exam 2 Flashcards
technical term denoting the relationship of the height and width of the film frame
aspect ratio
lighting cast from the side opposite to the camera, creating halo effect
backlighting
cost-saving process that combines foreground action filmed in the studio with background action filmed earlier and projected from behind a translucent screen
back (rear) projection
pre-planning of character movement for a given shot/scene
blocking
angle which a film shot is taken can affect our response
camera angle
synchronization of the movement of characters with the movement of the camera in a complex film shot
choreography
selection/arrangement of graphic elements of shape, line, color, etc on rectangular surface of the screen; organization of material within the film frame
composition
in lighting, the range of brightness b/t darkest and lightest areas of an image can show a sharp difference b/t dark or light, or a spectrum of differences
contrast
high-contrast
low-contrast
moving camera shot taken from a heavy mechanical arm suspended…
crane shot
photographic technique of producing an image that keeps all planes of depth in sharp focus (close foreground to distant background)
deep focus (pan focus)
area b/t camera and background in which everything is in clear focus
depth of field
the world of the film’s story
diegesis
softening the quality of light using a filter or coating
diffusion
mobile camera shot taken with the camera mounted on a vehicle with wheels
dolly shot
adjustment of camera to control the amount of light that enters through the lens;
produces a very-light bleached image or
makes a murky, dark picture
exposure
overexposed
underexposed
artistic style that distorts exterior reality in order to express inner experience
expressionism
raw, unexposed film, consisting of a clear base coated on one side with a light-sensitive emulsion
film stock
film stock highly senstive to light and produces a GRAINY, HIGH-CONTRAST image
fast film
film stock produces SMOOTH, LESS GRAINY, LOW-CONTRAST image
slow film
framed piece of glass, gauze, or plastic gel placed in front of lens to affect the quality of light entering and tonal/color values
filter
n. degree of sharpness/clarity in an image
v. adjust focal distance of a lens to get defined image
focus
artistic style with an emphasis on form or structure rather than content
formalism
single photograph on a strip of motion picture film/ outside border of screen image
frame
special effect which makes it possible to film studio action against a previously shot background, projected from the front
front projection
framing that is fluid and flexible, imply action going on beyond its limits
open (loose) frame
framing that is orderly and composed; characters are contained by and arranged artfully w/in its limits
closed (tight) frame
use of rectangular film frame to select and arrange what will be visible onscreen
framing
shot made by shooting through a pane of glass which has been painted with objects or elements of setting to blend in with actual shot
glass shot
ground or molded piece of glass through which light is refracted onto the film stock inside a camera
lens
lens permits the camera to photograph a wider area, exaggerates perspective
wide-angle
lens magnifies distant objects, flattens perspective, and sharply reduces depth of field
telephoto
lens that provides extreme wide-angle shot (looking through peephole on hotel door)
fish-eye lens
illumination of a film shot or scene
lighting
natural light outdoors
available light
lighting with a minimum of contrast and brilliant, even illumination
high-key lighting
lighting produces dramatic shadows and strong contrasts (chiaroscuro)
low-key lighting
shot continues for an unusually long time before a cut
long take
opaque shield/screen which blacks out a part of the image in order to change shape of the frame
mask
shot where two separately photographed shots are combined into one composite image
matte shot
space outside the frame, behind the set, and behind the camera lens
offscreen
selection of colors, used in a particular scene that is characteristic of a film
palette
horizontally swiveling camera during a shot while keeping a fixed position
panning
“mask” in latin; “image” projected by an actor, recognizable and expected personality traits that persist from film role to film role
persona
shot involved the combination of two or more separate images into one composite shot, or creation of special effects
process shot
altering the area of focus in depth during a shot, to shift emphasis
rack (pull) focus
artistic style that attempts to preserve a sense of time, space, and the material world as they occur in actual experience
realism
relaying of important story info more than once or in two or more ways
redundancy
shot of considerable length which shows an entire action/scene without cuts and usually employs complex camera/character movement
sequence shot
position of the camera for a specific film shot
set-up
two or more shots appearing separately and simultaneously on the screen
split screen
lightweight, portable camera stabilization system that makes handheld camera shots to be taken smoothly and steadily
steadicam
two or more shots photographed/printed so as to overlap on the film image
superimposition (double exposure)
artistic style that attempts to express subconscious states of mind by employing the imagery and irrational structure of dreams/hallucinations
surrealism
conventional arrangement of lighting using three basic elements: key, fill, and back lighting
three-point lighting system
light providing the main source of illumination
key light
light which tones down the harsh shadows caused by main light
fill light
light to separate foreground and background planes and remove shadows made by the two other lights
backlighting
rotating the camera vertically on its axis while in fixed position
tilting
shot taken from moving vehicle
traveling (tracking) shot
shot taken with the aid of a zoom lens
zoom shot
angle of camera observes a character from approximate eye-level
straight-on or normal angle
angle where camera looks done from above
high-angle
angle where camera observes a character from below, looking upward
low-angle
angle that tilts the camera to one side or the other that causes the sense of instability, imbalance
oblique-angle shot
lines that suggest strength, authority, dignity
vertical lines
lines that suggest restfulness and stability
horizontal lines
lines that suggest fluidity and sensuality
curved lines
lines that suggest conflict and dynamics
diagonal lines
shot taken from a great distance away and offers panoramic view
extreme long shot
shot that shows target at a considerable distance from the camera
long shot
shot that shows target from waist or knees up
medium shot
shot that frames a character’s face carefully
close-up
shot that frames the face VERY closely
tight close-up
shot that shows only a detail of the face or part of body
extreme close-up
shot that shows a characters face and part of their chest
medium close-up
shot that shows where the film scene will take place
establishing shot
shot that shows spatial position of all the characters in a scene
master shot
shot shows what a character sees
POV shot (subjective shot)
*measurement of light intensity
foot-candles
*reduce camera lens aperture
stop down
*general term for films that cam out of france in late 50s
New Wave
*takes developed and viewed on the day after shooting
dailies
