Exam #2 Flashcards
Anorexia nervosa
intense fear of gaining weight and often goes days without eating
Bulimia
eating an excessive consumption of food then throwing it back up
Binge eating
eating an excessive consumption of food
Avoidant restrictive food intake
french fry girl
orthorexia
eating to healthy
unintentional injury
motor vehicle accident, homicide, domestic violence
risky sexual behavior
poor access to health education, multiple sexual partners, knowledge, drugs/alcohol
gateway theory
suggesting that adolescent substance use begins with legal substances
cognitive affective theory
can be used to explain substance use is the best
social learning theory
behavior rooted in the attitudes and beliefs of the adolescent’s role models, close friends, and parents
conventional commitment theory
view the adolescents level of attachment to conventional social institutions, such as families, schools, or other structured systems
General adaptation syndrome
body’s physiological reactions to stress, which are the same regardless of the stressor
transactional model of stress
stress based on appraisal of a stressful situation, such as those that exceed ones ability to cope
three types of appraisal
cognitive: used to evaluate the events
primary: assessment of event to determine potential harmfulness
secondary: how sufficient our resources are to meet the demands of the event
fight or flight response
focusing specifically on the body’s physiological response to stress-inducing stimuli
diathesis-stress model
influence of environmental stressors and individual biological or physiological characteristics in the development of disease
disengagement coping
a withdrawal from the problem or a denial of its existence
engagement coping
hybrid of problem solving and emotion-focused coping
Goal is to obtain helpful information but also seeks empathetic connection
problem focused coping
seek information and generate solutions to address the issue or problem
emotion focused coping
principally seeking solace or emotional support from others but may also receive help/guidance
perinatal HIV transmission
mother to child
blood born HIV
includes blood transfusions, infected needles and intravenous drug use
sexual intercourse HIV
HIV carried in semen and vaginal fluids
define asymptomatic and why its relevant
symptoms don’t appear or mistaken for a common illnesses, increases the likelihood of the virus spreading
posttest counseling
typically occurs after a positive test result and HIV diagnosis or after a scare resulting in negative rest results
cardiac arrest
is a condition that renders a person unconscious and is fatal unless the heart is jolted back into its normal rhythm.
coronary artery
when a persons artery gets clogged up from plaque causing narrow artery’s
hemorrhagic stroke
serious side effect of hypertension and causes blood vessels to rupture and leak into the brain
ischemic stroke
an interruption of blood flow to the brain; due to plaque build-up in the blood vessels
hypertension
also called high blood pressure (HBP), occurs when the systolic and diastolic measures are too high
primary
the most common (comprising 95% of cases worldwide), and it has no identifiable causes
secondary hypertension
caused by health behaviors
systolic blood pressure
measures the blood pressure and the heart pressure when actively pumping blood
diastolic blood pressure
pressure when the atria and the ventricles relax and fill with blood
type A personality
competitive
aggressive
achievement-oriented
type b personality
easy going
less stressed
indifferent
three factors that increase cardio
eating behaviors, excessive alcohol, tobacco, age, community
neuropathic pain
chronic pain which is due to a malfunction of the nervous system, often damage or lesions
nociceptive pain
caused by disease/damage to tissue
Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease for which the exact cause of the disease is unknown
- Inflammation is common around joints and of the synovium
exercise therapy
different exercises to provide maximum movement
CBT
intervention techniques for coping with the discomforts and limitations of cancer
biofeedback
a self-regulatory technique in which individuals learn to voluntarily control their responses to pain to minimize its sensation
gate control theory
explains the reason pain is subjective, or experienced differently by different people
self-assessment
way to measure pain in a survey
visual analogue
smiley face chart
malignant tumor
tumor which grows and multiplies uncontrollably, often until it metastasizes and causes death.
benign tumor
Large mass of overgrown cells, usually not life threatening
Grow in size but they do not spread to other parts of the body
sarcoma
cancer that occurs in fatty places, but can also occur in muscles, nerves, tendons, or any other soft tissues, often malignant
leukemia
develops in blood-producing tissues, most commonly in the bone marrow, affects the white blood cells. deathly.
lymphomas
are malignant and form in the lymphatic system
hodgkins lymphoma
less severe type of lymphoma
infects the lymph glands
less likely to spread to other organs making it easier to control and treat
non hodgkins lymphoma
fatal form of lymphoma because tumors are usually malignant
low incidence rates but high mortality rates
three stages of general adaptation syndrome
alarm: body’s response to stressors with lower resistance
resistance: body mobilizes to withstand stress
exhaustion: extreme stressors that deplete the body’s resources
Acute time-limited stress
stress during manipulated or staged events
Brief naturalistic stressor
short-term, real-life events
Stressful event sequence
major man-made or natural disaster that presents a number of unforeseen challenges over time
Chronic stressors
situations that present multiple daily stressors that continue for months without foreseeable endpoint
Distal stressors
experiences of a stressful nature that took place in the past but continue to affect a person’s immune system
Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Specific type of RA that affects the spinal joints
- Causes a stooped appearance if the spinal column fuses or stiffens in accordance with poor body posture
osteoarthritis
- Cartilage part of the joint that cushions the end of the bones and enables easy movement of the joints is worn away
- bone spurs
gout
- Caused by crystal deposits in joints and tissues
- Build up of uric acid lodged in the joints, causing inflammation, redness and soreness
