Exam 2

Question 1

3 Popes

Answer 1

By the 15th century, there were three Popes all claiming to be Peter’s true successor. Fought for temporal headship of the Catholic Church.

Question 2

How did the States fair in the decline of the papacy?

Answer 2

The decline of the institutional power of the Pope was occurring even as new national states, England, France, and Spain were gaining power.

Question 3

Plague

Answer 3

The Bubonic Plague also known as “Black Death”. Removed a third of the population. Jews were to blame.

Question 4

Wycliffe

Answer 4

1. Major critic of the institutional church.
2. Believed that the church was to be a spiritual body without wealth of temporal power and that Scripture was the ultimate authority. not the pope.
3. replaced the eycharist with preaching as the primary element of worship.
4. Advocated the abolition of the entire papal system.

Question 5

What caused the crisis in the church before the reformation?

Answer 5

1. Growing popular dissatisfaction. (too much emphasis on ritual, increasing secularization, wealth, corruption, abuse.)
2. Personal and spiritual crises (rejection of formal ritual and doctrine, emphasis on personal salvation)
3. Calls for reform (Wycliffe, Huss, Erasmus.)

Question 6

John Huss

Answer 6

Burned at the stake as a dangerous heretic, but Pope John Paul issued a belated papal apology for the act.

Question 7

Martin Luther

Answer 7

1521, the council released the Edict of Worms, banning his writings and declaring him a “convicted heretic.”

Question 8

Arminius

Answer 8

1. Controversy addressed at the Synod of Dort after his death.
2. Arminian followers were tired and quickly found guilty as heretics and their teachings were banished from the church.
3. Founder of the anti-Calvinistic school in protestant theology.
4. Five Articles of remonstrance
5. Many denominations adopted these views such as Methodists, Anglicans, Salvationists, and Nazarenes.

Question 9

Henry

Answer 9

The King who separated the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 10

Mary

Answer 10

“Bloody Mary” Queen Mary who wanted Catholicism in England, and killed Protestants.

Question 11

Ollie

Answer 11

Oliver Cromwell. Takes over England (A Puritan Supporter)

Question 12

Puritans

Answer 12

A group of people who wanted to simplify and purify the Church of England

Question 13

Imperishable Principles

Answer 13

Uniqueness of the Bible
Justification of the believer by faith alone, not works
Priesthood of all believers
Religious Liberty
Strengthening of the state and its deliverance from Subservience to Rome
Ethical value of this life and the sanctity of daily labor, marriage, children, and the home.
Sanctity of human vocation.
Virtues of thrift and industry.

Question 14

Tyndale’s claim to fame

Answer 14

Translated the Bible into an early form of Modern English.
First one to take advantage of the moveable-type press to print the Scriptures in English.
His translation however, was banned by authorities and he was burned at the stake for being a heretic.
Tried to convict in an unfair trial of heresy and treason. he was then strangled and burnt at the stake in the prison yard.
Last words: “Lord open the King of England’s eyes.”

Question 15

Arminian’s primary objection to Calvinism

Answer 15

Predestination

Question 16

Scholasticism

Answer 16

An attempt to rationalize theology in order to buttress faith by reason.
Religion would be defined by academics and philosophy rather than a Biblical point of view

Question 17

Mysticism

Answer 17

A response to scholasticism which urged direct contact with God in the act of worship instead of passively participating in the coldly formal acts of worship performed by clergymen and scholars.
inward, outward and corporate disciplines.

Question 18

John Calvin

Answer 18

His government punished “impiety” and dissent against his decision of Christianity with execution.
Used Protestant principles to establish a religious government.
Given supremacy in Geneva as the leader.
TULIP

Question 19

TULIP

Answer 19

Total Depravity
Unconditional Election
Limited Atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of Saints

Question 20

What cities were the various reformers associated with?

Answer 20

Luther: Germany
Zwingli: Switzerland
Calvin: Switzerland
Puritans and Separates: England
Tyndale: England

Question 21

Indulgences

Answer 21

Things you could buy to win good points with God.
could sell to the living, on behalf of themselves, or to the living on behalf of someone who has already died, but believed to be waiting in purgatory.
The church sold them, angering Martin Luther.

Question 22

What was Arminius’s theology finally written out in?

Answer 22

The Synod of Dort