
Which species is/are the primary consumer?
Rabbit and Mouse
52
What are the main components of Biodiversity?
Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity
53
Most species loss can be traced to which major threats?
Habitat destruction, introduced species, and overharvesting

Intro To Biology (1 decks)

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