exam 2 Flashcards
what movements are characterized by tactile sensory information? (3)
- movement accuracy
- movement consistency
- movement force adjustment
proprioceptors / types- receives info from sensory neurons (3)
- muscle spindles
- Golgi tendon organs
- joint receptors
surgical deafferentation
afferent neutral pathways associated with movement of interest have been surgically removed or altered
tendon vibration
high speed vibration of the tendon of the agonist muscle- proprioceptor feedback distorted
the moving room experiment
participants stood in room where walls moved but the floor didn’t- conflicted between vision and proprioception
Fitt’s law
model of human movement predicts that the time required to rapidly move to a target area is a function of the distance to the target and the size of the target
prehension
action involving reaching for and grasping objects. 3 components: transport, grasp, object manipulation
asymmetric bimanual coordination
2 arms moving with DIFFERENT spatial and/or temporal characteristics
symmetric bimanual action
2 arms moving with the SAME spatial and/or temporal characteristics
rhythmic structures of gait (2)
- components of step cycle
- rhythmic relationship between arms and legs
reaction time
preparation time requires to produce action
attention
focused on the signal
Hick’s law
- RT increases as the number of stimulate-response choices increases
- predictability of the correct response choice (RT decreases as predictability of the correct response choice instead)
Kahneman’s model of attention
- arousal level: the factor that influences the amount of attention capacity for a specific performance situation
- evaluation of attention requirements of multiple tasks to be performed
1. ensure completion of least one task
2. enduring disposition: involuntary attention allocation
3. momentary intensions
central capacity theory
propose one central source of attention resources for which all activities requiring attention compete
multiple resource theory
- propose that we have several sources for attention
- each source has a limited capacity of resources
- the multiple sources based on specific information processing component
- sensory input
- response output
- type of memory code
automaticity
performance of a skill without requiring attention resources
In kahneman’s theory, relates to evaluation of task demand
automaticity of task performance
- related to amount of practice
- practice is directly associated with automaticity
feature integration theory
- initially search according to specific features (color, shape)
- direct “attentional spotlight” on environment (wide narrow focus)
- features of interest “pop out”
tactile sensory receptors
are in the fingertips
stroop effect
spatial arrangement of stimuli and their associated response mechanisms
cocktail party effect
- dependent on the meaningfulness of the event/situation
- enduring dispositions: involuntary attention allocation
foreperiod
RT increases/decreases as a function of the length and the regularity of the length of the RT foreperiod (interval between warning and go signals)
movement time
- RT increases as amount of complexity of the action increases
- first demonstrated by classic experiment by henry and rogers
psychological refractory period
- delay of response to 2nd stimulus is called the psychological refractory period
- relate o a situation in sports involving a “fake” movement followed by the intended movement as the 2 stimuli and the other player’s responses as the 2 responses
enduring dispositions
- involuntary attention allocations
- novel for the situation
- meaningfulness of the event (cocktail party phenomenon)
binocular vision
depth perception when 3 dimensional features involved in performance situation
example: grasping objects; walking on a cluttered pathway; intercepting a moving object
central (foveal vision)
- 2-5 degree visual field
-provides specific information to allow us to begin action goals but is mainly for vision
perception; specific characteristics info
race decay
working memory LTM
proactive interference
working memory LTM
retroactive interference
working memory LTM
intentional learning
the intention to remember
bottleneck theory
difficulty doing multiple tasks simultaneously because of limitation due to serial processing of multiple stimuli
