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bacteriology > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Edema disease is a characteristic of which of the following forms of porcine Escherichia coli?

A. ETEC
B. VTEC
C. EPEC
D. EHEC

A

B. VTEC

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2
Q

Which of the following is a strong antigen from porcine ETEC E. Coli, which can be used in vaccines?

A. LT
B. EAST1
C. Stb
D. F4

A

A. LT, heat labile toxin which is a strong antigen and used to generate immune response in vaccine

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3
Q

This adhesion factor, found in porcine ETEC E.Coli is used to breed receptor free pigs:

A. F5
B.F41
C.F4
D. STa

A

C. F4- found only in pigs

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4
Q

Adhesion factors found in pig neonatal ETEC E.Coli

A

-F5,F6, F41

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5
Q

Adhesion factors found in neonatal (up to 4 week) pig ETEC E.Coli

A

F4

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6
Q

Adhesion factors found in weaning age pig ETEC E.Coli

A

-F4, F18

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7
Q

Heat Labile Toxin- pig ETEC E.Coli

A

LT

affects neonatal and weaning age pigs

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8
Q

Heat stable toxins- pig ETEC E.Coli

A

STa, STb, EAST1

  • STa and STb are found in neonatal ETEC and neonatal up to 4 week old pigs
  • EAST1- found in neonatal (less than 4 weeks) and weaning diarrhea
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9
Q

What is the adhesion factor found in porcine VTEC E.Coli and what toxin is it associated with?

A

F18, VT2e

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10
Q

What intimin gene is found in porcine EPEC E.Coli?

A

eae

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11
Q

This virulence factor found in porcine EPEC E.Coli acts as a needle, and injects effector protein

A

T3SS

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12
Q

T/F- types of E.Coli can lead to UTI in pigs?

A

yes- cull because of fertility problems

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13
Q

A farmer calls you out to his farm and you discover a day old calf with watery diarrhea and pale mucosal membranes, you suspect E.Coli- which subspecies are you concerned about?

A

ETEC

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14
Q

What is the most common fimbriae in bovine ETEC E.Coli subspecies?

A

F5

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15
Q

This is the only zoonotic subspecies of bovine E.Coli that we were presented

A

EHEC

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16
Q

What are the extra-intestinal forms of E.Coli?

A

ExPEC/NTEC- CNS symptoms APEC- respiratory symptoms

MMA, UTI

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17
Q

What is considered to be (at least by Dr. Butaye) the most important bacterial disease in broilers and layers? What are the serotypes?

A

APEC E.Coli
-O1,O2,O78

-causes respiratory symptoms

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18
Q

What RPEC/EPEC serotype is found in suckling rabbits?

A

O1O9

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19
Q

What are the virulence factor(s) associated with RPEC/EPEC E.Coli in rabbits?

A

intimin eae

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20
Q

How many O antigens does E.Coli have?

A

26

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21
Q

How many K (capsular) virulence factors does E.Coli have?

A

60

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22
Q

How many fimbriae (F)does E.Coli have?

A

41

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23
Q

How many flagella antigens does E.Coli have?

A

11

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24
Q

What is the non-typhoid serotype of bovine and porcine Salmonella enterica?

A

S.typhimurium

remember that non-typhoid means non-host specific and therefore zoonotic

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25
Q

What are the main clinical signs of S. typhimurium in cattle?

A

diarrhea and abortion

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26
Q

What is the host adapted serotype of bovine S. enterica?

A

S. dublin

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27
Q

What causes typhoid in pigs?

A

S.Choleraesuis

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28
Q

This is the rare typhoid version of equine Salmonella

A

S. abortus equi

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29
Q

Which is the most frequent form of non-host specific horse Salmonella?

A

acute

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30
Q

What percent of dogs and cats are carriers of non-host specific Salmonella?

A

dogs: 0-36%
cats: 0-20%

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31
Q

The serotype of Salmonella that gives pigeons paratyphus?

A

S. Typhimurium var Copenhagen

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32
Q

In this form of paratyphus, the pigeon will be unable to fly

A

chronic paratyphus

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33
Q

This non-typhoid form of Salmonella will effect psittaciformes and passeriformes, it is mainly found in birdhouses

A

S. typhimurium

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34
Q

Which forms of salmonella in poultry are reportable?

