Exam 2 Flashcards
1920-1955
Gold Age of Tin Pan Alley
Sigmund Romberg
The Student Prince: Drink Drink Drink
Super popular
Jerome Kern
Old Man River
Irving Berlin
- Wrote his own lyrics and music
- Song: White Christmas
Cole Porter (1891-1964)
- Wrote his own lyrics and music
- His life was made into movies: Night and Day
George Gershwin
Song: I got Rhythm
Jazz
Notes on 3, 5, & 7 Scale notes
W.C. Handy
“Father of the Blues”
Diegetic Music or Source Music
Heard or performed by the characters themselves
Nondiegetic Music or Underscoring
background music
Zoltan Kodaly
- Hungary
- His teaching method was adopted in schools across Europe and N. Am.
Arthur Honegger
Swiss
New Objectivity
incorporation of familiar elements such as Jazz
Ernest Krenek (1900-1991)
Song: Jonny spielt auf
Paul Hindemith (1895-1963)
- German
- associated with Gebrauchsmusick
Kurt Weill (1900-1950)
German
1934
Formalism was a derogatory term for interest in modernism & music for its own sake.
Sergey Prokofiev (1891-1953)
- reputation as a radical modernist
- Opera: The Love for Three Oranges
Dimitri Shostakovich (1906-1975)
- Russia
- criticized for writing Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District
Shostakovich’s 5th Symphony
“a Soviet artist’s reply to just criticism”
Claude Champagne (1891-1965)
- Canada
- 1st Canadian composer to achieve an international reputation
Heitor Villa-Lobos
- the most important Brazilian composer
- Song: Choros
Carlos Chavez
- Mexico
- first composer associated with the new nationalism
Silvestre Revueltas
-Mexico
Song: Sensemaya
Nadia Boulanger
taught classes in Paris for Americas leading composers
Sound masses
bodies of sound characterized by a particular timbre, register, rhythm, and melodic gesture
Edgard Varese
- France
- turned to electronic sound generation and the tape recorder
poeme electronique for tape
written for pavillion in the Brussels world fair
ionization
only for percussion
Henry Cowell
Known for using tone clusters
The Banshee
requires an assistant to hold down the damper pedal while the pianist applies a variety of techniques to the strings
Ruth Crawford Seeger
1st woman to win Guggenheim Fellowship in music. She later believed that preserving folk songs was a great contribution to the nations musical life than writing modernist works and began editing American folk songs from field recordings
George Gershwin
- Song: Rhapsody in Blue “Jazz concerto”
- song: “porgy and bess”
Aaron Copland
- Jewish faith. 1st American composers to study with Nadia Boulanger
- Orchestra suite: El Salon Mexico
- Appalachian Spring-influence of Stravinsky
William Grant Still
-American
earned many “firsts” for an African-American musician
-1st to conduct a major orchestra in the US
-1st to have an opera produced by a major US company
-1st to have an opera televised over a national network
Afro-American Symphony: 1st symphonic work by an Af. Am. composer to be performed by a major Am. orchestra
Virgil Thompson
studied with Nadia Boulanger and influenced by Satie
Reinhard
Belgian
Country music
- associated with white southerners
- music centered around a singer who played a guitar
Rhythm and Blues
blues: insistent accents on the back beats, beats two and four of the measure.
Rock and Roll
- coined by Alan Freed
- became a national sensation with the appearance of the hit song “Rock Around the Clock” by Bill Haley and the Coets
The Beatles
-John Lennon-singer, songwriter and guitarist
-Paul McCartney-singer, songwriter and guitarist
-George Harrison-guitarist and songwriter
Ringo Starr-drummer
Acid rock
Jefferson Airplane
Fok Songs
written to support social causes such as “We Shall Overcome” for the Civil Rights movement
1900 singer and songwriter
Woody Guthrie
Bob Dylan
voiced protests through his songs
Soul
was the leading African-American tradition in the 1960s
James Brown
“King of Soul”
