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Pop Music and Culture > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The Slits “So Tough”

A
  • punk
  • album: Cut 1979
  • reggae beat
  • duble stressed on 2nd beat
  • shouting and screaming
  • DIY
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2
Q

The Clash “Career Opportunities”

A
  • punk
  • album: the clash 1977
  • reggae and ska
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3
Q

Toto Cutugno “Insieme 1992”

A
  • Eurovision Song Contest won in 1990
  • 1992 Maastricht Treaty
  • Benedict Anderson
  • imagined communities
  • a capella
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4
Q

Jamala “1944”

A
  • Eurovision Song Contest won in 2016
  • 1944 mass deportation of Crimean Tatars
  • Russia annexed the Ukrainian territory of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014
  • melancholic
  • english and crimean tatar language
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5
Q

Goca Lazaravic “Rose Kose Curo Imas”

A
  • music in balkans
  • “Whose is this Song?”
  • Kostana
  • string and brass instruments and percussion
  • varied tempo
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6
Q

Huseyein Turkmenler Ensemble “Uskudara Giderken”

A
  • music in balkans
  • “Whose is this Song?”
  • frame drum
  • instrumental version
  • heterophonic
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7
Q

Tomas Lozano “La Dama d’Arago”

A
  • strophic ballad traditions
  • storytelling songs
  • Catalunya region of Spain
  • Catalan
  • romanzas
  • Medieval times
  • children
  • hurdy gurdy (old chordophone) and zanfona
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8
Q

I Muvrini “Paghjella”

A
  • Mediterranean Islands
  • improvised harmonies
  • heavy melisma
  • vocal polyphony
  • a capella
  • paghjella
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9
Q

“Nanna Di U Cushionu”

A
  • Mediterranean Islands
  • corsican lullaby
  • a capella
  • strophic
  • melisma
  • vibrato
  • relaxed
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10
Q

Tenore Di Bitti “Muttos”

A
  • Mediterranean Islands
  • canto a tenore
  • deep and gutteral timbre
  • tense and stressed
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11
Q

Michele Manca and Alan Lomax “Sulfatara”

A
  • Southern Italy
  • miner’s song
  • sulfer mines
  • lament
  • tense and nasal vocal timbre
  • maranzanu (Jews Harp)
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12
Q

Roberto Murolo “Santa Lucia Luntana”

A
  • Souther Italy
  • canzonetta napoletana
  • romantic music
  • relaxed vocal style
  • sparse guitar accompaniment
  • presence of melisma, vibrato, and rubato
  • Santa Lucia
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13
Q

Officina Zoe “Tambureddu Meu”

A
  • Southern Italy
  • neo-traditional
  • pizzica
  • Salento region
  • high-pitched and tense vocal timbre
  • organetto
  • energetic and steady-fast tempo
  • tarantism
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14
Q

Gogol Bordello “Sally”

A
  • Rajasthan to Nebraska
  • gypsy punk
  • ornamented violin
  • duple meter emphasis on 2nd meter
  • auto-exoticism
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15
Q

Boban i Marko Markovic Orkestar “Igraj Devojko (Dance, Girl, Dance)”

A
  • Rajasthan to Nebraska
  • local Serbian wedding
  • in streets, private homes, dance salons
  • Guca Brass Festival
  • Southern Serbia
  • Balkans
  • ornamentation
  • trumpet
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16
Q

Dancing and Festivals

A
  • Regional Dance Music
  • Tammurriata (slow), Tarantella (medium), and Pizzica (fast) rhythms
  • all tambourine based rhythms
  • Tammurriata and Tarantella danced in pairs for courtship
  • less commercial success, more connected to regional festivals
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17
Q

Romantic Music

A
  • Canzonetta Napoletana
  • romantic urban genre traced back to 1100 in Naples
  • relaxed vocal timbre, vibrato, and guitar
  • lucrative commercial industry
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18
Q

Telling stories of hardship

A
  • Work laments
  • lament from sulfur mines of sicily
  • maranzanu and voice
  • nasal lamenting vocal timbre
  • immigration laments
  • between 1900-1915 millions of italians leave Italy for America
  • guitar and voice
  • woman’s perspective
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19
Q

Spiritual Music/Music for Healing

A
  • Pizzica
  • fast, driving rhythm played on smallest tambourine
  • violins, accordions, guitars, and voice
  • sung/played in a very high range
  • couple’s dance music and a music used in tarantism
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20
Q

Instruments found in Southern Italy

A
  • mandoline
  • guitarra battente (rhythm guitar)
  • zampogna (goat bagpipe)
  • maranzanu (jews harp)
  • tambourines
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21
Q

