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Dental Hygiene 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Used to carry out the purpose and function of the instrument

Blade

A

Working End

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2
Q

A very fine line where surfaces meet

A

cutting edge

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3
Q

Surfaces meet or are continuous to form the back of the instrument

A

lateral surfaces

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4
Q

Connects the working end with the handle

A

Shank

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5
Q

What shape of shanks are for unrestricted areas?

A

Straight shanks

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6
Q

What shape of shanks are for more restricted areas?

A

Angled shanks

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7
Q

Section of the shank adjacent to the blade. It is sometimes elongated to give better access to deeper pockets

A

Lower or terminal shank

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8
Q

Overall design

A

Handle

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9
Q

Has one working end

A

Single-ended instrument

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10
Q

May have paired or complementary working ends

A

Double-ended instrument

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11
Q

Are separable from the shank and working end. They permit instrument exchanges and replacements

A

Cone socket

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12
Q

Hollow handles are lighter and are preferred to solid handles because they have an enhanced tactile sensitivity and lessen fatigue

A

Weight

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13
Q

The ideal instrument for comfort and best tactile sensitivity

A

Light weight, serrated, hollow handle

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14
Q

The school or individual responsible for the design or development

A

Design name

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15
Q

The traditional number used to identify the specific instrument

A

Design number

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16
Q

Gracey after 5’s

A

Shank is 3mm longer

Pocket depths beyond 5mm

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17
Q

Treatment sequence of instruments

A 
Explorer
Ultra-Sonic
Scaler
Universal Curet
Area Specific(Gracey's)
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18
Q

Curets (in general)

A

One or two cutting edges on a curved blade
Curved around to meet the toe
Face is flat
Back is rounded
70-80
Shank (Anterior teeth)- flat plane
Shank (Posterior teeth)- angled for access to proximal surfaces

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19
Q

Can be adapted on any tooth surface
Face : 90 degree angle
Cutting edge: continuous around the face; used on both sides

A

Universal curet

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20
Q 
Designed for adaptation to specific surfaces
Paired mirror image
Face: offset, 70 degree angle
Cutting edge: continuous around the face
Made for deeper pockets
A

Area Specific

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21
Q

Standard instrument made for subgingival scaling and root planning
Blade forms a 70 degree angle with the tooth
Pull stroke only; applied in vertical, horizontal, or oblique directions

A

Curets

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22
Q

Used for subgingival scaling for removal of as much of the calculus as possible

A

Universal curets

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23
Q

What instrument is best for fine scaling and root planning?

A

Area specific curets

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24
Q

What is the design of curets?

A

Slender shank allows entrance into the sulcus or pocket

Rounded back minimizes possible trauma at the base of the pocket

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25
Q

Two cutting edges on a curved blade
Face: Two lateral surfaces form tip of scaler
Cross section: triangle

A

Curved/Sickle scaler

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26
Q

Two cutting edges on a straight blade

Face: flat

A

Straight/Jacquette scaler

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27
Q

Purpose and Uses for Scalers:

A

Supragingival calculus
Using subgingival can can trauma & risk of scratching the cemental surface is greater
Tactile sensitivity is decreased with larger, heavier blades

70 degree angle
Pull stroke only

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28
Q

What is a modified pen grasp?

A

Holding an instrument between thumb pads and index finger, with the side of the middle finger supporting the shank or placed lower on the handle. The 4th finger is used as a fulcrum.

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29
Q

The support, or point of rest, on which a lever turns in moving a body

A

Fulcrum

30
Q

Objectives of a Finger Rest:

A 
Stability
Unit control
Prevention of Injury (Carpel tunnel)
Comfort for the patient
Control of length stroke
31
Q

What does burnish mean?

A

the process of adapting, polishing, and/or work-hardening a metal restoration under the sliding pressure of a smooth hard instrument, as in finishing the surface of a gold filling.

32
Q

What causes burnished calculus?

A

Dull instruments

33
Q

What are the 3 brand names of local delivery antibiotic agents used for unresponsive areas during periodontal therapy?

