Exam 2

Question 1

Transmit signals

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

Support neurons and modify their signal (the cheerleader)

Answer 2

Glial cells

Question 3

Involved in fighting infection

Answer 3

Microclimate

Question 4

Fatty material covering axons that increases the speed of a neuron firing

Answer 4

Myelin

Question 5

Receive signals

Answer 5

Dendrites

Question 6

Transmits signals to other neurons

Answer 6

Axon

Question 7

Contains organelles and nucleus

Answer 7

Soma (cell body)

Question 8

First part of the axon; site where action potential begins

Answer 8

Axon hillock

Question 9

The part of the dendrite that synapse w/ other neurons

Answer 9

Dendrite spines

Question 10

End part of an axon

Answer 10

Synaptic/axon terminals, or presynapse

Question 11

Do synapses touch?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Space between synapses

Answer 12

Synaptic cleft

Question 13

Part of a dendrite/cell body that receives info (ligand gated receptors are on here)

Answer 13

Post synapse

Question 14

Junctions between 2 neurons

Answer 14

Synapse

Question 15

Spherical structures that contain neurotransmitters (balloon like structures)

Answer 15

Synaptic vesicles

Question 16

Cell membrane is

Answer 16

Selectively permeable (like an unequal employer)

Question 17

A voltage difference in electrical charge across in plasma membrane

Answer 17

Membrane potential

Question 18

Channel that allows potassium to leave the cell, making the cell negative

Answer 18

Leaky K+ channel

Question 19

Channels that are sensitive to voltage channels

Answer 19

VG channels

Question 20

Channel that opens up quickly, when cell becomes positive and allows sodium (Na+) to rush in making cell positive (sprint runner

Answer 20

VG Na+ Channel

Question 21

Channel that opens and closes slowly, and causes potassium to rush out causing cell to become negative (marathon runners)

Answer 21

VG K+ channel

Question 22

Channel that lets CA2+ to flow in, and causes synaptic vesicles to release NTMs

Answer 22

VG Ca2+

Question 23

Take up NTM that have been released

Answer 23

Re uptake Transporters

Question 24

Receptors that open once a NTM binds to the receptors

Answer 24

Ligand- gated receptors

Question 25

2 Main Types of Ligand-gated receptors

Answer 25

Ionotropic and metabotropic

Question 26

Type of ligand gated receptor that is on the same structure as the ion channel

Answer 26

Ionotropic

Question 27

Type of ligand gates receptor that is on a different channel as the ion channel

Answer 27

Metabotropic

Question 28

Post synapse becomes positive as a result of a NTM binding to ligand gated receptors and increase the chance of a neuron firing

Answer 28

EPSP

Question 29

NTM are received at the dendrites causing an

Answer 29

Inhibitory

Question 30

A signal that carries info along an axon

Answer 30

Action potential

Question 31

Threshold minimum

Answer 31

-55 mV

Question 32

Resting potential

Answer 32

-70mV

Question 33

Pumps out Sodium, and pumps in potassium, makes cell negative

Answer 33

Na+/K+ Pump

Question 34

What are the phases of the action potential

Answer 34

depolarization (rising), repolarization (falling phase), hyperpolarization (undershoot), and resting potential

Question 35

depolarization

Answer 35

channels open, Sodium rushes in, making the cell positive

Question 36

repolarization

Answer 36

sodium VG inactivated, Potasium vg open and cell becomes negative

Question 37

hyperpolarization

Answer 37

Na+ VG are inactive, and K+ are open

Question 38

summation that involves the addition of stimuli over a short period time (if Epsps fall within a short period of time of each other)

Answer 38

Temporal Summation

Question 39

addition of all EPSPs and IPSP’s

Answer 39

Spacial summation

Question 40

time after an action potential in which a second action potential cannot be initiated due to the temporary inactivation of the Na+ voltage-gated channels

Answer 40

absolute refractory