Northern Italian Music

A

influence from France, Germany, and the British Isles

22
Q

Southern Italian Music

A
  • influence from Arabic, Greece, and North African traditions
  • tense nasal vocal timbre
  • tambourines
  • trance rituals
23
Q

North vs South

A
  • prejudice towards south
  • little support from national government in north
  • mafia- product from lack of support
  • land of hardships shows up in all forms of artistic expression
24
Q

imagined communities

A
  • benedict anderson
  • the nation as an imagined political community
  • music can help maintain and create
25
Q

Otherness

A
  • Stuart Hall
  • music can help to Other individuals and groups
  • “…every self or every identity is constituted by that which it lacks, which is the Other.”
26
Q

Bela Bartok

A

Hungarian composer 1881-1945

27
Q

Eurovision Song Contest

A
  • founded by European Broadcasting Union in 1956
  • 43 countries participate
  • one of the longest running tv programs in the world
  • more than 180 million viewers and airs on May 9, 2107
  • no lyrics, speeches, or gestures of politics
28
Q

nationalism

A

a shared group feeling in the significance of a geographical and sometimes demographic region

29
Q

bagpipes in Spain

A
  • 5 different kinds
  • originate from Iraq and Iran
  • bag is made from insides of sheep or goat
30
Q

Hurdy Gurdy

A
  • no one knows where it came from
  • blind would play it and young children would sell ballads and play tambourine
  • train dogs to dance
31
Q

monophony

A

single vocal melody

32
Q

polyphony

A

two or more simultaneous but relatively independent melodic lines

33
Q

homophony

A

a melody and a harmony; singer and a guitar with same rhythm

34
Q

heterophony

A

the simultaneous performance of the same melodic line with slight individual variations, 2 or more performers

35
Q

gendering music

A

when some genre is more sung by one gender over the other

36
Q

Corsica

A
  • improvisatory traditions
  • orally passed down from one generation to the next
  • corsican language sounds italian, not french
37
Q

Paghjelle

A
  • sung by men
  • improvised polyphony
  • sacred and secular songs
  • a capella
  • melismatic
  • sung in local dialects
  • participatory form of social life
38
Q

Chiam’e Rispondi/Call and Response

A
  • sung by men
  • improvised dialogical singing
  • mostly monophonic
  • melodies and words improvised
39
Q

Lullabies

A
  • sung by women in the home
  • monophonic
  • oral tradition for women
  • often strophic ballad form
40
Q

Voceri: Improvised Funeral Laments

A
  • monophonic

- improvised

41
Q

Sardina- Canto a Tenore

A
  • traditionally men’s music
  • polyphonic: 1 soloist w 3 accompanying voices
  • vocal timbre guttural and tense
  • comes from the shepherds of Sardinia, copies sounds of the countryside (wind, cow, and sheep)
42
Q

neo-traditional

A
  • pizzica culture today
  • pizzica music ad dance revival across italy, especially in the Salient region
  • la notte della taranta (the night of taranta) Festival draws tourists
43
Q

gypsy stereotypes

A

mistrust and thieves and poor

44
Q

exoticism and cultural appropriation

A
  • halloween costumes
  • my big fat gypsy wedding
  • gypsy caravan music
45
Q

romanticized timelessness

A
  • latcho drom (1993)

- world music stars: tariff de haiduuks (romania)

46
Q

Roma

A
  • 90% live below poverty line and a third is unemployed
  • came from India
  • language came from sanskrit
47
Q

Gelem Gelem

A

-written in 1940s
-played at 1st World Romani Congress
became the anthem of the stateless Roma
-ornamentation, vibrato, melisma

48
Q

Roma Music

A
  • influences from east and west
  • integral part of community and professional life
  • songs in romani and local languages
  • professionals musicians adopt and embellish local traditions virtuosic playing and ornamentation
  • nationless people often accepted as entertainers but discriminated against
  • instruments: violins, tambourines, flutes, trumpets, accordions
49
Q

Roma Music in Serbia

A
  • Serbian Roma communities borrow from regional trends
  • southern was brass and northern was strings, etc.
  • oral tradition: everything by ear
  • Valjevo was a town of violinists
  • Branco and Bada did music lessons as job security for children/families
  • music teachers got paid 20,000 to completely teach people
  • Kal: organizers of amala
50
Q

local music industries for Roma musicians in Serbia

A
  • slavas ( saints day), weddings, street busking
  • music education (lessons), playing in cafes and bars
  • festivals and competitions

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