A

Arestin
Atridox
Periochip

34
Q

Arestin (antibiotic agent)

A

1mg in a gel carrier
Tetracycline sensitivity
5mm pockets

35
Q

Atridox

A

Liquid form
Delivered by syringe into a pocket
Reduce probing depths, gain of attachment, & destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
Gingival fluid flow is blocked; incidence of abscess can increase

36
Q

Periochip

A

Advantage over other antibiotics because there is no potential for bacterial resistance
Gingival fluid flow is blocked which means a periapical abscess can increase
Maintains levels for 7-10 days

37
Q

What is an O-ring for an ultrasonic scaler?

A

Seals the water, if water shoots out of the O-ring it means it is dry rotted

38
Q

The support, or point of finger rest on the tooth surface, on which the hand turns in moving an instrument

A

Finger rest

39
Q

Gracey mini 5’s

A

Blade length is 50% shorter than a traditional Gracey curet

40
Q

How can you remove burnished calculus?

A

File scalers

41
Q

Magnetostrictive

A

Metal strips
Elliptical pattern
18,000 to 45,000 cycles per second

42
Q

Relationship between the working end of an instrument and the tooth surface being treated

A

Adaptation

43
Q

For intraoral rest, the place on a tooth or teeth where the third or ring finger of the hand holding the instrument is placed to provide stablization and control during activation of the instrument

A

finger rest

44
Q

Use of a dental mouth mirror to view the area of instrumentation. Indirect lighting is provided by the mirror.

A

indirect vision

45
Q

The minimal pressure that is required of an instrument against the tooth to accomplish the objective of the assessment or treatment

A

Lateral pressure

46
Q

To smooth and polish; an effect that result when a dull scaler or curet is passed over tenacious calculus in an attempt to remove the deposit

A

burnish

47
Q

A form of antimicrobial agent produced by or obtained from microorganisms that can kill other microorganisms that can kill other microorganisms or inhibit their growth

A

antibiotic

48
Q

Use of specific chemical or pharmaceutical agents for the control or destruction of microorganisms

A

antimicrobial therapy

49
Q

With reference to the clinical attachment level, which is the position of the periodontal attached tissue at the base of a sulcus or pocket as measured from a fixed point

A

attachment

50
Q

The union of connective tissue or epithelium with a root surface that has been deprived of its original attachement apparatus

A

New attachemtn

51
Q

The reunion of epithelial and connective tissues with root surfaces and bone occurs after an incision or injury

A

Reattachment

52
Q

Presence of bacteria in the blood

A

Bactermia

53
Q

Available for absorption by the body

A

bioabsorbable

54
Q

Susceptible of degradation by biological processes, as by bacterial or other enzymatic action

A

Biodegradable

55
Q

Tubular instrument placed in a cavity to introduce or withdraw fluid

A

Cannula

56
Q

Treatment by which means of chemical or pharaceutical agents

A

Chemotherapy

57
Q

Local delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent to a site-specific area

A

Controlled release

58
Q

A minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used in medicine to examine in accessible tissues by inserting a fiber optic tube into the body

A

Endoscopy

59
Q

LPS complex found in the cell wall of many gram negative microorganisms

A

endotoxin

60
Q

Anatomic area between the roots of a mulitrooted tooth

A

Furcation

61
Q

Pathologic resorption of bone within a furcation

A

Furcation invasion

62
Q

Area on tooth where instrumentation is confined

A

Instrumentation zone

63
Q

Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues

A

infection

64
Q

Caused by microorganisms that are part of the normal microbiota of the skin, nose, mouth, and intestinal and urogenital tracts

A

Endogenous infection

65
Q

Caused by organisms acquired from outside the oral cavity or the host

A

Exogenous infection

66
Q

Occurs in systemically or locally impaired host

A

Opportunistic infection

67
Q

Dental biofilm removal and control, supragingival and subgingival scaling, rooth planning, etc

A

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

68
Q

A definitive treatment procedure designed to remove altered cementum or surface dentin that is rough, impregnated with calculus, or contaminated with toxins

A

root planning

69
Q

Used to explain therpies planned that address the patient’s problems to answer all questions and obtain their consent

A

PARQ (Procedures, Alternatives, Risks/benefits, Questions)

70
Q

Not responding to usual treatment

A

Refractory

71
Q

Instrumentation of the crown or root surfaces to remove dental biofilm and calculus

A

Scaling

Dental Hygiene 2 (4 decks)

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