A

S.pullorum, S.gallinarum

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35
Q

Pullorum disease

A
  • caused by S. Pullorum

- high mortality, younger animals (less than three weeks), chicken, turkey, pheasant

36
Q

Fowl Typhoid

A
  • caused by S. gallinarum

- present in older animals

37
Q

This form of Salmonella causes egg contamination and can be passed to humans through undercooked eggs!

A

S. enteriditis

38
Q

You test a bird you suspect to have S. enteriditis and the tests come back positive with S. pollorum and gallinarum oh no! What do you think (as a well educated Dr. who obviously got an A on this Bac-T exam) suspect happened?

A

the bird was vaccinated against S. enteriditis! Sometimes there is a cross reaction between the vaccine and these other Salmonella species

39
Q

What antibiotics are Klebsiella spp. susceptible to?

A

Amoxycillin and Clavamox must be together

40
Q

What disease does Klebsiella cause in horses?

A

equine metritis

41
Q

How is Yersinia pestis (Plague ahhh!!!!!) transmitted to humans?

A

fleas of wild rodents–>cats–>humans

42
Q

In Passeriformes what organ does Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have affinity to?

A

liver–>causes fatty liver disease and rodentiosis

43
Q

What is the serotype present in Y.enterocolitica and what is the relevance?

A

Serotype O9: cross reaction with Brucellosis

44
Q

Which two bacteria we discussed act as secondary pathogens to cause otitis in dogs?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp.

45
Q

This pathogen is known to cause cystitis, otitis, and corneal ulcers in cats and dogs- also is known for a bluish-greenish tint

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

46
Q

This causes moist dermatitis in rabbits, even in the cleanest environments!

A

P. aeruginosa

47
Q

What P. aeruginosa causes in bovine, sheep, and goats?

A

mastitis and fleece rot

48
Q

What diagnostic test would you do to detect Glanders?

A

CFT!!

Glanders=Burkholderia Mallei

49
Q

What is the treatment for Glanders?

A

culling- dead horsie

REPORTABLE

50
Q

You are at a horse farm and you see pyogranulomatous nodules and ulcers as well as orchitis in a very expensive breeding stallion. The owner is concerned because he has heard that Glanders has been going around at neighboring farms. What do you tell him?

A. There’s nothing we can do for your horse, we should cull him before it spreads through his sperm to the mares he’s breeding

B. run a CFT test

C. Report to the authorities immediately, SOS this is fucking bad dude

A

B!

Despite this being the only option that makes sense, if the CFT test comes back that it is psuedoglanders caused by B.pseudomallei, it is treatable. C is also partially correct because it should be reported, but first run the test before you freak out.

51
Q

True or false: all Brucella species that were discussed are zoonotic

A

False fam- B. ovis isn’t

52
Q

Which of the following is false about B. abortus?

A. Smooth cell wall has higher virulence than rough cell wall

B. It manifests in joints and repro organs

C. Cows around wild ungulates such as deer are susceptible

D. The diagnostic test you would do is PCR

A

D. the diagnosis is a whole shitshow described on another card

53
Q

What is the general pathogenesis of B. abortus?

A

per os/through wounds (contaminated meat)–> regional lymph nodes*–> spread to target organs

54
Q

How to diagnose B. abortus?

A

1st: take blood sample and do SAW
2nd: do 2 ELISAs to confirm
3: Do interferon test, if positive then do the brucellosis skin test

55
Q

Which biovars of Brucella suis are most pathogenic for pigs?

A

Biovar 1-3

56
Q

Wild boars are known to transmit which bacteria?

A

Brucella suis

57
Q

Which is the most zoonotic Brucella species?

A

B. melitensis- Malta fever in subtropical climates

58
Q

This form of Brucella causes reproductive signs and STDs in intact male dogs?

A

B. canis

59
Q

What is the reservoir of Francisella tularensis?

A

-lagomorphs (rabbits), rodents, amoeba

60
Q

Which of the following is false about F. tularensis

A. It is a reportable disease, but not zoonotic

B. it is transmitted through vectors, contaminated H2O, and infected prey

C. It is a disease of the Northern Hemisphere

D. It is always systemic with organ failure

A

A. It is reportable and zoonotic

61
Q

This causes Contagious Equine Metritis

A

Taylorella equigenitalis

  • culture as soon as possible
    stallion: sample prepuce, urethra, fossa glandis, sinus urethralis
    mare: fossa clitoridis, sinus clitoridis
62
Q

Kennel cough is caused by what bacteria in dogs/cats?

