Exam #2 Flashcards
Treatment that is pointless or ineffective, it can’t cure or benefit the patient
Medical futility
Illness is rooted in disease, experienced in the form of symptoms, and reported in various ways.
(What is wrong with the person)
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Biological meaning
What are the goals of healthcare?
- Prolongation of Life
- Alleviation of Pain and suffering
- Promotion of Health and prevention of disease
Non-normative definition of health
Uses factual evidence in regards to functioning, rather than added value terms.
Judgement and claims based off of value.
Normative definition of disease and health.
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Biological meaning
Illness is rooted in disease, experienced in the form of symptoms, and reported in various ways.
(What is wrong with the person)
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Cultural meaning
Predominant values in your culture. What is highly valued.
The effect illness has on the patient’s family, friends, and coworkers, as they deal with the management of his or her illness.
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Social meaning
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Moral
Illness teaches us about life’s lessons
What physical and psychological factors can hinder a patients autonomy?
Physical:
•Being locked up
•Physical restraints
Psychological:
•Being overcome by fear or other emotions
•Making a decision based on false info
•Coercing or manipulating a person to do what we want them to do
Respect for patient autonomy
The ability to choose and make decisions for oneself
Overriding a persons actions or decision making, or known preferences, for the persons own good.
Paternalism
Paternalism
Overriding a persons actions or decision making, or known preferences, for the persons own good.
Weak paternalism
Overriding known preferences of a person thought to be incompetent to decide
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Personal meaning
How it affects the person in his or her life, what it means to have a disease for the person
What are the following?
- Prolongation of Life
- Alleviation of Pain and suffering
- Promotion of Health and prevention of disease
Goals of Healthcare
Strong paternalism
Overriding the preferences of a competent person
Uses factual evidence in regards to functioning, rather than added value terms.
Non-normative definition of health
Normative definition of health and disease
Judgement and claims based off of value.
Overriding the preferences of a competent person
Strong paternalism
Meaning of illness for individuals:
Illness teaches us about life’s lessons
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Moral
When is paternalism thought to be justified?
- When freedom of choice is impaired, be it Alzheimer’s, ignorance of facts, limited cognitive abilities, etc.
- When dealing with children
Medical futility
Treatment that is pointless or ineffective, it can’t cure or benefit the patient
Arthur Kleinmanns meanings of illness for individuals:
•Social meaning
The effect illness has on the patient’s family, friends, and coworkers, as they deal with the management of his or her illness.
Overriding known preferences of a person thought to be incompetent to decide
Weak paternalism
What are some of the issues that make futility a difficult issue for physicians and patients?
- Patients may reject the label of futility and insist everything be done that can be done
- Physicians and patients often have different ideas about what constitutes as futility