A

Bordatella bronchiseptica

  • dry cough
  • can kill kittens
63
Q

What does Bordetella bronchiseptica cause in pigs?

A
  • non-progressive atrophic rhinitis: nose colonized, only damage to osteoblasts
  • pneumonic bordatellosis- age less than one week= primary infection, over 1 week is secondary infection, causes coughing
  • progressive atrophic rhinitis: paired with P. multocida, increases osteoclasts, nose is deformed and there is no building of new bone (no osteoblasts)
64
Q

Which two toxins of Bordetella bronchiseptica have an effect on osteoblasts?

A

demonecrotic toxin

ostotoxin

65
Q

This species of Bordatella causes Coryza in turkeys

A
  • B. avium, along with TRT (virus)
  • B. avium is primary pathogen
  • causes swollen head syndrome
66
Q

What clinical signs does Bordatella cause in rabbits?

A
  • nasal discharge, sneezing, coughing

- along with pasteurella causes bronchopneumonia

67
Q

Moraxella is what kind of pathogen?

A
  • obligate symbiotic, obligate pathogenic

- will cause disease

68
Q

Moraxella bovis causes what in cattle?

A

-pink eye (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis), can also cause irreversible eye damage and ulcers

69
Q

Thrombo embolic meningo-encephalitis aka Sleeper’s disease in cattle is caused by which pathogen?

A

Histophilus somnei- think insomnia–>sleep

-also causes brain and heart lesions

70
Q

What important clinical signs does Avibacterium paragallinarum cause in chickens?

A
  • Infectious coryza (upper respiratory infection)

- head and neck edema

71
Q

What part of the avian body does Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale effect?

A
  • nose, trachea, wing

- sneezing, nose exudate, coughing

72
Q

Shipping fever in bovines is caused by which bacteria?

A

Mannheima hemolytica and Pasteurella multilocida

73
Q

What is shipping fever?

A

bacterial bronchopneumonia associated with strains of bacteria and stress

74
Q

Glasser disease

A
  • caused by Haemophilis parasuis (pigs)

- normal commensal but can cause meningitis, polyseritis/polyarthritis

75
Q

You see a cute little rabbit with a head tilt and upper respiratory symptoms what do you suspect?

A

Pasturella mutocida

76
Q

What does pasturella multocida cause in cows?

A

hemorrhagic septicemia *, bronchopneumonia, high mortality

shipping fever

77
Q

what does P. multocida cause in pigs?

A

atrophic rhinitis, lung pasteurellosis

78
Q

Which species of poultry are most/least susceptible to P. multocida?

A

ducks most/ guinea fowl least

  • causes upper respiratory infection
  • if cat bites bird the bird is dead
79
Q

Where can Pasturella multocida commonly be found in dogs/cats?

A
  • mouth
  • can be transmitted to humans through biting wounds
  • cat bites a bird, bird gets pasterella septicemia and dies
80
Q

Young sheep are dropping dead at a farm!!! After taking a history you discover that they recently have been transported and he’s changed their feed. What do you suspect?

A

Bibersteinia trehalosi

81
Q

Actinobacillus lignieresii causes which rare disease in cows?

A

Wooden tongue/timber tongue

-multiple granulomas

82
Q

Which of the following is false about Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?

A. Contains two biotypes

B. is spread through inhalation (aerosol) and direct contact

C. pig has a good prognosis

D. predisposing factor is stress

A

C. pig will usually immediately die

83
Q

Which biotype of A. pleuropneumoniae is NAD dependent?

A

Biotype 1

Biotype 2 is NAD- independent

84
Q

Which of the following exotoxins has to be present in vaccines for A. pleuropneumoniae for them to be effective?

A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV

A

D. IV- necessary for full virulence, must be in vaccine

85
Q

This causes sleepy foal disease and abortions in adult animals?

A

A. Equuli

Sleepy foal disease usually associated with not getting enough colostrum

bacteriology (1 decks)

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